《備戰(zhàn)2020年高考英語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一遍過(guò) 考點(diǎn)20 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（含解析）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《備戰(zhàn)2020年高考英語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一遍過(guò) 考點(diǎn)20 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（含解析）（14頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、考點(diǎn)20 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 高考頻度：【命題解讀】對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查重點(diǎn)在于根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境靈活多樣地運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，賓語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用，交際用語(yǔ)中為表示委婉而使用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，含蓄條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，以及特殊句型中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣等?！久}預(yù)測(cè)】在特定語(yǔ)境下，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣與動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)相結(jié)合的考查是近年來(lái)高考的趨勢(shì)?！緩?fù)習(xí)建議】1. 掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虛擬條件句的用法；3. 掌握主從句時(shí)間不一致的虛擬條件句的用法；4. 掌握名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；5. 掌握wish/if only/would rather從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法?？枷蛞籭f條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣if條件從句從
2、句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式表示現(xiàn)在情況動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were)should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形表示過(guò)去情況had過(guò)去分詞should/would/could/mighthave過(guò)去分詞表示將來(lái)情況should動(dòng)詞原形should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式were to動(dòng)詞原形If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會(huì)帶把傘。We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold hadnt offered us a ride home.如果
3、昨天哈羅德沒(méi)送我們回家，我們會(huì)打出租車(chē)回家的?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】虛擬語(yǔ)氣記憶口訣虛擬語(yǔ)氣表愿望；If句中三情況；與現(xiàn)事實(shí)若相反；從過(guò)全were 主would原；過(guò)從had過(guò)分連；Would have過(guò)分鍵；從過(guò)were to should原；Would動(dòng)原主將反。1.(2018北京卷單項(xiàng)填空) They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【參考答案】D【答案解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果他們多開(kāi)幾公里
4、的話，他們也許會(huì)找到一個(gè)更好的旅館。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，該句是表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。if _ a few more kilometers是條件句部分，表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，條件句部分要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故D選項(xiàng)正確。2.(2017北京卷單項(xiàng)填空) If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【參考答案】A【答案解析】考
5、查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意可知是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，從句用had done形式， 故答案選 A。句意：如果新的安全系統(tǒng)已投入使用的話， 這次事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生了。2.(2016天津卷單項(xiàng)填空)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I _. A. were injured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured【參考答案】D【答案解析】句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)系著安全帶。如果我沒(méi)有系安全帶，我就會(huì)受傷了。使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)if條件句用的had done，可
6、知，主句用would have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，而且I和injure是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選D。考向二錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱(chēng)為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If you had followed the doctors advice，you would be better now.如果你當(dāng)時(shí)聽(tīng)醫(yī)生建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就好多了。1. （2018天津卷單項(xiàng)填空）If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the
7、 beachA. had caught B. caughtC. have caught D. would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果我們昨天趕上飛機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知，從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故用had + v-ed。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣重要做題原則：根據(jù)題干中主句或從句中動(dòng)詞形式判斷所考查的動(dòng)詞的虛擬時(shí)間，一般要保持一致，但要注意錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語(yǔ)氣要根據(jù)各自所表示的虛擬時(shí)間做出調(diào)整。本題就是錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故用had + v-ed，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。2.（2016江蘇卷
8、單項(xiàng)填空）If it_ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to be D. should not have been【參考答案】A【答案解析】本句屬于錯(cuò)綜條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，所以使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。句意：如果不是因?yàn)榍皫滋焖难?qǐng)，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里了。故A正確。考向三省略if的倒裝句在條件句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，變?yōu)榈?/p>
9、裝句式。If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我重回學(xué)校，我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 要是你來(lái)的再早點(diǎn)，你可能就趕上公交了。If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain
10、 tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 要是明天下雨，我們就不去爬山了。 (2017江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空)_not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【參考答案】B【答案解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)主句could not overcome可知此處是省略if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝，所以were應(yīng)放于主語(yǔ)it之前，陳述句應(yīng)為If it were not，故選B項(xiàng)。句意：要不是老
11、師們的支持，這個(gè)學(xué)生不可能克服困難。考向四含蓄條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有時(shí)候，虛擬條件不是通過(guò)if引導(dǎo)的條件句來(lái)表示，而是暗含在上下文中。 （1）用but for 、without(如果沒(méi)有）等來(lái)代替條件從句。Without electricity human life would be quite different.=If there were no electricity, human life would be quite different. 如果沒(méi)有電，人類(lèi)的生活將會(huì)有很大不同。 （2）用otherwise、or(or else)、even though等表示與上文的情況相反，從而引出虛
12、擬語(yǔ)氣。I lost your address. Otherwise, I would have visited you long before. =I lost your address. If I hadnt lost your address, I would have visited you long before. 你的地址我弄丟了，要不我早就去拜訪你了。（3）虛擬條件通過(guò)but暗示出來(lái)。He would have given you more help,but he was too busy. 他本來(lái)會(huì)給你更多的幫助，但是他太忙了。也就是說(shuō)，如果那時(shí)他不忙，他可以給你更多的幫助。句
13、中but he was too busy實(shí)際上暗示了一個(gè)虛擬條件如果那時(shí)他不忙。He would lose weight,but he eats too much. 他本來(lái)可以減肥的，但是他吃得太多了。也就是說(shuō)，如果他吃得不多的話，他是可以減肥的。句中的but he eats too much實(shí)際上暗示了一個(gè)虛擬條件如果他吃得不多。1.（2019江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【參考答
14、案】C【答案解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過(guò)一段愉快時(shí)光的。根據(jù)上文，可知是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語(yǔ)+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選C。2.(2018天津卷單項(xiàng)填空) I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have leftC. might leave D. could
15、have left【參考答案】D【答案解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我不能找到我的錢(qián)包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知，是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done，再根據(jù)后句but Im not sure.可知，此推測(cè)為不能肯定的推測(cè)，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could，表示“可能”。故選D。3.（2015重慶卷單項(xiàng)填空）Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway_ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A. didnt write B. hadnt wri
16、tten C. wouldnt write D. wouldnt have written【參考答案】D 【答案解析】本題是含蓄條件句。句意：沒(méi)有他戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，海明威就不可能寫(xiě)出著名的小說(shuō)永別了武器。根據(jù)without his wartime experience沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，可知表示對(duì)于過(guò)去的否定猜測(cè)，故主句用would have done，因此選D項(xiàng)?？枷蛭迕~性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1用于表示建議、愿望、命令等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，propose，advise，request，urge，command，pref
17、er，desire，recommend等。賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。Her mother suggested that she should go and see the doctor.她媽媽建議她去看醫(yī)生?！咎貏e提醒】 suggest表暗示，insist表堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 試比較： He insisted that I had read his letter. 他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)我看過(guò)他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter. 他堅(jiān)持要我看他的信。 He suggested that we (sho
18、uld) stay for dinner. 他建議我們留下吃飯。 I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我覺(jué)得你與他心照不宣。 2用于主語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)句型：It is important/necessary/urgent/essential/ . + that. It is sbs order/desire/suggestion/advice/ . + that. It is suggested/advised/demanded/requested/ . + that 從句謂語(yǔ)形式：（should+）動(dòng)詞原形It is
19、 ordered that the army (should) get there by 4 a.m. 軍隊(duì)必須在上午4點(diǎn)之前到達(dá)那里。It is necessary that we (should) clean the room every day. 我們每天打掃房間是有必要的。It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.人們建議會(huì)議推遲到下周。3用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從
20、句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其構(gòu)成是should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。His demand is that the boy should go with him.他要求這個(gè)男孩和他一起去。Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go. 我們的建議是你應(yīng)該第一個(gè)去。He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. 他命令部隊(duì)馬上撤退。1.(2018江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空) Itsstrangethathe_ havetakenthebookswithouttheow
21、nerspermission.A. would B. shouldC. could D. might【參考答案】B【答案解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：真奇怪，他竟然沒(méi)有主人的允許就拿走了這些書(shū)。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that.”中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中的should可以省略。故選B。2.（2016全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷II短文改錯(cuò)）Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
22、【參考答案】刪除can或can改為should 【答案解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。動(dòng)詞suggest作為建議講的時(shí)候，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+）動(dòng)詞原形，所以本句可以刪除can或can改為should?？枷蛄鵺ish 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + wish (that) +從句主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（be一律用were。I wish I knew everything in the world. 我希望我知道世界上的一切。I wish that the experiment were a success. 我希望實(shí)驗(yàn)是成功的。2.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿
23、望，構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + wish (that) + 從句主語(yǔ) + would/could + have + 過(guò)去分詞或had + 過(guò)去分詞。I wish that you had called yesterday. 我希望你昨天打來(lái)電話。I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. 我沒(méi)有去參加聚會(huì)，但我真希望我去過(guò)那兒。3.表示將來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + wish (that) + 從句主語(yǔ) + would/should/could/might +動(dòng)詞原形。I wish that he could try again
24、. 我希望他能再試一次。I wish that someday I should live on the moon. 我希望有一天我能在月球上生活。1.(2018江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A. had B. will haveC. would have had D. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：在這個(gè)村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有機(jī)會(huì)去更多的參與。本題考查wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從
25、句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，所以從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。2. (2015天津)I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been 【參考答案】D【答案解析】句意：上個(gè)周二我本希望參加我姐姐的婚禮，但那時(shí)我在紐約出差。本題考查wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句用had + 過(guò)去分詞。根據(jù)句意可知選D?？枷蚱咂渌湫椭械奶摂M語(yǔ)氣1would rat
26、her后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示愿望，意為寧愿；但愿。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。I would rather he had passed the exam.我寧愿他通過(guò)了那次考試。2在It is (about/high) timethat從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式或should動(dòng)詞原形表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，注意should不可省略。Its high time that we devoted ourselves to environmental protection.是我們致力于環(huán)境保護(hù)的時(shí)候了。3as if，as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句中常用虛擬
27、語(yǔ)氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。They talked and talked as if they would never meet again.他們談啊談好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再見(jiàn)面一樣。4if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示愿望。Look at the trouble were in.If only we had taken our teachers advice！看看我們所處的困境，要是我們接受老師的建議就好了！題組一 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)單句改錯(cuò)1.Id rather you saw the film yesterday.2.It is time that I go t
28、o pick up my daughter at school.3.I wish I knew the truth of the matter.4.If you listened to the doctor，you would be all right now.5.You could do better，but you didnt try your best.6.If we took the other road，we might have arrived earlier.7.He suggested that we took the teachers advice.8.If he had b
29、een studying hard，he would work in the office now.9.But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey.10.If only I have read the books on reading list before I attended the lecture.題組二能力提升單項(xiàng)填空1.The driver was really careless, otherwise the traffic accident _.A. didnt happenB. hadnt happenedC. would
30、nt happenD. wouldnt have happened2. If you _ yourself to doing everything in the order given, you would miss an opportunity to be a unique individual.A. commitB. committedC. have committedD. had committed3. The boy might have drowned but for the fact that his father _ beside him on the deck at that
31、time.A. was standingB. stoodC. had stoodD. would have stood 4. What do you think of his performance in the match?He _, but today was not his day.A. need have scoredB. could have scoredC. should scoreD. would score5. I didnt watch the program Where are we going, Dad? yesterday.I _, either, if my fath
32、er hadnt reminded me.A. wouldnt haveB. didntC. wouldntD. hadnt6. Id rather the two countries _ an end to the war. Then their people could live in peace.A. putsB. would putC. putD. should put7. We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A. should faceB. might face C. could have facedD. m
33、ust have faced8. The report urged that all the children _ to swim.A. are taughtB. be taught C. to be taughtD. being taught9. The match sounds fantastic; how I wish I _ it like you.A. watchedB. had watched C. would watchD. have watched10. This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all, indica
34、ting a high time that we _ on what weve done to the environment. A. have reflectedB. are reflecting C. will reflectD. reflected 題組三體驗(yàn)真題1.（2019天津卷單項(xiàng)填空）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have a
35、ccomplished2. (2017天津)Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I _ able to reach her yesterday.A. hadnt been B. wouldnt have been C. werent D. wouldnt be3.(2016浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallen B. wo
36、uld not fall C. did not fall D. would not have fallen4.(2016北京)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped.A. told B. had toldC. were to tell D. would tell5. (2015安徽)It is lucky we booked a room, or we _nowhere to stay now.A. hadB. had hadC. would haveD. woul
37、d have had6. (天津市和平區(qū)2017屆高三第三次質(zhì)量調(diào)查（三模）) What happened to the young trees we planted last week? The trees _ well, but I didnt water them.A. might growB. would have grownC. neednt have grownD. would grow題組一 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)單句改錯(cuò)1.sawhad seen2.gowent/should go 3.knewhad known4.listenedhad listened5.dohave done6.too
38、khad taken7.took(should) take 8.workbe working9.have后加had10.havehad題組二能力提升單項(xiàng)填空1. D 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。句意：那個(gè)司機(jī)真粗心，否則這起交通事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生。A. didnt happen 說(shuō)明事故沒(méi)有發(fā)生；B. hadnt happened 是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，不符合語(yǔ)境；C. wouldnt happen 常用來(lái)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)不符；D. wouldnt have happened的意思是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，本句事故已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故選D。2. B 【解析】句意：如果你承諾自己按已給的順序做每件事，你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)成為獨(dú)特
39、個(gè)體的機(jī)會(huì)。此處是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，if從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用would/could+動(dòng)詞原形，故選B。3. A 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：要不是因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)男孩的父親當(dāng)時(shí)在甲板上站在他旁邊，他可能就會(huì)溺水了。but for要不是，引導(dǎo)含蓄虛擬條件句，在此相當(dāng)于if it hadnt been for；the fact后跟同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，父親站在男孩身旁是事實(shí)，因此從句不使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；根據(jù)at that time可知，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選A。4. C 【解析】句意：你認(rèn)為他在比賽中的表現(xiàn)怎么樣？他本能夠得分的，但今天他不走運(yùn)。could have done本
40、能夠（本可以）做，但實(shí)際上未做。5. C 【解析】考查虛擬條件句。句意：昨天我沒(méi)有看爸爸去哪兒。如果我爸爸沒(méi)有提醒我，我也不會(huì)看的。從條件句if my father hadnt reminded me可知是和過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用would have done，所以選C。6. C 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我希望這兩個(gè)國(guó)家結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，這樣，兩國(guó)人民都能和平生活。Id rather后接從句時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示現(xiàn)在的非真實(shí)情況，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。7. C 【解析】根據(jù)but后面的過(guò)去時(shí)可知是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，那么主句中應(yīng)該使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的形式。故排除AB。D項(xiàng)只表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況
41、的肯定推測(cè)，不表示虛擬，故C正確。8. B 【解析】urge后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略，且本句要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：那則報(bào)告強(qiáng)烈要求所有的孩子都被教會(huì)游泳。故B正確。9. B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：那場(chǎng)比賽聽(tīng)上去真是精彩。我多么希望像你一樣看過(guò)那場(chǎng)比賽啊！此題考查I wish后面的從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。依據(jù)前面句子的意思可以看出比賽已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)了，所以I wish后面的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故選B。10. D 【解析】句意：全球范圍的霧霾應(yīng)該對(duì)所有的人是個(gè)提醒，表明是我們?cè)摲此嘉覀儗?duì)環(huán)境做了什么的時(shí)候了。這是句型
42、It is high time that.的變形，that從句中要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故選D。題組三 體驗(yàn)真題1.D【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：工人們沒(méi)有被更好的組織起來(lái)，否則他們用一半的時(shí)間就能完成任務(wù)。根據(jù)上句the workers were not better organized可知，這是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語(yǔ)+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選D。2.B【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由空前的otherwise可知應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，再結(jié)合句意可知此
43、處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would have done，故選B項(xiàng)。句意：你有貝蒂的電話號(hào)碼嗎？有。不然的話，我昨天就不會(huì)聯(lián)系上她了。3.D 【解析】句意：如果政府和科學(xué)家不共同努力，艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡就不會(huì)從2005年的最高點(diǎn)下降。使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣， if條件句用的had done，而且省略it，將had提前，主句用would have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬。故選D。4.B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：你上周為什么沒(méi)有告訴我你遇到的麻煩？如果你告訴我的話，我就可以幫你了。根據(jù)第一句可知，這里是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行虛擬，if條件句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B。5. C 【解析】句意：我們很幸運(yùn)地訂到了房間，否則的話，我們現(xiàn)在就會(huì)無(wú)處可去了。or引導(dǎo)含蓄虛擬條件句，or后面是主句，相當(dāng)于if we hadnt booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.，根據(jù)now可知，是對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行虛擬，因此用would+動(dòng)詞原形，故選C。6.B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。would have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，表示可能已經(jīng)，句意：我們上星期種的小樹(shù)怎么了？如果我過(guò)去給它澆水的話，它可能已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)得很好了。故答案是B項(xiàng)。14
備戰(zhàn)2020年高考英語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一遍過(guò) 考點(diǎn)20 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（含解析）
