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1、-The true father of American national literature-Mirror of AmericaMARK TWAIN Its me THE AGE OF REALISM How to define the Realistic Period inAmerican literary history? The period ranging from 1865 to l914 has been referred to as the Age of Realism in the literary history of the United States, which i
2、s actually a movement or tendency that dominated the spirit of American literature, especially American fiction, from the 1850s onwards. Realism was a reaction against Romanticism or a move away from the bias towards romance and self-creating fictions, and it paved the way to Modernism. Instead of t
3、hinking about the irrational, the imaginative, realists touched upon social and political realities and pressures in the post-Civil War society. Three dominant figures are William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, and Henry James. Pen name :Mark Twain Real name :Samuel Langhorne Clemens Birthday : November
4、30, 1835 Date of death : April 21, 1910 status: an American author , humorist and orator Achievement: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （ the latter often called “The Great American Novel”. ） Rank : “The true father of American national literature.” ”The gre
5、atest American humorist of his age”BRIEF INTRODUCTION Family background Birthplace : Florida Family : a Virginian family Sibling : Twain was the sixth of seven children, but only three of his siblings survived childhood Father : a local lawyer Mother :a Virginian Age: 11-his father died Age: 15-work
6、ed as a typesetter and contributor (of articles and humorous sketches for a newspaper his brother owned)Age: 18-worked as a printer in New York City (joined the printers union, and educated himself in public libraries in the evenings, finding wider information than at a conventional school)Life expe
7、rience Twain used different pen names before deciding on “Mark Twain”. He signed humorous and imaginative sketches as “Josh”. Additionally, he used “Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass” for a series of humorous letters.His pen name Mark Twain came from his years working on Mississippi riverboats. Twain is an
8、 archaic term for “two”. Mark Twain means that “The water is 12 feet deep and it is safe to pass”.Life experience(source of name) Mark Twain was once the pen name of one captain Isaiah Sellers, who used to write river news for News Orleans Picayune. One day young Samuel wrote a rude and crude satire
9、 which was leveled at Captain Isaiah Sellers. And in his satire he made rude game of his reminiscences. This satire was published in the New Orleans True Delta. And Isaiah Sellers was deeply wounded. He never published another paragraph and never used his pen name since then. He died in1869, and Sam
10、uel was very regretted. So he used the pen name “Mark Twain” to write.Life experience(source of name) Throughout 1868, Twain and Olivia Langdon corresponded. Though she rejected his first marriage proposal, two months later, they were engaged. She came from a wealthy but liberal family, and through
11、her, he met , socialists, principled atheists and activists for womens rights and social equality, including Harriet Beecher Stowe (his next-door neighbor in Hartford), Frederick Douglass, and the writer and utopian socialist William Dean Howells, who became a long-time friend. They had three daught
12、ers . While they were living in Buffalo, their son Langdon died of diphtheria at age 19 months. The couples marriage lasted 34 years, until Olivias death in 1904. Life experience(marriage) Throughout 1868, Twain and Olivia Langdon corresponded. Though she rejected his first marriage proposal, two mo
13、nths later, they were engaged. She came from a wealthy but liberal family, and through her, he met , socialists, principled atheists and activists for womens rights and social equality, including Harriet Beecher Stowe (his next-door neighbor in Hartford), Frederick Douglass, and the writer and utopi
14、an socialist William Dean Howells, who became a long-time friend. They had three daughters . While they were living in Buffalo, their son Langdon died of diphtheria at age 19 months. The couples marriage lasted 34 years, until Olivias death in 1904. Throughout 1868, T ain and Olivia Langdon cor espo
15、nded. Though she rejected his first ar iage proposal, t o onths later, they ere engaged. She ca e fro a ealthy but liberal fa ily, and through her, he et , socialists, principled atheists and activists for o ens rights and social equality, including Har iet Be cher Sto e (his next-do r neighbor in H
16、artford), Frederick Douglas , and the riter and utopian socialist illia Dean Ho ells, ho beca e a long-ti e friend. They had thre daughters . hile they ere living in Buf alo, their son Langdon died of diphtheria at age 19 onths. The couples ar iage lasted 34 years, until Olivias death in 1904. In th
17、e 1870s and 1880s, Twain and his family summered at Quarry Farm in Elmira, the home of his wifes sister, Susan . During his 17 years in Hartford (18741891) and over 20 summers at Quarry Farm, Twain wrote many of his classic , among them ). 1896: his daughter, Susy, died of meningitis. 1904:Olivias d
18、eath in 1904 1909: Jeans (daughter)death.1909: his close friend Henry Rogers died suddenly. Twain began his autobiography in the North American ReviewApril 21, 1910: died of a heart attack in Redding, ConnecticutLIFE EXPERIENCE(LATER LIFE AND DEATH) Twains funeral was at the Old Brick Presbyterian C
19、hurch in New York.66 He is buried in his wifes family plot at Woodlawn Cemetery in Elmira, New York. The Langdon family plot where he is buried is marked by a 12-foot (two fathoms, or mark twain) monument, placed there by his surviving daughter, Clara.LIFE EXPERIENCE(FUNERAL) *Early age: active and
20、humor*Mid-term: satire(sharper than JinXing and Bai Yansong)*Later period: pessimistic and desperate*His works almost touch upon every issue of his time such as politics , religion , slavery and the persecution of the Chinese and Jews. *Twain began his career writing light, humorous verse, but evolv
21、ed into a chronicler（年代史編者） of the vanities, hypocrisies and murderous acts of mankind. *rich humor, sturdy narrative and social criticism. *Twain was a master at rendering colloquial speech(口語)and helped to create and popularize a distinctive American literature built on American themes and languag
22、e. Many of Twains works have been suppressed at times for various reasons. Trilogy of Mississippi(密 西 西 比 河 三 部 曲 )Life on the Mississippi The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn LIFE ON THE MISSISSIPPIThis work is a memoir by Mark Twain detailing his days as a steamboat pilo
23、t on the Mississippi River before and after the American Civil War *Running for Governor競選州長*The 1,000,000 Bank-Note百萬英鎊*The Gilded Age鍍金時代*The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County ( his first story) 卡拉維拉斯縣馳名的跳蛙*The innocent abroad傻子出國記*The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg *Roughing It*The Adven
24、tures of Tom Sawyer *The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 馬克吐溫四大名著 Appreciation and analysisChapter XVI. We slept most all day， and started out at night， a little ways behind a monstrous long raft that was as long going by as a procession. She had four long sweeps at each end， so we judged she carried
25、 as many as thirty men， likely. She had five big wigwams aboard， wide apart， and an open camp fire in the middle， and a tall flag-pole at each end. There was a power of style about her. It amounted to something being a raftsman on such a craft as that. I got to feeling so mean and so miserable I mos
26、t wished I was dead. I fidgeted up and down the raft， abusing myself to myself， and Jim was fidgeting up and down past me. We neither of us could keep still. Every time he danced around and says， “ Dahs Cairo！ ” it went through me like a shot， and I thought if it was Cairo I reckoned I would die of
27、miserableness. Here was this nigger， which I had as good as helped to run away， coming right out flat-footed and saying he would steal his children children that belonged to a man I didnt even know； a man that hadnt ever done me no harm. I was sorry to hear Jim say that， it was such a lowering of hi
28、m. My conscience got to stirring me up hotter than ever， until at last I says to it， “ Let up on me it aint too late yet Ill paddle ashore at the first light and tell.” he says：“Pooty soon Ill be a-shoutn for joy， en Ill say， its all on accounts o Huck； Is a free man， en I couldnt ever ben free ef i
29、t hadn ben for Huck； Huck done it. Jim wont ever forgit you， Huck； yous de bes fren Jims ever had； en yous de only fren ole Jims got now.”*Appreciation and analysis Appreciation and analysis“ Hes white.” “ I reckon well go and see for ourselves.” “ I wish you would， ” says I， “ because its pap thats
30、 there， and maybe youd help me tow the raft ashore where the light is. Hes sick and so is mam and Mary Ann.” “ Well， ” says I， a-blubbering， “ Ive told everybody before， and they just went away and left us.” “ Poor devil， theres something in that. We are right down sorry for you， but we well， hang it， we dont want the small-pox， you see. Look here， Ill tell you what to do. Appreciation and analysis How does Huck , a boy with rebellious spirit, come to be a real hero in readers mind ?Finally ,we have to pass this Thank you
MarkTwain馬克吐溫英文介紹.ppt
