2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（乙卷）英語

絕密 啟用前 2021 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（乙卷） 英語 注意事項(xiàng)： 1、答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。 2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦 干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。 3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分） 做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡 上。 第一節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7. 5 分） 聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完 每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B. Giving directions. C. Correcting a mistake. 2. What dress size does the woman want? A. 8. B. 10. C. 12. 3. What is the woman likely to do? A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest. 4. Which tour does the man seem to be interested in? A. The evening tour. B. The half-day tour. C. The full-day tour. 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a canteen. B. At a clinic. C. At a bank. 第二節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分） 聽下面 5 段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最 佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘 的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。 聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。 6. What does the woman think of the match? A. Entertaining. B. Discouraging. C. Boring. 7. What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon? A. Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema. 聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 題。 8. What does the man advise Mrs. White to do? A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep. 9. Which can be included in Mrs. Whites breakfast? A. Eggs. B. Sausages. C. Porridge. 10. What is the man? A. A teacher. B. A physician. C. A chef. 聽第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 14 題。 11. How does Nancy look to Daniel? A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Anxious. 12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play? A. To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret. C. To show his pride. 13. What is Nancy going to do next week? A. Take a school test. B. Have a check-up. C. Go in for a competition. 14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy? A. Rewrite her lines. B. Drive her to the theatre. C. Help her with the practice. 聽第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 題。 15. What was Prof. Stones grandfather afraid of? A. Leaving his home. B. Parting from his son. C. Taking early retirement. 16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans? A. Lack of moral support. B. Loss of self-worth. C. Change of living habits. 17. What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people? A. Public services they ask for. B. Health care available to them. C. Contributions they can make. 聽第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 題。 18. What does the speakers mother want her to be? A. A confident person. B. A warm-hearted person. C. A humorous person. 19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood? A. She often traveled by herself. B. Her family moved frequently. C. Her mother was busy working. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Importance of home schooling. B. Mother-daughter relationship. C. A role model in her family. 第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分） 第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Romes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good view and comfortable seattend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still funtiona1, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989. Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927. Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922. Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927. 21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A. 104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 23. What do the listed stadiums have in common? A. They host big games. B. They have become tourist attractions. C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects. B When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座機(jī)） ? These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （調(diào)查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor（因素） only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household. Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）. How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries? 24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones? A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity. C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design. 25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark. 26. What can we say about Baby Boomers? A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers identity. C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family. 27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph? A. It remains a family necessity. B. It will fall out of use some day. C. It may increase daily expenses. D. It is as important as the gas light. C Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（來源）of plastic pollution, but theyve recently come under fire because most people dont need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw thats part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（說明） a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like theyd been dumped（傾倒） from a truck all at once. Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. 28. What are Von Wongs artworks intended for? A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products. C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach. 29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A. To show the difficulty of their recycling. B. To explain why they are useful. C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them. 30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers? A. Calming. B. Disturbing. C. Refreshing. D. Challenging. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Artists Opinions on Plastic Safety B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures D During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干擾） in his open office, he said, “Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus”. His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels（分貝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise not too loud and not total silence may actually improve ones creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks. So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. 32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise. C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions. 33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels C. 70 decibels. D. 8 5 decibels. 34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people? A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space. C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions. 35. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. Hes a news reporter. B. Hes an office manager. C. Hes a professional designer. D. Hes a published writer. 第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. 36 , if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, youll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is youre talking to. 37 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. 38 ? If you cant take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （講臺）. If youre the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 39 . And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If youre faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（贊揚(yáng)）. _ 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who had too much to drink or wont stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分） 第一節(jié)（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42 of gratitude（感謝）. My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed（倒下） from what was 46_ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48 _, and was ready for discharge（出院）after four weeks. She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 54 to accept it, saying that we were all just 55 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 56 : “Oh this isnt for the _57_ I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job styling hair is an 60 and should be rewarded. 41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering 45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 46. A. eventually B fortunately C. casually D. secretly 47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment 51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 53 A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported 57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1. 5 分，滿分 15 分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影響） travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 （educate）about the areas both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 （develop） of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 （it） origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67 （visit） the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Provide 68 （finance） aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 （activity ） there range from whale watching to hiking （遠(yuǎn)足） and accommodations aim 70 （have） a low impact on the natural environment. 第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分） 第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分） 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10 處語言 錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（） ，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改 10 處，多者（從第 11 處起）不計(jì)分。 I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. Whats most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. Thats our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic! 第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分 25 分） 你校將舉辦英語演講比賽。請你以 Be smart online learners 為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括： 1. 分析優(yōu)勢與不足； 2. 提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。 注意： 1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右； 2. 題目和首句已為你寫好。