2020年全國卷Ⅰ高考英語試題及答案

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1、2020年全國卷Ⅰ高考英語試題及答案 A卷 注意事項： 1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。 2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。 3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分） 做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。 第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分） 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從

2、題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 【答案】C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. At a swimming pool. B. In a clothing shop. C. At a school lab. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 2. What will Tom do next? A. Turn d

3、own the music. B. Postpone the show. C. Stop practicing. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 3. What is the woman busy doing? A. Working on a paper. B. Tidying up the office. C. Organizing a party. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 4. When will Henry start his vacation? A. This weekend. B. Next week. C. At the

4、 end of August. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 5. What does Donna offer to do for Bill? A. Book a flight for him. B. Drive him to the airport. C. Help him park the car. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分） 聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘

5、的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。 聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。 6. Why does Pete call Lucy? A. To say that he’ll be late. B. To tell her about his work. C. To invite her to dinner. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 7. When is Pete going to see Lucy? A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 6:45 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 聽第7段材料，回答第8

6、至10題。 8.Why does Cathy want to quit her job？ A. She’ll join another firm. B. She’ll run her own business. C. She’s fed up with it. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 9. What is Mark’s attitude towards Cathy’s decision? A. Forgiving. B. Sympathetic. C. Supportive. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 10. What might Cath

7、y do for the present company? A. Apply for a project. B. Train a new person. C. Recommend an engineer. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。 11. How did the man feel about his performance today? A. Greatly encouraged. B. A bit dissatisfied. C. Terribly disappointed. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 12.

8、What did the man say helped him overcome the problem? A. Patience. B. Luck. C. Determination. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 13. What is the woman doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Holding a press conference. C. Hosting a ceremony. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。 14.What is next to the apartment b

9、uilding？ A. A restaurant. B. A laundry. C. A grocery store. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 15.Which is included in the rent？ A. Electricity. B. The Internet. C. Satellite TV. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 16.What does the woman think of the apartment？ A. It’s quite large. B. It’s well furnished. C. It’s worth the m

10、oney. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。 17. Where is Jeff from？ A. Liverpool. B. Coventry. C. Newcastle. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】B 18.Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff？ A. Pubs. B. Stadiums. C. Friends’ homes. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 19.Why does Jeff have to pick a team to suppo

11、rt？ A. To avoid being bothered. B. To open a conversation. C. To earn respect from others. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】A 20.What does Jeff mainly talk about？ A. England’s moment of success. B. English flag as a symbol of hope. C. England’s all-time favourite sport. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】C 第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

12、第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 A Train Information All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30. While Queensland Rail makes every effort

13、 to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services. Lost property（失物招領(lǐng)） Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Fr

14、iday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station. Public holidays On public holidays,generally a Sunday timetable operates.On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day,sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate

15、to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit .au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime. Customers using mobility devices Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance,please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17. Guardian trains (ou

16、tbound) Depart Origin Destination Arrive 6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm 7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm 8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm 11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am 21. What would you do get ticker information? A.Call 13 16 17 B. Visit transl

17、ink .com.au. C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule. 【分值】2分 【答案】C 22. At which station can you find the lost property office? A.Altandi. B.Roma Street. C.Varsity Lakes D. Fortitude Valley. 【分值】2分 【答案】B 23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lak

18、es? A.6:42pm B.7:29pm C.8:57pm. D.11:02pm. 【分值】2分 【答案】B B Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.There’s a welcomefamiliarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changedyou both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change,p

19、eople do.And that’s whatmakes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on ourpresent mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But withreading, it’s all about the present. It’s a

20、bout the now and what one contributes to the now,because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their ownweight. There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring isEmest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his

21、 classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitiousyet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (隨筆)about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: SelectedPoems,

22、 because poetry. And because Cortazar. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which mightadd to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful andnecessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them

23、. The bestbooks are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to growand read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 24. Why does the author like rereading? A.It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B.It’s a window to a whole new world. C.It’

24、s a substitute for drinking with a friend. D. It extends the understanding of oneself. 【分值】2分 【答案】D 25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!? A. It’s a brief account of a trip. B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man. C. It’s a record of a historic event. D. It’s about Hemin

25、gway’s friends in Paris. 【分值】2分 【答案】B 26. What does the underlined word＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value. 【分值】2分 【答案】B 27. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor. C. He’s very ambitious. D

26、. He teaches reading. 【分值】2分 【答案】A C Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics

27、is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接觸) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking suc

28、h an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn a

29、bout 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her r

30、esearch, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncom

31、mon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced race

32、r to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They are qualified for the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 【分值】2分 【答案】C 29. What advantag

33、e does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 【分值】2分 【答案】D 30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting

34、experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical checkup. C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 【分值】2分 【答案】A 31.Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant D. Conservative. 【分值】2分 【答案】B D The connection between pe

35、ople and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workpl

36、aces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leave

37、s to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest pro

38、jects has been to make plants grow（發(fā)光）in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used t

39、o light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps. in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switc

40、h＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（電源）—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during

41、transmission（傳輸）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates. C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants. 【分值】2分 【答案】D 33.

42、 What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer? A. To detect plants’ lack of water B. To change compositions of plants C. To make the life of plants longer. D. To test chemicals in plants. 【分值】2分 【答案】A 34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?

43、 A. They will speed up energy production. B. They may transmit electricity to the home. C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants. 【分值】2分 【答案】C 35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants?

44、 B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free? 【分值】2分 【答案】C 第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at time

45、s it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.36 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. ● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than

46、 theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world. ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could

47、have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂ ●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievemen

48、ts. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 ●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.40 Turn to a pag

49、e in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When

50、does the comparison game start? 【分值】2分 【答案】 36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A 第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分） 第一節(jié) （共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door

51、 is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 .It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44. But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door. I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and dis

52、cover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比喻） meanings. I’m telling the

53、m they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（機會） of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57

54、 opportunity?＂ Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through

55、. 41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case 42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize 43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually 44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth 45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly 46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. atte

56、mpting 47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out 48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences 51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt 52. A. physical B. biological C

57、. spiritual D. behavioral 53. A traditional B. important C. double D. original 54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history 55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of 56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of 57. A real B. Typical C. similar

58、 D. limited 58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret 59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept 60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend 【分值】1.5分 【答案】 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51.

59、 B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. D 60. C 第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探測器) - the name was

60、 inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moo

61、n in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環(huán)形山)， more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4

62、 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as ho

63、w 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【分值】1.5分 【答案】 61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69

64、. much 70. its 第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分） 第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Today I tried cooki

65、ng a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil in

66、to a pan and turned off the stove， I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. ＂Not that way，＂ my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn’t tum out as I had wished. 【分值】1分 【答案】 Today I tried cooking a 【simple】 dish myself. I like eating 【fried】 tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to 【prepare】 it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces 【and】 put them a