(全國通用版)2019高考英語三輪沖刺提分練 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境

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1、世界與環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)鞏固.單句語法填空1Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable_(drink) islessandlessnow.2Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow_(save) water.3Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,itbecomesmoreimportant_(protect) ourenvironment.4InChinaalotofriversandlakesare_(serious) pollutedbysomefactories.5Somewastewate

2、rhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes,_(kill) alargenumberoffish.6Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment,theworld_(become) muchmorebeautiful.7Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdifficult_(problem) intheworld.8Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand_(healthy) inthefut

3、ure.9Itishightimethatthegovernment_(take) somemeasurestoreducepollution.10_thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)11Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesproduceharmfulgases.12Asweallknow,environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeoplesli

4、ves.13Ifwedontsavewater,lastdropofwaterwillbeateardropofus.14Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveralmeasuretoreducetheheavypollution.15Withouttheshadefromthetrees,theearthwouldgettoohottolive.16Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthsoitisourhome.17Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumbero

5、ffactors,mostofthemarebeyondourcontrol.18Youdbeexposedtoalotlittlepollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.19Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.20Nobodyknowsexactwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.話題詞匯1pollution n污染2atmosphere n大氣

6、,氣氛3consequence n結(jié)果,后果4attach great importance to.十分重視5be aware of.意識到6damage v毀壞7make a difference有影響8environment n環(huán)境9suffer v受苦,遭受10cause v導(dǎo)致能力提升.閱讀理解A(2018安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)聯(lián)考)Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern,rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatap

7、aceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation(森林濫伐) oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction,thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources,andthereductionofcarb

8、onsinks.However,thisdestructioncanbeslowed,stopped,andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn))Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved,butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic,political,andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyar

9、ecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So,whatshouldbedone?Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical,notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持續(xù)的) useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests,effortstorestored

10、amagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelongtermbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed,asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions,closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimpr

11、ovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor,norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmus

12、tseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.21Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?AHumansdestroyingthetrees.BCarbonsinksbeingreduced.CLackingrenewableresources.DFencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.22Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?ATropicalr

13、ainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.BRainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.CHumanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.DEconomicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.23Whatistheauthorsattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?AIndifferent.BConcerned.CDoubtful.DPuzzled.24W

14、hatisthepurposeofthepassage?AToshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.BTostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.CToappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.DTointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.BForcenturies,elephantshaveplayedabigroleintheworldseconomies,culturesandreligions.TheAfricanelephantsusedtobefoun

15、dalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephantsmovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays,elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia,SriLankaandIndia.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,therewereclosetotenmillionelephants,andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas252,000andexpectedtodropdown

16、to160,000by2025.Between2007and2014,theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%,or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains,theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegentlemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes.Therearemanyreasonswhytheelephantp

17、opulationhasbeendecreasing,oneofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace,andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants,theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching”hasbeenamajorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies,andtheyarekilledonlyfortheirvaluable

18、ivorytusks.Althoughthetradeoftusksisillegal,itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces.Often,allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers,andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallaborfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtopreventthemfromkillingtheelephants

19、.SomeplacessuchasBotswana,haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce,whichismadeupofaround700speciallytrainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedaboutthepresentsituationselephantsarein,buttherearewaystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelp

20、elephantconservation,adoptanelephant,ordonate,clickhere.25ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat_.AhumansdontcareforelephantsBelephantshavebeennexttoextinctionCelephantshavebecomegentlerthanbeforeDelephantshavegainedmoreattention26Whatisthebiggestfactorforthedisappearingelephants?ALessspace.BAlackoffo

21、od.CSufferingfromadisease.DElephanthunting.27Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers?ATheirtusksareprofitable.BElephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly.CFarmershopetomakealivingbysellingtheirmeat.DFarmerspracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants.28Whatisthepurposeofthistext?ATopersuade

22、readerstomakeadonation.BToguidereadershowtoprotectelephants.CToencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants.DTointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants.短文改錯(2018廣東湛江二模)Whatissomethingyoucantseebutisallaroundyou?Whatholdanairplaneinthesky?Theanswerwithallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucantseeair,butyouknowits

23、there.Youcanfeelthem.Airisamixtureofinvisiblegas.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens?Yourchestrisessoyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also,thetiresonbikes,cars,trucksandbusesneedairtokeeproll.Theatmosphereblocksoutmuchofthesunsharmfulrays.The atmosphere traps the heat from the sun.It makes

24、 our world warmly enough for life to grow.答案解析.1.todrink2.tosave3.toprotect4.seriously5.killing6willbecome7.problems8.healthier9.shouldtake/took10On.11.Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesharmfulgases.12Asweallknow,environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeopleslives.13Ifwed

25、ontsavewater,lastdropofwaterwillbeateardropofus.14Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveraltoreducetheheavypollution.15Withouttheshadefromthetrees,theearthwouldgettoohottolive.16Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthitisourhome.17Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostofarebe

26、yondourcontrol.18Youdbeexposedtoalotpollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.19Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.20Nobodyknowswhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.語篇解讀如今,熱帶雨林正面臨嚴重的生存危機,為世界敲響了環(huán)保警鐘。人類應(yīng)采取更加實際、有效的措施來保護熱帶雨林。21A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第

27、二段中的“Deforestation(森林濫伐) of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction”可知,人類對熱帶雨林的濫砍濫伐導(dǎo)致熱帶雨林一些物種的滅絕。故選A。22D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Economic,political,and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from use and development.”可推知經(jīng)

28、濟效益對保護熱帶雨林有一定影響。故選D。23B觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段和第四段的內(nèi)容可知,作者講述了熱帶雨林正在消失的現(xiàn)狀并提出了一些保護措施已經(jīng)無效的問題。由此可以推斷出作者對熱帶雨林保護持擔憂的態(tài)度。故選B。24C寫作目的題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后兩段可知,作者認為傳統(tǒng)的保護熱帶雨林的方法無效,呼吁大家分享合適的保護措施。故選C。語篇解讀本文主要講了大象在經(jīng)濟、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用,而現(xiàn)在由于種種原因,大象的數(shù)量在急劇減少。作者在這里呼吁人們保護野生大象。25B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的數(shù)據(jù)252 000,160 000,144 000,36可知,大象的數(shù)量在不斷地減少,所以它們有瀕臨滅

29、絕的危險。故選B。26D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Elephant hunting or poaching has been a major factor for the disappearance of this species,and they are killed only for their valuable ivory tusks.”可知,導(dǎo)致大象滅絕最主要的原因是人類對大象的捕殺。故選D。27A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,農(nóng)民捕殺大象的現(xiàn)象很難被禁止的原因是象牙很賺錢。故選A。28C寫作目的題。通讀全文尤其是文中最后一段的最后兩句可知,作者寫作本文是想鼓勵人們保護大象。

30、故選C。.Whatissomethingyoucantseebutisallaroundyou?Whatanairplaneinthesky?Theanswerallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucantseeair,butyouknowitsthere.Youcanfeel.Airisamixtureofinvisible.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens?Yourchestrisesyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also,thetiresonbikes,cars,trucksandbusesneedairtokeep.Theatmosphereblocksoutofthesunsharmfulrays.Theatmospheretrapstheheatfromthesun.Itmakesourworldenoughforlifetogrow.8

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