人教八上第一單元到第三單元知識點

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1、 1.復合不定代詞 構成 :由 some， any， everyone， no 加上 one， body ， thing 構成的不定代詞稱為復合不定代詞。具體見下表 : one body thing some someone somebody something any anyone anybody anything every everyone anybody anything no no one nobody nothing 2.用法 : There is someone outside the door.

2、 門外有個人。 I dont have anything to say today. 我今天沒有任何事想說。 Money isnt everything. 金錢不是所有。 3.復合不定代詞被形容詞修飾時，形容詞要放在復合不定代詞后面。這和一般的形容詞修飾名詞，形容詞要放在名詞前不一樣。 形容詞修飾普通名詞 : There is a beatuiful girl standing under the tree. 形容詞修飾復合不定代詞 :I have something important to tell you. There is nothin

3、g wrong with radio. 4.復合不定代詞表示單數概念，做主語時，謂語動詞用單數。 Everything begins to grow in spring. 5.some_不定代詞 通常用于肯定句中，而 any_不定代詞則多用于否定句和疑問句中。但在 表示請求，建議等的疑問句中，一般用 some_的不定代詞。 Would you like something to drink? （2019?濟南） _Sir，_____ called you just now.I told him to phone again.20minutes later.

4、 ______ _Ok.Thanks， Nancy. A.someone B.nobody C. anyone D.everyone （ 2019?廣西來賓） _Dear classmates，may I have your attention ，please? I have _________ to.tell you . Aimportant something B important anything C something important Danything important. 1._Do you have ______ to say for

5、 yourself? _No， I have ______ to say. A something ； everything B nothing ； something C everything ； anything Danything ； nothing 2._would you like _____ to eat? __Yes， please. A something B anything C some things D any things 3.Water is important to ________ ， so there ar

6、e many water festivals around the world. A everyone B nobody Csomebody D something 二.一般過去時的規(guī)則動詞與不規(guī)則動詞 第 1 頁 1.規(guī)則動詞過去式的構成和發(fā)音 一般的動詞 直接加— ed 以字母 e 結尾的動詞 只加— d 以輔音字母加 y 結尾 變 y 為 i，再加— ed 的動詞 重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動 先 雙 寫 這 個 輔 音 字 詞，末尾只有一個輔 母，再加— ed.

7、 音字母  watch —watched help — helped work — worked love— loved arrive— arrived live— lived study— studied cry—cried worry — worried shop— shopped stop —stopped  讀音規(guī)則 : 清輔音后 讀 /t/ ；濁輔音和元音后讀 /d/ ；輔音 /t/ 與 /d/ 后讀 /id/ 2.不規(guī)則動

8、詞的過去式的變化各異。需要特殊記憶。必須牢記。 （1）動詞的過去式和動詞原形一樣 let— let put — put read — read cut — cut （2）遇見 i 改為 a swim — swam sing— sang begin— began sit— sat give — gave drink — drank 口訣 :游泳唱歌后 開始坐下來 給點喝的吧 i 就變?yōu)? a （ 3）過去式以 ought 和 aught 結尾的單詞 bring —brought buy —bought th

9、ink — thought catch— caught teach— taught （4）中間去 e 末尾加 t feel— felt keep— kept sleep—slept sweep— swept （5）把 i 變?yōu)?o ride — rode drive — drove write wrote （6） ow/aw 變?yōu)?ew know —knew grow— grew throw — threw draw— drew 八年級上冊第 142 頁不規(guī)則動詞表需要聽寫。 每天聽好。 吧不規(guī)則動詞表

10、打印出來讓學生默 寫。 （7）以 d 結尾的單詞，把 d 變?yōu)?t build — built lend — lent send— sent spend— spent （ 2019?北京） ___Where did you go last weekend? __ I______ to the Great Wall. A go B went 第 2 頁 C will do D have gone __Your brother is an excellent basketball player. So he

11、is.He ______ to play basketball three years ago. A begins B began C beginning D to begin

12、 第 3 頁 unit2 How often do you exercise ? 1.頻度副詞的含義 （1）表示事情發(fā)生頻率的副詞稱為頻度副詞，常用的頻度副詞有 always， usually， often ， sometimes ， seldom，hardly ，hardly ever ，never，事情發(fā)生的頻率是否頻繁，這些頻度副詞的差異體現在哪里。 （2）表示具體的頻率， 次數時，一次用 once，兩次用 twice ，三次及三次已上用基數詞 +times， 講一下這里的 time 是啥意思。 2.頻度副詞在句中的位置

13、放在實義動詞前， be 動詞，助動詞或者情態(tài)動詞之后，有時為了強調，也可以放在句首。 We never eat junk food. Lucy is sometime very busy. Usually my fathergets up early. 3.對頻度副詞進行提問，用 how often How often do you exercise? Hardly ever. _Do you know the famous basketball player Kobe has said goodbye to the NBA? _Yes.I m

14、afraid.I will________ see him on screen. A sometimes B often C always D seldom How s Susan? Oh， I ______ see her because she lives abroad. A always B often C almost D hardly 1. He is the first to get to school every day. He is _____ late for school. A alway

15、s B often C sometimes D never 2 Ms.Lin is very popular with the.students. Yes. Her students are ______livelyvand interesting. A always B sometimes C hardly D never 3.We ______ play sports on school days . You know， we dont have enough time. A often B usually C hardly D

16、ever 4.I dont konw you take a bus to school. Oh， I _______ take a bus， but it is snowing today. A hardly B often C sometimes Dusually 5.________ do you have an English test? Once a month A How often B how long C how soon

17、 第 4 頁 Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister 形容詞和副詞的比較級 1.形容詞，副詞比較級的含義 形容詞和副詞的比較級表示更 .........，用于兩者之間的比較，說明前者比后者更 ..... 那為啥要強調兩者之間的比較，因為三者或者三者以上的比較，需要用到最高級 2.形容詞，副詞的比較級的構成 （ 1）規(guī)則變化 分類 構成方式 示例 一般情況 在詞尾加 er tall — taller fa

18、st— faster 以字母 e 結尾的詞 在詞尾加 r nice—nicer 重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個 先雙寫改輔音字母，再加 er thin — thinner 輔音字母 wet — wetter fat— fatter 輔音字母 +y 結尾的雙音節(jié)詞 先變 y 為 i，再加 er easy— easily early—earily 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞 在詞前加 more interesting — more interesting

19、 comfortable — more comfortable beautiful —more beautiful 第 5 頁 （ 2）不規(guī)則變化 部分不規(guī)則形容詞或副詞的比較級 : good/well —— better bad/badly —— wrose many/much —— more littl

20、e —— less far—— farther/further old —— older/elder 3.比較級常用句型結構 （ 1）甲 +be+形容詞比較級 +than+乙 甲+實義動詞 +副詞比較級 +than+乙 Tom is taller than Kate. I got up earlier than my mother . I play basketball better than John. （ 2）甲 +be +倍數 +形容詞比較級 +than+乙或甲+實義動詞 +倍數 +副詞比較級 +than+乙 This ro

21、om is three times bigger than that one. （3）甲 +be+the +形容詞比較級 +of the two （ +....）表示甲是兩者中較 .....的 My brother is the taller of the two boys. （ 4)" 比較級 +and 比較級 "或者 "more and more+ 原級 "表示越來越 ..... The day is getting cooler and cooler The flowers are more and more beautiful. （ 5） the

22、+ 比較級， the+比較級表示越 ......，越 ...... The more careful you are ，the fewer mistakes you will make. （6）疑問詞 +be+形容詞比較級，甲 or 乙 ? Which is bigger ， the earth or the moon? 4.常見的修飾形容詞比較級的前置詞 （1） much/a lot/far+ 形容詞比較級表示加深比較程度， ......得多 He felt a lot better today. （2） a bit/a little+

23、形容詞比較級，表示稍微 ....... I m a little taller than him. （3） even＋形容詞比較級，表示甚至 ....，更加 .... This book is even more uesful than that one. 1.Although we are twins ， Im ________ than my brother. A outgoing B more outgoing C most outgoing D the most outgoing. 2.If more people give

24、 up driving cars ，the air will get much________ in a few years. A clean B cleaner C the cleaner D the cleanest. 3._Time is money. _But I think time is _________money. Aas important as B more important as Cthe most important in D more important than 4._What do you think of Tom

25、s speech? 第 6 頁 ___No one does _______ in our class. Agood Bbetter C well Dbest 5.The more you smile ，the _______ you will feel. A happy B happier C happily D more happily 6.Who is __________， Tom or.Jim? A outgoing B more heavy C thinner D har

26、d— working 7.I am sorry this coat is not big enough. I want a _______ one. A bigger B big C smaller D small 第 7 頁