小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解與練習(xí)(全)-

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1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。構(gòu)成：1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如： We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：Ma

2、ry likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句：1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt o

3、ften play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)1. We often_(play) in the playground.2. He _(get) up at

4、 six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning？4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every d

5、ay?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?改句子1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2. I have many books. （改為否定句） 3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改為否定句） 4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句） 5. I wat

6、ch TV every day. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句） 6. David has a goal. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句） 7. We have four lessons.（否定句） 8. Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句） 9. My dog runs fast. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句） 否定句： 10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑問(wèn)句： 否定句： I usually play football on Friday afternoon.一般疑問(wèn)句： 否定句： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情。結(jié)構(gòu):be +doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：

7、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)志：now, look, listen動(dòng)詞的ing形式有如下方法： A. 在動(dòng)詞后直接加ing: go-going , wash-washing,flyflying B. 以單個(gè)元音+單個(gè)輔音+e結(jié)尾 ， 去掉e加ing,如 ：drivedriving, ride-riding C. 某些單詞要雙寫詞尾的字母：swim- swimming runrunning get-getting練習(xí)：1Mr Zheng (read) a book now.2. The rabbits (jump) now.3. Look ! Tom and John (swim).4. My brother (

8、make) a kite in his room now.5. Look! The bus (stop).6. We (have) an English class now.7. Listen! Someone is (come).8. They (catch) butterflies now.9. He (do) an experiment now.10. They (collect) stamps now.11. Look! He (dive) now.12. Tom ( watch ) TV in the dining room.13. The doctors (get ) off th

9、e bus.14. Come on. They ( leave ) now.15. It (eat) fish now.16. My father (work) in the office now.17. Where is your mother? She (answer) the phone. 18. The teachers (run) now一般將來(lái)時(shí) :一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二

10、、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing

11、 this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1. 問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 問(wèn)干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. W

12、hen is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do nex

13、t Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to

14、 get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomo

15、rrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends?

16、I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _

17、 (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) :表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。概念：表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、行為，以及過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5

18、, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞When he was young,he ran fast.I saw him in the park yesterday.There were 2 birds on the tree just now.She was short last year,but now she is tall.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。She was not short last year.They were not busy last week.He did not go to work yesterday.Tom d

19、id not watched TV last night.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則變化直接加“ed”：workworked 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的加“d”：livelived以輔音 字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加“ed”：studystuied以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母加“ed”：stopstopped 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式不規(guī)則變化dodid readread sitsat runranhavehad hashad iswas arewereseesaw makemade gowent eatate一般過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)I.用

20、所給的動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。He _(visit) the Great Wall last year.2.We_(have) a good time yesterday.3.We often _(go) to school by bus last year.4.I _(live)in the village when I was a child.5.Mike_(see) a big tiger in the nature park last year.6.Sam_ (do) the housework yesterday.7._(do) you _(enjoy) yourself yesterd

21、ay?8._(do)you _(play) the violin in the artroom yesterday?9. I _ (eat) a big pizza yesterday.10.There_ (be) many sheep on the farm last year.11. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.12. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.13. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)14. _ you _ (visit) your

22、relatives last Spring Festival?15. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.II.選擇填空( ) 1. She watered the flowers _. A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning ( ) 2.What _ Mike do last weekend ? A do B does C did( ) 3. I _ my room last Sunday. A cleaned B clean C am cleaning ( ) 5. _ you _ TV last

23、night . A Do, watch B Did, watch C Did, watched( ) 6.-Did your father write an e-mail yesterday ？ A Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he dont( ) 7.They _ on a trip in February ,2007. A are going B going C went( ) 9. _ he _ football two days ago? A Does , play B Did , played C Did , play三改錯(cuò)題(請(qǐng)改正每個(gè)句子中

24、的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)1How is Jane yesterday? _2He go to school by bus last week. _3He goes home at 6:00 last month. _5Did you saw him just now ?_8He wait for you three hours ago. _四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. The children had a good time in the park.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_4. I

25、read an English book last week否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯定/否定回答：_5. My brother was in the park just now.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_.簡(jiǎn)單句陳述句 Im a good teacher.Ive got a new sweater.Shes got a brother.疑問(wèn)句 ( 1.)一般疑問(wèn)句Do you often watch TV? Have you got a new book?（2.）特殊疑問(wèn)句 who how many how much whose whenWhen did you come back?Whats

26、 your name?祈使句 (1.) Please sit down.(2.) Lets go to school.感嘆句 (1.) What a fine day!(2. ) How fast he runs!并列句 and ,but ,so(1.). Hello, Im Lingling and Im from China.（2). I like apples but Daming likes bananas.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 例：There is a cup on the desk.

27、 There is some coffee in the cup. There are some cups on the desk.句型轉(zhuǎn)換:(1) 改成否定句：There be句型的否定式，在be后加上not。some 改成 any例：There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. There are no pictures on the wall.(2) 改成一般疑問(wèn)句：There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化，把be動(dòng)詞放到句首， 其它照抄，some改為any 肯定回答：Yes，there

28、is. 或 Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there isnt. 或 No，there arent.例：There is a bike behind the tree. Is there a bike behind the tree?肯定回答：Yes, there is. 否定回答：No, there isnt.There are some birds on the tree. Are there any birds on the tree?肯定回答：Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there arent.考點(diǎn)：“就近原則” 例：There is a cu

29、p on the desk.There is a cup and two eggs on the desk.There are two eggs and a cup on the desk.【練習(xí)】一、根據(jù)句意填空1. 桌子上有一本書(shū)和兩支鋼筆。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 錢包里有些錢。There _ some money in the purse. 3. 在吉姆的書(shū)包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag. 4. 我們學(xué)校有許多班。There _ many _ in our school. 5. 水里有一

30、些魚(yú)。There _ _ in the water.二、選擇填空1There _ no tea in the cup Ais Bare Chas Dbe 2There is some _ on the plate Aapple Bbread Cbanana Dfish 4There _ some paper and a pen on the desk Ais Bare Chave Dhas 5There _ not any water in the glass Ahas Bis Care 6. There isnt _ paper in the box Aany Bsome Ca Dan 7T

31、here _ some water in the bottle Aare Bis Chas Dhave 8How many _ are there in your classroom？ Adesks Bdesk Cchair Ddoor 9. There _ any rice in the bowl. A. are B. is C. isnt D. arent 10. There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table. A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much 11.There _ pencil-bo

32、x, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some 12. Are there _ pictures on the wall ? No , there arent _ .A .any any B some any C. some some D. any some三、將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句 1.There is some water in the bottle. 否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_2.There are some apples in the box.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_四用have, has orthereis,thereare填空1._alibraryintheschool?2.WhatdoesMike_?3._anybooksinthebag?4. _astory-bookonthetable.5._anyflowersinthevase?6.Howmanystudents_intheclassroom?7._somecoffeeinthecup.