山東省2020屆新高考英語大二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第一板塊 語法填空 專題一 語法填空對點集訓(xùn)

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1、專題一 語法填空 [小題夯基練] 單句語法填空 1．Since 2011，the country __61__(grow) more corn than rice. 解析：has grown　[句中缺少謂語部分，故空格處作謂語。根據(jù)時間狀語Since 2011可知，此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語為the country，故填has grown。] 2．(2020·鄭州市質(zhì)檢二)Traffic，together with factory fumes，__67__ (be) a big problem. 解析：is　[考查主謂一致。句中的主語是Traffic，為不可數(shù)名詞，且此處描述的是客

2、觀情況，故填is。] 3．You don't have to run fast or for long __62__ (see) the benefit. 解析：to see　[考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語部分don't have to run，所以空格處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞。由語境可知空處作目的狀語，故填to see。] 4．(2020·南昌市聯(lián)考)I saw some older people __64__ (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely. 解析：practising　[考查非

3、謂語動詞。“我”看見一些老年人正慢慢地練太極。本句含有“感官動詞＋賓語＋賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語some older people與practise 是主動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely.”可知，賓補動作正在發(fā)生，故用practise的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。] 5．(2020·宜昌葛洲壩中學(xué)月考)Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly 1,500 years，but __62__ (express) from them have entered various l

4、anguages. 解析：expressions　[考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：不僅這些寓言本身存在了近1 500年，而且里面的一些詞語已經(jīng)被收錄到各種語言中了。設(shè)空處表示“詞語”之意，在句中作主語，需用名詞形式；根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的have entered 可推知設(shè)空處需用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填expressions。] 6．(2020·徐州一中檢測)________(happy) for him，his stepmother was kind to him. 解析：Happily　[考查形容詞、副詞變形。句意：使他高興的是，他的繼母對他很好。空格處位于句首作狀語修飾后面整個句子，故用副詞形式；根據(jù)提

5、示詞可推知用happily且其首字母要大寫。] 7．(2020·榆林二中一模)Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the __62__(late) medical development. 解析：latest　[考查形容詞。 句意：醫(yī)生用它來了解更多不熟悉的疾病和最新的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展。設(shè)空處作定語，修飾medical development，意為“最新的”，故填形容詞latest。] 8．(2019·鄭州一中測試六)Four boys were taking __66__ walk in the woods n

6、ear Montignac. 解析：a　[考查冠詞。句意：四個男孩兒正在蒙提涅克附近的樹林里散步。take a walk 為固定短語，意為“行走，散步”。] 9．(2019·鄭州一中測試六)Most caves are formed __62__ nature under the ground，but some have entrances people can find. 解析：by　[考查介詞。句意：大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的，但有些洞窟的入口人們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)。by nature為固定搭配，意為“天然地”，故填介詞by。] 10．(2019·鄭州市質(zhì)檢一)To me，the deba

7、ting community is a great place __68__ people help each other. 解析：where　[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作狀語，先行詞為place，故用where。] 11．(2019·濱州市統(tǒng)考)__66__ it's difficult to master the language，he considers it important for his future career. 解析：While/Though/Although　[考查從屬連詞。句意：雖然掌握這門語言是困難的，但他認為這對他的職業(yè)發(fā)展來

8、說是重要的?！癬_66__ it's difficult to master the language”為讓步狀語從句，設(shè)空處表示“雖然”，故填While/Though/Although。] 12．(2019·廣州市質(zhì)檢一)__66__ he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen. 解析：What　[考查主語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，也在從句中作及物動詞witnessed的賓語，故用What引導(dǎo)該主語從句。] 13．(2020·黃岡元月調(diào)研)What all of you really

9、wanted was coffee，not the cup，__63__ you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other's cups. 解析：but/yet　[考查并列連詞。句意：你們大家真正想要的是咖啡而不是杯子，但是你們都去拿了最好的杯子然后開始看彼此的杯子。前后兩個分句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填并列連詞but/yet。] 14．(2019·衡水中學(xué)調(diào)考)In general，third-culture kids benefit from __61__ (they) inter-cultural experien

10、ces and they often reach excellent academic results. 解析：their　[考查代詞。句意：一般而言，“第三文化的孩子們”受益于他們對不同文化的體驗，并且他們的學(xué)習(xí)成績往往會非常優(yōu)秀。設(shè)空處作inter-cultural experiences的定語，故填形容詞性物主代詞their。] 15．(2019·江西名校質(zhì)檢)Eighteen years later，we're still here and doing __69__ (well) than ever. 解析：better　[考查比較級。句意：18年以后我們還在這里，并且比以往做得

11、更好。根據(jù)than ever 可知設(shè)空處填副詞比較級；根據(jù)提示詞well可知答案為better。] [大題提能練] Ⅰ.語法填空——有提示詞專練(用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空) She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh-faced and full of life.Sarah Thomas 1.________ (be) looking forward to the challenge of 2.________(she) new A-level course.But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sa

12、rah is not spending half-term 3.________ (rest)．Instead，she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a model in New York. Sarah 4.________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel,5.________ (earn) a million dollars in the next year.Her father Peter,44，wants her 6.________ (give) up school to model full

13、-time.But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants 7.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as 8.________ (beautiful)．She is determined 9.________(carry) on with her 10.________ (educate)． She has turned down several 11.________ (invite) to star at shows in order to conc

14、entrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before 12.________ (go) to university to get a degree in 13.________ (engineer) or architecture. Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school 14.________ (come) first.I don't want t

15、o get too 15.________ (absorb) in modeling.It is 16.________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little 17.________ (real)．I don't want to have nothing else 18.________ (fall) back on when I can't model any more.” [語篇解讀]　 文章介紹了紐約市16歲的高中女孩薩拉，她不僅學(xué)習(xí)成績好、長得漂亮，而且是一個收入不菲的時裝模特。她爸爸希望她退學(xué)專門從事模特行業(yè)，但是她以學(xué)業(yè)為重，堅持學(xué)

16、業(yè)和工作兩不誤。 1．解析：is　[考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。提示詞為be，句子缺少謂語動詞，主語為Sarah Thomas，根據(jù)上下文(looks；is not...)的時態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is。] 2．解析：her　[考查代詞。提示詞為代詞，在句中作定語修飾名詞course，所以用she的形容詞性物主代詞her。] 3．解析：resting　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞。spend time doing sth.是固定句式，意為“花費時間做某事”。] 4．解析：has been told/was told　[考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。提示詞為動詞，句中缺少謂語動詞，根據(jù)語境，薩拉

17、應(yīng)該是“被告知”她能成為英國新的超級名模，此處可以用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般過去時。] 5．解析：earning　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，從句中已有謂語動詞could be，由此可以判斷，此處用非謂語動詞。分析語境可知，earn的邏輯主語就是從句的主語she，在句中作結(jié)果狀語，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。] 6．解析：to give　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，句中已有謂語動詞wants，這里是want sb.to do sth.“想讓某人做某事”，所以用動詞不定式作賓補。] 7．解析：to prove　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，句中已有謂語動詞wants，want to do sth.

18、為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“想做某事”，故用動詞不定式作賓語。] 8．解析：beauty　[考查名詞。提示詞為形容詞，as well as為連詞，前后成分應(yīng)該一致，所以該空應(yīng)該和前面的brains一致，用名詞形式，在這里beauty為抽象的概念，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 ] 9．解析：to carry　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，be determined to do sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用動詞不定式。] 10．解析：education　[考查名詞。前面有形容詞性物主代詞her 修飾，故用educate的名詞形式education，且education是不可數(shù)名詞，故用其原形。] 11．解析：i

19、nvitations　[考查名詞。提示詞為動詞，前有several作定語修飾，故此處需要一個名詞，而且invitation是可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，故用其復(fù)數(shù)。] 12．解析：going　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，she 與go之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用“介詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”形式作狀語。所以用going。] 13．解析：engineering　[考查名詞。提示詞為動詞，前面有介詞in，后跟表示某個專業(yè)的名詞，和后面的architecture的形式一致，所以用engineering。] 14．解析：comes　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)at the moment(現(xiàn)在)可知，這個句子

20、用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，而且主語school是單數(shù)，故用comes。] 15．解析：absorbed　[考查形容詞。提示詞為動詞，在系動詞后用形容詞形式。get/be absorbed in 為固定用法，意為“忙于……，專注于……”。] 16．解析：certainly　[考查副詞。提示詞為形容詞，此處應(yīng)該用副詞來修飾形容詞fun。] 17．解析：unreal　[考查形容詞。提示詞為形容詞，根據(jù)語境可知，這里表達的意思為：模特表演確實很有趣，但是這種生活方式有點不真實。所以用反義詞。要注意but的用法。] 18．解析：to fall　[考查非謂語動詞。提示詞為動詞，在句中作定語修飾nothing

21、，fall的邏輯主語就是句子的主語I，故用動詞不定式to fall。] Ⅱ.語法填空——無提示詞專練(每空限一詞) In 1863 1.________ first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers 2.________ allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above 3.________they travelled to and 4.________ wor

22、k.5.________ took three years to complete and was built using 6.________ interesting method.This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over 7.________ top.When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced. Steam engines were used to pull the carriage

23、s and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,8.________ all the smoke and noise.9.________，the railway quickly proved to be 10.________ great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using 11.________ every day. Later，engineers managed to construct railways 12.____

24、____ a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，13.________ became known 14.________ the Tube.This development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of 15.________ most successful of these new lines，and was opened 16.________ 1900.It had w

25、hite-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular 17.________ the public. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文，介紹了全世界第一個地下客運鐵路在英國開放及其逐漸發(fā)展成現(xiàn)在的地鐵的歷程。 1．解析：the　[考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞用定冠詞修飾。句意為：1863年，世界上第一條地鐵在倫敦運營。] 2．解析：and　[考查連詞。連接兩個并列的謂語動詞“ran”和“allowed”，用連詞and。] 3．解析：as/when　[考查狀語從句的連詞。引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，用連詞as/w

26、hen。句意為：這條地鐵能夠讓人們避免上下班在路上遇到的交通擁堵。] 4．解析：from　[考查介詞。travel to and from work上下班，為固定搭配。] 5．解析：It　[考查代詞。此處缺少主語，由句意可知，主語仍為the firs underground passenger railway，且位于句首，故用It。] 6．解析：an　[考查冠詞?？蓴?shù)名詞method在句中表泛指，前有發(fā)音以元音開頭的interesting修飾，用不定冠詞an。] 7．解析：the　[考查冠詞。此處特指“地鐵的頂部”，故用定冠詞the。] 8．解析：with　[考查介詞。表伴隨，意為“

27、帶有，具有”，用介詞with。] 9．解析：However　[考查副詞。上文說的是“有煙霧和噪音，對乘客來說一定相當不愉快”，下文說的是“這條鐵路很快證明是成功的”，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，又因為空后有逗號，且位于句首，故用副詞However。] 10．解析：a　[考查冠詞。抽象名詞“success”在這里指的是修建這條地鐵這件事，屬于典型的抽象名詞具體化，所以用不定冠詞a。] 11．解析：it　[考查代詞。use是及物動詞，其后接賓語，此處很明顯缺少代詞。分析句意可知，此處用it指代上文提到的the railway。] 12．解析：in　[考查介詞。這里指的是在隧道里，所以用介詞in。

28、] 13．解析：which　[考查關(guān)系代詞。代替上文指物的先行詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which。] 14．解析：as　[考查介詞。be/become known as 意為“作為……而出名”。] 15．解析：the　[考查冠詞。在最高級的前面用定冠詞 the。] 16．解析：in　[考查介詞。表示在哪一年，用介詞in。] 17．解析：with　[考查介詞。popular with 為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“深受……歡迎”。] Ⅲ.綜合語法填空 A Wuzhen Water Town is a typical ancient town in southern

29、 China.1.________(lie) in the northern part of Tongxiang City，Zhejiang Province，it can be easily accessed through a number of expressways.On a recent business trip to Shanghai，a local friend 2.________ (invite) me to Wuzhen. It was 9：00 am when we arrived there.With its houses made 3.________ black

30、 bricks and gray tiles(瓦)against the white walls，the small town is like a 4.________ (tradition) Chinese ink wash drawing.Wandering along the riverside，you will be 5.________ (deep) impressed by the great scenery and slow lifestyle.During lunchtime，I 6.________ (treat) to the steamed white fish，a we

31、ll-known dish served at most 7.________ (restaurant) in Wuzhen.It tasted so good.But I think it is the combination of culture and food that makes it so outstanding. After lunch，we continued our walk，enjoying the sights and learning about its history，a history 8.________ is full of good stories and

32、unique traits (特色)． It's really fortunate for anybody 9.________ (explore) such a beautiful place.We hope there will be 10.________ second chance to visit this wonderful town! [語篇解讀]　本文敘述了作者游覽烏鎮(zhèn)的經(jīng)歷。 1．解析：Lying　[考查非謂語動詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，與邏輯主語it之間是主動關(guān)系。] 2．解析：invited　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。時間狀語是On a recent business trip

33、，句子時態(tài)應(yīng)為過去時。] 3．解析：of　[考查介詞。(be) made of...“由……制成、構(gòu)成”是固定搭配。] 4．解析：traditional　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)該用形容詞作定語，修飾drawing，“傳統(tǒng)的中國水墨畫”。] 5．解析：deeply　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞作狀語，修飾動詞impressed“留下深深的印象”。] 6．解析：was treated　[考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。treat sb.to sth.“請某人吃……”為習(xí)慣搭配；此句中I和treat之間為被動關(guān)系，時態(tài)為一般過去時。] 7．解析：restaurants　[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。most 為復(fù)數(shù)的標志

34、詞，此處用復(fù)數(shù)泛指多數(shù)飯店。] 8．解析：that/which　[考查定語從句。先行詞是history，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語。] 9．解析：to explore　[考查不定式。不定式作真正的主語，it作形式主語。] 10．解析：a　[考查冠詞?！癮＋序數(shù)詞”表示重復(fù)，意為“又一次，再一次”，不表示順序。] B The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road are also 1.________ (know) as the One Belt and One Road Initiative (OB

35、OR)．It is a development strategy that focuses 2.________ the cooperation between Eurasian countries，primarily the People's Republic of China (PRC)，the land-based Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB)and the ocean-going Maritime Silk Road (MSR)．The strategy underlines China's push 3.________ (play)a larger

36、role in global affairs with a China-centered trading network. It 4.________(raise)by Xi Jinping in September and October 2013 for SREB and MSR respectively.It was also promoted by Premier Li Keqiang during the state visit to Asia and Europe and the most 5.________ (frequent) mentioned concept in

37、the People's Daily in 2016.It was initially called One Belt and One Road,6.________ in mid-2016 the official English name was changed to the Belt and Road Initiative. The future of trade in Asia could depend heavily on what becomes of China's expansive One Belt，One Road initiative,7.________ calls

38、for massive investment in the development of trade routes in the region.An ancient Chinese saying 8.________ (go)，“A long journey can be covered only by 9.________(take) one step at a time.”Similarly，in Europe，there is also the saying that“Rome wasn't built in a day.”O(jiān)BOR requires more dedicated 10.

39、________ (effort)．It will bring true benefit to both the world and China! [語篇解讀]　本文主要介紹了一帶一路的相關(guān)知識。 1．解析：known　[考查非謂語動詞。此處為過去分詞作表語。] 2．解析：on　[考查介詞。此處為focus on短語，意為“集中于”。] 3．解析：to play　[考查不定式。此處為動詞不定式作后置定語。] 4．解析：was raised　[考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的時間狀語in September and October 2013 可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，再結(jié)合主語和謂語的關(guān)

40、系可知應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。] 5．解析：frequently　[考查副詞。此處副詞修飾形容詞mentioned。] 6．解析：but　[考查連詞。根據(jù)前后語境可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。] 7．解析：which　[考查定語從句。此處which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句并在定語從句中充當主語。] 8．解析：goes　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。正如古代的諺語所說，用一般現(xiàn)在時。] 9．解析：taking　[考查動名詞。此處by為介詞，后跟動詞的-ing形式。] 10．解析：efforts　[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)其前的more可知此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。] C Alcohol is a substance that

41、 reduces the function of the brain,1.________ (weaken) thinking，reasoning and muscle coordination.All these abilities are essential to operating a vehicle 2.________ (safe)． As alcohol levels rise in a person's system，the negative effects 3.________ the central nervous system increase，too.Alcohol 4

42、.________ (absorb) directly through the walls of the stomach and small intestine(腸)．Then it passes into the bloodstream 5.________ it accumulates until it is broken down by the liver.Alcohol level is measured by the weight of the alcohol in a certain volume of blood.This is called Blood Alcohol Conc

43、entration，or BAC.At a BAC of 0.8 milligrams of alcohol per milliliter of blood，crash risk 6.________ (increase) greatly.Because of this risk，it's illegal in many places 7.________ (drive) with a BAC of 0.8 or higher.However，even a small amount of alcohol can affect driving ability.In fact，every year

44、 there are thousands of people 8.________ (kill) in alcohol-related crashes where drivers have 9.________ (low) alcohol levels (BACs of 0.1 to 0.7 mg/ml)． BAC is measured with a breathalyzer，a device that measures the amount of alcohol in a driver's breath,10.________ by a blood test. [語篇解讀]　本文是說明

45、文，介紹了酒駕的危害以及有關(guān)規(guī)定。 1．解析：weakening　[考查現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。] 2．解析：safely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞作狀語，修飾動作operating。] 3．解析：on　[考查介詞。the effects on...為習(xí)慣搭配。] 4．解析：is absorbed　[考查被動語態(tài)。alcohol 與absorb之間為被動關(guān)系。] 5．解析：where　[考查定語從句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作狀語。] 6．解析：increases　[考查主謂一致。此處表示通常情況，為現(xiàn)在時，主語crash risk 為單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式

46、。] 7．解析：to drive　[考查不定式。本句為it作形式主語，不定式是真正主語。] 8．解析：killed　[考查過去分詞。過去分詞作后置定語修飾people。] 9．解析：lower　[考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)后面括號里的數(shù)字可判斷，此處指比規(guī)定酒精含量BAC 0.8更低的含量。] 10．解析：or　[考查連詞。上下句之間為選擇關(guān)系?！癇AC是用體內(nèi)酒精含量測定器或者驗血來測定的”。] D A new university course is about the study of selfies 1.________ (take) on cellphones.The goa

47、l is to analyze 2.________ (it) cultural meaning and self-expression in the modern world. The course began at the University of Southern California.And it attracted people 3.________ (huge)．It is Professor Mark Marino 4.________ teaches the course.He defended the 5.________ (important) to understan

48、d the phenomenon that boomed with the advent(流行)of smartphones.“My students are learning that selfies 6.________ (become) part of the communication process by this time，”Mark said，“and there are parts of our identity that are being read regardless of how we try to portray ourselves.So the course is

49、very popular 7.________ some students.” As part of the course，students have to take five self-portraits 8.________ analyze the background，their clothes，their gestures and any objects in the image.Throughout the course，they 9.________ (ask) to compare their selfies with those of other students and w

50、ell-known people，like Beyonce,10.________ singer who often posts selfies on social media. [語篇解讀]　用智能手機自拍是許多人的愛好。美國的一所大學(xué)開設(shè)了一門關(guān)于自拍的課程。 1．解析：taken　[考查過去分詞。take與selfies之間是動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。] 2．解析：its　[考查代詞。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。] 3．解析：hugely　[考查副詞。修飾動詞attracted應(yīng)用副詞形式。] 4．解析：who/that　[考查強調(diào)句。被強調(diào)的是Professor

51、Mark Marino，故可用who或that。] 5．解析：importance　[考查名詞。作defended的賓語，故應(yīng)填名詞形式。] 6．解析：have become　[考查時態(tài)。由by this time可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。] 7．解析：with　[考查介詞。be popular with意為“受……的歡迎”。] 8．解析：and　[考查連詞。take和analyze是并列動詞，因此用并列連詞and。] 9．解析：are asked　[考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；they 和ask是動賓關(guān)系，因此用被動語態(tài)。] 10．解析：the　[考查冠詞。singer后有定語從句修飾，故應(yīng)用定冠詞。] - 10 -