2020屆高考英語一輪練習(xí) Unit 1 Friendship 新人教版必修1（廣東專版）

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1、必修1·Unit 1 一、語法填空　專題訓(xùn)練(一) 巧用派生詞，做好語法填空(1) ◆ 技巧點撥 　　　動詞、介詞、冠詞、物主代詞等詞后一般接名詞或動名詞，如果所給單詞是其它詞類，就要將其改為名詞，并注意名詞數(shù)的變化。如果所給單詞為動詞，就需在原動詞后加-ing將其變?yōu)閯用~。要將其它詞類變?yōu)槊~，需熟悉構(gòu)成名詞的后綴，對所給詞做相應(yīng)改變。 常用的名詞后綴主要有： 動詞＋～al/or/er→名詞 survive survival 動詞＋～ment→名詞 manage management 動詞＋～ion/tion/sion→名詞 express invent

2、expression invention 形容詞＋～ness→名詞 crazy craziness 動詞/形容詞＋～th→名詞 grow (v.生長) growth(n.生長) ～ship結(jié)尾的名詞 professor (n.教授) professorship (n.教授資格) ～y結(jié)尾的名詞 honest (adj.誠實的) honesty(n.誠實) 如： (1)His carelessness (careful) resulted in the terrible accident. (2)He was one of the visitors (vi

3、sit) who thought highly of Tom，their guide. ◆ 活學(xué)活用 (一)用所給單詞的適當形式填空 I hated __1__(wait)for her for hours without __2__(know)when on earth she would come. On her __3__(arrive)，she would always hug me，promising never to be late again. I used to stare at her in __4__ (angry)，telling her frankly that

4、her __5__(arrive)late made me angry and that I wanted to end our __6__(relate)．However，she never seemed to be __7__(angrily)．She told me that she always thought of me as one of her best __8__(friendly) and if I left her，that would be a severe __9__(punish) to her. Finally we reached an __10__(agree)

5、 that we would still be good friends，but she mustn't be late again. (二)(2020;2020年廣東卷改編)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。說出第2,5,9題的解題思路。 A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water.__1__water was sweet. He filled his leather __2__ (contain)

6、 so that he could bring some back to an elder __3__ had been his teacher. After a four- day journey，the young man__4__(present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink，smiled__5__(warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home with a happy heart.

7、 After the student left，the teacher let __6__student taste the water. He spit it out，__7__(say) it was awful. Apparently，it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher，“Sir，the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like __8__？” The teacher replied，“You tasted t

8、he water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of __9__ (kind) and love. Nothing could be __10__ (sweet)．” We understand this lesson best that we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace，the proper response is appreciation. We

9、 love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. 二、完形填空 A..(2020;2020年廣州一模)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 The ups and downs of life may seem unpredictable. But scientists know there are clear 1 that almost all people share. Even if you’ve passed your “best”, you still have othe

10、r 2 years to come. Certain important high-points come later in life. When are you 3 ? From 18 to 25, according to I.Q. scores; but you’re wiser and more 4 with increasing age. At around 30, metal abilities begin to decline, 5 your ability to do maths. But your ability to complete other tas

11、ks 6 . For example, your vocabulary increases over time. At 60, your brain 7 almost four times as much information as it did at age 21. Because of this, some psychologists suggest that “maturity quotients” (M.Q.) be used to measure intelligence for 8 . When are you happiest? You have the bes

12、t 9 sense of yourself from 15 to 24, when you feel energetic all the time. The best professional sense is from 40 to 49. Before age 24, we believe that our happiest years are yet to 10 , but when we are over 30, we believe that they’re behind us. After age 30, we’re more 11 and don’t view happ

13、iness as a goal in itself. If we maintain our health, achieve professional and emotional goals, then 12 , we feel, will follow. When are you most creative? Generally between 30 and 39, but it 13 with different professions. The high-points in areas such as science and economics come 14 — most

14、Nobel prize winners did their top research in their 20’s and 30’s — but for people who keep an active mind, there is no upper age 15 . 1．A．plans B．lives C．patterns D．predictions 2．A．good B．stranger C．interesting D．difficult 3．A．best B．smartest C．most mature D．most ski

15、lled 4．A．powerful B．energetic C．experienced D．satisfied 5．A．generally B．specially C．mainly D．particularly 6．A．climbs B．stops C．matters D．works 7．A．recognizes B．posseses C．communicates D．receives 8．A．babies B．teenagers C．a(chǎn)dults D．elders 9．A．mental B．emotional C．phys

16、ical D．personal 10．A．come B．last C．remember D．disappear 11．A．confident B．realistic C．hopeful D．grateful 12．A．wealth B．sharpness C．wisdom D．happiness 13．A．a(chǎn)grees B．varies C goes D．ends 14．A．early B．naturally C．unexpectedly D．recently 15．A．demand B．reaso

17、n C．choice D．limit B.(2020;2020年重慶卷改編)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 Introduction to Letters to Sam Dear Reader， Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book.When my __1__，Sam，was born，my heart was filled with joy.I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 yea

18、rs before then，and I have been __2__ ill many times.So I wondered if I would have the__3__ to tell Sam what I had__4__. For years I have been hosting a program on the __5__ and writing articles for a magazine.Being unable to move freely，I have learned to sit still and keep my heart __6__，exchanging

19、 thoughts with thousands of listeners and readers.So when Sam was born，I ___7__ to tell him about school and friendship，romance and work，love and everything else.That's how I started to write these letters.I hoped that Sam would__8__them sooner or later. However，that expedition __9__ when Sam showe

20、d signs of autism(自閉癥)at the age of two.He had actually stopped talking before the discovery of the signs.He __10___ to communicate with others，even the family members.That was __11__ for me but didn't stop me writing on.I realized that I had even more now to tell him.I wanted him to __12__what it m

21、eans to be “different ”from others，and learn how to fight against the misfortune he'll __13__ as I myself，his grandfather，did.I just __14__ if I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life. Now，as the book has been published，I have been given the chance.Every chapter in the book is

22、a letter to Sam：some about my life，and all about what it means to be a ___15__. Daniel Gottliebe 1．A.son　　　　　　　　　 　B．nephew C．brother D．grandson 2．A.seriously B．mentally C．slightly D．quietly 3．A.ability B．time C．courage

23、 D．responsibility 4．A.written B．suffered C．observed D．lost 5．A.radio B．television C．stage D．bed 6．A.warm B．broken C．closed D．open 7．A.began B．stopped C

24、．forgot D．decided 8．A.find B．read C．collect D．keep 9．A.developed B．disappeared C．changed D．a(chǎn)rrived 10．A.tried B．refused C．regretted D．hoped 11．A.exciting

25、 B．a(chǎn)cceptable C．strange D．heartbreaking 12．A.understand B．explain C．believe D．question 13．A.fear B．face C．know D．cause 14．A.felt B．guessed C．saw D．doubted 15．A.t

26、eacher B．child C．man D．writer 三、閱讀理解　專題訓(xùn)練(一) 閱讀中的猜詞技巧(1) 特別提醒：我們分6個單元介紹了閱讀中猜測詞義的常用方法。但是必須牢記，各種方法都是互相聯(lián)系的，都離不開對上下文的正確理解，所謂詞不離句、句不離篇講的就是這個道理。在解題時，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該綜合運用各種方法，根據(jù)對語篇的理解，結(jié)合上下文，對生詞或短語或句子的含義作出準確的、合乎邏輯的猜測。 根據(jù)文章的綜合信息推測詞義 ◆ 技巧點撥 根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系推測詞義是指運用語言知識來分析和判斷相關(guān)信息之

27、間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，然后結(jié)合上下文，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義或大致意思。在解題時，我們可以利用上下文的線索、暗示信息或單詞的作用和關(guān)系準確推測詞義。如： 　(1)“My son has been in school for twelve years and he cannot write a sentence，” Tom shouted to the headmaster.“You've made him an illiterate.” (2)One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of per

28、fect information.Quite_the_reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with imperfect information. (1) 依據(jù)信息“上學(xué)12年”、還“不會寫一個句子”、“大喊大叫”，可知家長在指責(zé)校方，也就不難猜出illiterate意為“文盲”。 (2) 前句說“關(guān)于商業(yè)的一個錯誤觀點是商業(yè)可以看做完美的信息游戲”，而后句說“商業(yè)、政治、生活本身是非常不完美的信息游戲”，由此推之quite the reverse的意思是“正好相反”。 ◆

29、活學(xué)活用 (一)猜出下列句中劃線單詞的意思 1．Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to health.They also regard drinking as harmful. 2．The hot-air balloon took off.It was buoyant in the air as a rose leaf in water. 3．The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries

30、are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 4．The child is as fragile as glass. 5．He fell into a ditch and lay there，semiconscious，for a few minutes. (二)閱讀下列短文，按要求完成下列讀寫任務(wù) (2020;2020年重慶卷)One morning more than thirty years ago，I entered the Track Kitchen，a restau

31、rant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的)to the most powerful came for breakfast.I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly，unshaven man，who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.I asked if I might join him.He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. W

32、e cautiously began a conversion and spoke about a wide rang of things.We never introduced ourselves.I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee，I asked， “May I get you something ？” “A c

33、offee would be nice.” Then I bought him a cup of coffee，we talked more，and he accepted another cup of coffee.Finally，I rose to leave，wished him well，and headed for the exit.At the door I met one of my friends.He asked， “How did you get to know Mr.Galbreath？” “Who？” “The man you were sitting with

34、.He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs.” I could hardly believe it.I was buying，offering a free breakfast，and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr.Galbreath changed my life.Now I try to treat everyone with respect，no matter who I think

35、they are，and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity. Ⅰ.以約30詞概括文章大意 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________Ⅱ.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最

36、佳答案 1．What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean? A．Unfriendly.　　　　　　B．Untidy. C．Gentle. D．Kind. 2．The author bought coffee for the old man because______. A．he thought the old man was poor B．he wanted to start a conversation C．he intended to show his politeness D．he would

37、 like to thank the old man 3．How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A．Proud. B．Pitiful. C．Surprised. D．Regretful 4．What is the message mainly expressed in the story? A．We should learn to be generous. B．It is honorable to help those in need.

38、 C．People in high positions are not like what we expect. D．We should avoid judging people by their appearances. 參考答案 一、 (一) 1．waiting　 2.knowing 　3.arrival 4．Anger 　5.arriving 　6.relation 7．a(chǎn)ngry　 8.friends　 9.punishment　 10.agreement (二) 1．解析：由上文a spring of cle

39、ar water，第一次提到water，下文——water緊接著第二次特指。 答案：The 2．解析：contain是動詞，這里需要名詞形式，v.＋er—n.。 答案：container 3．解析：who 引導(dǎo)定語從句限制elder且做從句的主語。 答案：who 4．解析：本句缺少謂語，本文敘述故事，所以用過去時。 答案：presented 5．解析：用副詞形式修飾動詞smile。 答案：warmly 6．解析：老師叫 “另一個學(xué)生”嘗嘗水的味道。 答案：another 7．解析：現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語。 答案：saying 8．解析：it指代前面的名詞 “water”

40、。這個學(xué)生認為老師假裝喜歡那些 “水”。 答案：it 9．解析：介詞后面接名詞， adj.＋～ness—n. 答案：kindness 10．解析：沒有比這更甜美的了。否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級的意思。 答案：sweeter 二、 A.答案 1—5:CABCD 6—10: ABCCA 11—15:BDBAD B答案 1．解析：下文講到作者是Sam的grandfather，由此可知此處答案為grandson。 答案：D 2．解析：“我” 整天坐在輪椅里，擔(dān)心沒有時間給孫子講述我看到的一切，說明“我”病得挺嚴重的。 答案：A 3．解析：我擔(dān)心沒有時間給孫子講述我經(jīng)

41、歷的一切。 答案：B 4．解析：“What I had observed”表示“我的見聞?！? 答案：C 5．解析：下文有l(wèi)isteners and readers，listeners與radio對應(yīng)，readers與magazine對應(yīng)。 答案：A 6．解析：這里指我敞開心扉，與讀者及觀眾交流思想。 答案：D 7．解析：我決定跟他講教育、友誼、浪漫、工作和愛情。 答案：D 8．解析：我希望我的孫子總有一天會“讀”這些信。 答案：B 9．解析：當發(fā)現(xiàn)Sam患有自閉癥時，所有這些都發(fā)生了“改變”。 答案：C 10．解析：他“拒絕”與人交流。 答案：B 11．解析：那

42、是“令人心碎”的。 答案：D 12．解析：我想讓他“懂得”與眾不同意味著什么。 答案：A 13．解析：他要像我這樣“面對”不幸。 答案：B 14．解析：我“懷疑”能否在有生之年把我想要說的都寫出來。 答案：D 15．解析：做一個“男人”意味著什么。 答案：C 三、 (一) 1．解析：從also推知harmful與detrimental同義，意思是“不利的，有害的”。 答案：有害的，不利的 2．解析：從as a rose leaf in water(水中的玫瑰花瓣)可知buoyant是形容詞，意為“漂浮的”。 答案：漂浮的 3．解析：從wars and great

43、 scientific discoveries可知epochal的意思是 “重要的”。 答案：重要的 4．解析：常識告訴我們“玻璃易碎”，此處用以描繪人，意思是“脆弱的”。 答案：脆弱的 5．解析：他掉進溝里，躺在那幾分鐘，劃線單詞的意思是“半清醒的、半昏迷的”。 答案：半昏迷的 (二) Ⅰ Feeling pity for a “poor” stranger，the author offered a free breakfast to a rich and powerful man in the Track Kitchen.This experience tells him

44、to treat everyone with respect.(31 words) Ⅱ 1．解析：詞義猜測題。從上文的unshaven(沒有修面的)可知disheveled應(yīng)與unshaven的意思接近。綜合全文內(nèi)容可知，這位先生不修邊幅，穿著破爛，以致讓作者犯了以貌取人的錯誤。 所以答案為B。 答案：B 2．解析：第二段的I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat說明答案為A。 答案：A 3．解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“I could hardly believe it.”可知作者感到很驚訝。 答案：C 4．解析：本文給人們的啟示是：不要以貌取人。 答案：D