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1、（浙江專(zhuān)用）2022年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化練13 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 新人教版必修3 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018·浙江) Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter,including things that fall off garbage t

2、rucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag. Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of citi

3、es do not allow them at checkouts(收銀臺(tái)).The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California,including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds,plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume. Among the bag mak

4、ers’ arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags,which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at,they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today. The industry has also taken

5、 aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is,the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.However,longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at leas

6、t 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic. Environmentalists don’t dispute(質(zhì)疑) these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。在美國(guó),一些地區(qū)禁止使用塑料袋,然而有一部分科學(xué)家卻被塑料袋制造商雇傭,來(lái)證明他們的產(chǎn)品并不像大多數(shù)人想象的那樣糟糕,到底是使用塑料袋、環(huán)保袋,還

7、是有更好的選擇? 1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do? A.Help increase grocery sales. B.Recycle the waste material. C.Stop things falling off trucks. D.Argue for the use of plastic bags. 答案D 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句“What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry be

8、hind the plastic shopping bag.”可知,Steven Stein的工作是保護(hù)塑料購(gòu)物袋背后的行業(yè),為其辯護(hù),故選D項(xiàng)。 2.What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Bans on plastic bags. B.Effects of city development. C.Headaches caused by garbage. D.Plastic bags hung in trees. 答案A 解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知,美國(guó)施行了許多關(guān)于禁止使用塑料袋的辦法,塑料袋

9、制造商雇傭像Stein這樣的科學(xué)家,來(lái)證明他們的產(chǎn)品并不像大多數(shù)人想象的那樣糟糕,因此headwinds指代前面施行的禁止使用塑料袋的法令,故選A項(xiàng)。 3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers? A.They are quite expensive. B.Replacing them can be difficult. C.They are less strong than plastic bags. D.Producing them requires more energy.

10、 答案D 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第三句“However,longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.”可知,制造使用更持久的環(huán)保袋通常需要更多的能量,這是它們的弊端,故選D項(xiàng)。 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Plastic,Paper or Neither B.Industry,Pollution and Environment C.Recycle or Throw Away D.Garbage Collection and Waste C

11、ontrol 答案A 解析主旨大意題?？v觀全文及文章最后一段可知,本文主要介紹了塑料袋與環(huán)保袋的使用問(wèn)題。最后,作者表明,環(huán)保人士希望有一天環(huán)保袋也能夠被更好的可再生的袋子所替代,故A項(xiàng)最能全面地概括本文的主旨。 B (2018·浙江杭州教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) What horrors hide in our subconscious (潛意識(shí))?According to a new French study on sleep-talking,researchers found the most monly used word is “no”,and the French swearwo

12、rd (罵人的話) “putain” occurred,reports the New York Times,“800 times more often in sleep than when awake”.The study also found that men sleep-talked more than women and used more swearwords. Sleep-talking is a form of sleep disorders.“In my experience,it can be linked to the nervous system being overa

13、ctive,which can be related to the overuse of technology before bed or too much coffee,” says Dr Nerina.“But these sorts of behaviours can happen with people who are quite hard on themselves.They’re perfectionists,but they often hold back on saying what they really want to say.When they go to bed at

14、night,it es out into the sleep.” The idea that you can find someone’s deepest secrets while they are asleep is irresistible.There are apps that record sleep-talking.But can you admit to a murder in your sleep?Or to having a lover?Prof.Horne suggests we shouldn’t read too much into what is said.“Sle

15、ep-talking tends to occur in very light sleep,” he says.Sleep-talking isn’t related to dreaming but to the lighter sleep.It’s really the wanderings of a rather confused mind.” It is much more mon in children,and the majority of people grow out of it.“Anxiety and stress tend to bring it on,” says Ho

16、rne.“Sleep-talkers are generally reflecting some sort of aspect of a worry.I think it’s best not to place too much concern on sleep-talking and not take the words said by someone seriously.” However,sleep-talking might tell you one thing.Someone who often does it is probably quite anxious and it mi

17、ght be a good idea to find out what is worrying them. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。夢(mèng)囈,即說(shuō)夢(mèng)話,屬于睡眠障礙的一種,常與神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的過(guò)度活躍有關(guān)。夢(mèng)囈產(chǎn)生的原因有很多種,大多是由于焦慮引起的,但對(duì)于夢(mèng)囈,我們無(wú)需太過(guò)擔(dān)心。 5.What can we learn from the text? A.Swearwords occur more often when people are awake. B.Adults sleep-talk less since they are happier than kids. C.Sleep-

18、talking has an obvious connection with dreaming. D.People don’t need to worry too much about sleep-talking. 答案D 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“it’s best not to place too much concern on sleep-talking”可知,人們對(duì)于夢(mèng)囈沒(méi)必要太過(guò)于擔(dān)心。故選D項(xiàng)。 6.According to the text,the most likely cause of sleep-talking is 　　　.? A.hard work

19、and lack of sleep B.advances in modern technology C.one’s deepest secrets D.constant worry and tension 答案D 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Anxiety and stress tend to bring it on.”以及“Sleep-talkers are generally reflecting some sort of aspect of a worry.”可知,夢(mèng)囈主要是由于持續(xù)的緊張擔(dān)憂等情緒引起的。故選D項(xiàng)。 7.What is the text mainly

20、 about? A.How subconscious works. B.When sleep disorders arise. C.What sleep-talking means. D.Why people feel anxious. 答案C 解析主旨大意題。文章主要是圍繞“夢(mèng)囈”這一話題展開(kāi)闡述的,介紹了夢(mèng)囈的起因及人們對(duì)此應(yīng)該持有的態(tài)度等。故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2018·浙江溫州一模) Mum said they might not be back until after eleven.My brother Greg and I 　1　 to play hide-

21、and-seek.But there was not much 　2　 except in the front room.The 　3　 was that we were not allowed in there by ourselves.　4　,we just took the risk.? Once there,both of us were cautious and moved about　5　 for some while.Then,when I hid behind a tapestry (壁毯),　6　 by my brother,I jumped out.With a sens

22、e of 　7　,I felt my right elbow (手肘) striking something hard.We heard a crash.Even 　8　 we dared to look,we knew that the vase lay broken.? When Mum and Dad came home and viewed the pieces,we knew any　9　 would only serve to fuel their anger.Mum ordered us to sit on the bare floor,beside the ruin.She

23、cried,“How 　10　 the two of you have done this?” Greg and I,too 　11　 to cry,could voice no answer.After a while,she 　12　 us and stayed there alone by herself,much like a statue.? Greg and I　13　 throughout that night,struggling to decide what we might do to 　14　 for it.We hoped with the money we had

24、saved we might just have 　15　 to buy a vase.The next day,we set off to search 　16　 every local shop until we found a good copy.? When we　17　 home in silence,we 　18　 Mum and Dad with what we’d bought.Dad 　19　 out,took it from Greg and then passed it to Mum.She sighed,“You broke our Ming vase.” But w

25、e believed they knew we were 　20　.? 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。兄弟倆在家里玩捉迷藏時(shí)不小心把一個(gè)很貴重的花瓶摔碎了。兄弟倆認(rèn)識(shí)到了自己的錯(cuò)誤,最后他們用自己存下來(lái)的錢(qián)買(mǎi)了一個(gè)花瓶作為賠償。 1.A.decided　　　　　　　　B.expected C.pretended D.happened 答案A 解析根據(jù)文章第一句“Mum said they might not be back until after eleven.”可知,母親說(shuō)他們可能要到11點(diǎn)以后才回來(lái),所以“我”和Greg才決定(decided)玩捉迷藏。expect“期望”;pr

26、etend“假裝”;happen“碰巧”。 2.A.time B.space C.light D.work 答案B 解析句意:除了前屋外,其他地方都沒(méi)有足夠的空間(space)供“我們”玩捉迷藏了。 3.A.puzzle B.reason C.problem D.answer 答案C 解析根據(jù)該句中的“we were not allowed in there by ourselves”可知,“我們”想去前屋玩游戲,但問(wèn)題(problem)是“我們”不被允許單獨(dú)去那里。puzzle“謎;難題”。 4.A.Moreover B.Instead C.Therefore D.Any

27、way 答案D 解析根據(jù)下文可知,“我們”最后還是去前屋玩捉迷藏了,故本句意為:無(wú)論如何(anyway),“我們”想要冒險(xiǎn)試試。moreover“而且”;instead“代替”;therefore“因此”。 5.A.freely B.quickly C.excitedly D.carefully 答案D 解析根據(jù)該句中的“cautious”可知,“我們”剛開(kāi)始很小心地(carefully)走動(dòng)。freely“自由地”;quickly“快速地”;excitedly“激動(dòng)地”。 6.A.heard B.followed C.discovered D.taken 答案C 解析根據(jù)

28、當(dāng)時(shí)的情景可推知,當(dāng)“我”在躲藏中被Greg發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)以后,我跳了出來(lái)。此處為過(guò)去分詞discovered做狀語(yǔ),意為“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。follow“跟隨”。 7.A.excitement B.horror C.joy D.disappointment 答案B 解析根據(jù)下文中的“I felt my right elbow(手肘) striking something hard.”以及“We heard a crash.”可知,“我”知道闖禍了,所以我感到一陣驚恐(horror)。excitement“激動(dòng)”;joy“高興”;disappointment“失望”。 8.A.

29、after B.before C.when D.until 答案B 解析根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的情景以及本句中的“Even”可知,甚至在“我們”轉(zhuǎn)身查看之前(before),“我們”就已經(jīng)知道是花瓶摔碎了。 9.A.permission B.information C.explanation D.instruction 答案C 解析句意:當(dāng)父母回來(lái)看到花瓶碎片時(shí),“我們”知道任何的解釋(explanation)都反而會(huì)激發(fā)他們的憤怒。permission“允許”;information“信息”;instruction“指導(dǎo)”。 10.A.must B.might C.could D.wou

30、ld 答案C 解析根據(jù)上文中的“Mum ordered us to sit on the bare floor”可知,母親很生氣并責(zé)問(wèn)“我們”:“你們兩個(gè)怎么能(could)做這樣的事情呢?” 11.A.polite B.frightened C.annoyed D.stupid 答案B 解析對(duì)于母親的責(zé)問(wèn),“我們”由于很害怕(frightened),什么都回答不出來(lái)。polite“禮貌的”;annoyed“惱怒的”;stupid“愚蠢的”。 12.A.questioned B.answered C.dismissed D.forted 答案C 解析根據(jù)該句中的“staye

31、d there alone by herself”可知,母親遣散(dismissed)了“我們”,獨(dú)自一人呆在那里。question“詢問(wèn)”;answer“回答”;fort“安慰”。 13.A.slept B.listened C.worked D.talked 答案D 解析根據(jù)該句中的“struggling to decide what we might do”可知,“我們”整個(gè)晚上都在談?wù)?talked)“我們”該怎么做才能彌補(bǔ)(make up for)我們所犯的錯(cuò)誤。 14.A.make up B.carry on C.look after D.get away 答案A

32、解析解析同上。make up“彌補(bǔ)”;carry on“繼續(xù)”;look after“照顧”;get away“遠(yuǎn)離”。 15.A.more B.enough C.less D.some 答案B 解析句意:“我們”希望“我們”存下來(lái)的錢(qián)足夠(enough)買(mǎi)一個(gè)花瓶(作為賠償)。 16.A.after B.through C.with D.for 答案B 解析緊接上文,“我們”第二天出發(fā)去搜尋(searched through)每一家當(dāng)?shù)厣痰瓴⒔K于買(mǎi)到了一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的花瓶。search (through)“搜查”;search for“尋找”。 17.A.remained B.s

33、tayed C.arrived D.left 答案C 解析句意:當(dāng)“我們”靜靜地到(arrived)家后,“我們”把花瓶交給(presented)了父母。remain“留下;保持”。 18.A.spared B.served C.connected D.presented 答案D 解析spare“寬恕;抽出(時(shí)間等)”;serve“服務(wù)”;connect“連接”。根據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。 19.A.came B.reached C.watched D.cried 答案B 解析根據(jù)該句中的“took it from Greg and then passed it to Mum”可知,父親伸出手(reached out),接過(guò)花瓶,然后遞給母親。reach out“伸手拿”;watch out“小心”。 20.A.sorry B.proud C.delighted D.clumsy 答案A 解析根據(jù)上下文可知,母親雖然在嘆息,但“我們”相信父母肯定能體會(huì)到“我們”的歉意(sorry)。sorry“懊悔的,感到歉意的”;proud“驕傲的,自豪的”;delighted“高興的”;clumsy“笨拙的”。