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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),2015/10/27,#,The Fall of the House of Usher,Week 9,Edgar Allan,Poe(18091849),Famous American poet,short-story,writer and critic,Controversial and misunderstood in America,but well received in Europe,esp.in France,Father of,Modern short story,Detective story,
2、Psychoanalytic,criticism,Position,坡以奇異故事和恐驚小說(shuō)著名于世，他是美國(guó)短篇故事的最早先驅(qū)者之一，又被尊為推理小說(shuō)的開(kāi)山鼻祖，進(jìn)而也被譽(yù)為后世科幻小說(shuō)的始祖。,厄薩古屋的倒塌,The Fall of the House of Usher,is one of the most popular short stories written by the great American,writer Edgar Allan,Poe,and its also regarded as the early and supreme example of the Gothic
3、horror story.The whole story is written in first-person point of view.,Main Characters,“I”,The narrator,Roderick Usher,羅德里克,*,厄舍,The boyhood friend of“me”,Madeline Usher,瑪?shù)铝?厄舍,Rodericks twin sister,Narrator,a friend of the master of the House of Usher.,When he visits his friend,he witnesses terrify
4、ing events.,Roderick Usher,the master of the house.He suffers from a depressing malaise characterized by strange behavior.,Madeline Usher,twin sister of Roderick.She also suffers from a strange illness.After apparently dying she rises from her coffin.,Plot,Summary,Narrator arrives at the House of Us
5、her.,Enter the mansion and talk with Usher.,Over the next few days,he does his best to cheer up Usher.They paint and read books.,One evening,Usher told him Madeline has died.They put the corpse into the coffin,which was placed in the vault(,地下拱頂室,).,In the following days,Usher takes on an even paler
6、 hue.Narrator is unable to sleep because of nervousness.,One night,Madeline rises from her coffin.Usher was scared to death.The narrator flees the falling mansion.,During the whole of a dull,dark and silent day in the autumn of the year,I had travelled alone,on horseback,towards the House of Usher.A
7、s I came in sight of the place,my spirits sank;they grew as dark and dull as the sky above me,and as sad as the cold,grey walls of the building before my eyes.I did not know the reason for this feeling of extreme misery,unless it resulted from the general appearance of decay about the house,and abou
8、t the grounds which surrounded it.There were the great dark windows,like black eyes in an empty face.The white trunks of lifeless trees stood out on the banks of lake,whose still waters acted as a mirror to the scene above.The scene mirrored in the lake seemed even more sorrowful than the reality.,哥
9、特式Goth最早是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期被用來(lái)區(qū)分中世紀(jì)時(shí)期公元5-15世紀(jì)的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，以恐驚、超自然、死亡、頹廢、巫術(shù)、古堡、深淵、黑夜、詛咒、吸血鬼等為標(biāo)志性元素。哥特式風(fēng)格用黑暗、恐驚、孤獨(dú)、無(wú)望的藝術(shù)主題，來(lái)往于內(nèi)心世界神圣與邪惡的邊緣，描繪在愛(ài)與無(wú)望之間的掙扎，嘶叫的苦痛和糊涂。,哥特小說(shuō),屬于英語(yǔ)文學(xué)派別，是西方通俗文學(xué)中危急奇異小說(shuō)的一種。一般被認(rèn)為隨著賀瑞斯華爾波爾的奧特朗圖堡而產(chǎn)生。哥特小說(shuō)可以說(shuō)是恐驚電影的鼻祖，更重要的是，它使我們今日習(xí)慣地將哥特式與黑暗、恐驚聯(lián)系在一起。顯著的哥特小說(shuō)元素包括恐驚，奇異，超自然，厄運(yùn)，死亡，頹廢，住著幽靈的老房子，癲狂，家族詛咒等。,哥特式小說(shuō),哥
10、特式小說(shuō)的構(gòu)造模式表現(xiàn)為故事場(chǎng)景、人物范式、主題意識(shí)等方面的一系列創(chuàng)新。其中最大亮點(diǎn)，除了“哥特式古堡”外，還有“超現(xiàn)實(shí)恐驚”。所謂“超現(xiàn)實(shí)恐驚”，乃是指作品中的人物受到某種形式的鬼魂、幽靈、怪獸或“不行知物”的侵?jǐn)_而表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的可怕死亡或瘋狂的高度焦慮狀況。由于作品的極度夸大和渲染，讀者對(duì)作品人物的這種“恐驚”感受既是“迫在眉睫”，又是“身置其中”。然而實(shí)際上，這種“恐驚”是由虛擬的“特殊世界”帶來(lái)的，不但不會(huì)有實(shí)際危害，反倒能讓讀者產(chǎn)生假設(shè)即假設(shè)離的特殊快感?！耙粋€(gè)恐驚的場(chǎng)景，描寫得越是荒唐、離奇、不行思議，我們就越能獲得樂(lè)趣；而描寫過(guò)于接近一般生活，哪怕是帶有很多鮮為人知的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)受，我們也
11、由于缺乏出格的痛楚而不能留下記憶或思考”,Thank you for watching!,What is Gothic literary?,Began in 19,th,century in England,Popular form in British literary journals,Imported into American short story in 19,th,century,Key ingredient is sensationalism,Elements of Gothic Writing,Emphasis on setting,Exterior:landscape,Interior:houses,Castle-like architecture,Characters are brooding,secretive,Buried family secrets,Long history of family tied to place,
the-fall-of-the-house-of-usher
