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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,*,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),論 中 國 物 流 人 才 培 養(yǎng),主講人:袁 宇,目 錄,一、中國物流業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展展望,二、中國物流業(yè)人才現(xiàn)狀,三、中國物流業(yè)需要怎樣的人才,四、中國物流業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,五、發(fā)達(dá)國家物流教育發(fā)展思路,六、中國現(xiàn)在的物流培養(yǎng)渠道培養(yǎng)人才的缺陷,七、易通物流人才培養(yǎng)模式,一、中國物流業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展展望,1.,美國近期物流業(yè)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r;,一、中國物流業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展展望,The Future,More Concentrated,U.S.Companies More Like European Companies,Ca
2、pacity,Economic Challenges,Costs Will Increase,Growth Will Continue,Seek to Control the Entire Movement,2.,美國未來物流業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢,一、中國物流業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展展望,3.,中國已具備物流快速發(fā)展的基本條件(四大因素),二、中國物流業(yè)人才現(xiàn)狀,1.,人才緊缺,已被列為我國,12,類緊缺人才之一,缺口達(dá),60,余萬,僅北京就缺,20,萬。,2.,行業(yè)起點(diǎn)低,人文環(huán)境差,現(xiàn)代物流人才培養(yǎng)、人才能力發(fā)揮難度大。,從業(yè)人員農(nóng)民工、低學(xué)歷者多,素質(zhì)技能水平低下,很難形成協(xié)同發(fā)展,高素質(zhì)人才成長難度大;,行
3、業(yè)對(duì)運(yùn)力、倉儲(chǔ)等資源依賴性高,忽視人才的使用、發(fā)展和人文環(huán)境的維護(hù),人才難以保留;,行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度低,管理者(老板)經(jīng)驗(yàn)型人員多,現(xiàn)代物流人才理念認(rèn)同度低;,行業(yè)潛規(guī)則、弊病多,既得利益者眾,現(xiàn)代物流人才難展所長。,二、中國物流業(yè)人才現(xiàn)狀,多,少,低教育水平,高教育水平,經(jīng)驗(yàn)型、作業(yè)型,咨詢型、管理型,單一操作型,專業(yè)型、復(fù)合型,內(nèi)向型,外向型、國際化,傳統(tǒng)模式工具操作,現(xiàn)代化模式工具操作,3.,人才結(jié)構(gòu)失衡,理論、實(shí)際結(jié)合度低,二、中國物流業(yè)人才現(xiàn)狀,4.,人才分布失衡,難以支持物流業(yè)的全面發(fā)展。,現(xiàn)代物流人才過于集中于沿海樞紐和大城市,內(nèi)地保有度低;,現(xiàn)代物流人才過于集中于外資企業(yè)和少數(shù)行
4、業(yè)領(lǐng)先企業(yè),中小企業(yè)保有度低;,現(xiàn)代物流人才過于集中于海歸群體或類海歸群體,本土化程度低;,現(xiàn)代物流人才過于集中在企業(yè)金字塔頂端,中基層保有度低。,5.,缺乏客觀、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的人才衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),從業(yè)人員水平參差不齊。,三、中國物流業(yè)需要怎樣的人才,根據(jù)調(diào)查,在當(dāng)前情況下,物流規(guī)劃咨詢?nèi)瞬?、物流外向型國際人才、物流科研人才這三種人才在業(yè)內(nèi)最缺乏。從人才的內(nèi)部特征趨向性分析來看,則是:,認(rèn)同中國物流行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀的事業(yè)型人才;,掌握一定程度現(xiàn)代物流理論,并可以有效轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力的人才;,擁有一定物流實(shí)體操作經(jīng)驗(yàn),能引入物流理論以指導(dǎo)或提煉物流運(yùn)作程序、規(guī)律的人才;,具備較強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)能力、適應(yīng)能力,能有效學(xué)習(xí)、提煉、總結(jié)
5、、傳播現(xiàn)代物流理念和運(yùn)作程序、規(guī)律的人才。,四、中國物流業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,(一)、專業(yè)學(xué)歷教育部分,1.,起步晚,發(fā)展快,師資弱,行業(yè)支持程度低。,2002,年,經(jīng)教育部批準(zhǔn)在目錄外設(shè)置了物流管理或物流工程本科專業(yè)的院校僅,9,所。正在籌辦物流專業(yè)的院校僅,20,多所;截至,2006,年,我國各院校開設(shè)物流專業(yè),其碩士、博士學(xué)歷學(xué)歷的有近,100,所,本科學(xué)歷教育的有,218,所,大專高職學(xué)歷教育的有,500,所,中專學(xué)歷教育超過,1000,所;,中國物流理論體系薄弱:割裂了中國物流發(fā)展的進(jìn)程去闡述西方現(xiàn)代物流理論,缺少了生存環(huán)境的延續(xù)性研究;,真正物流背景的教學(xué)老師鳳毛麟角,有交通運(yùn)輸背景的不
6、足,40%,,相當(dāng)多的老師由管理類、機(jī)電設(shè)備類、甚至計(jì)算機(jī)類專業(yè)背景轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)而來;,現(xiàn)整體在校人數(shù)超過,50,萬人,但物流專業(yè)開設(shè)超過,2,年的不足,10%,,也就是僅可提供,5,萬人支持物流行業(yè)發(fā)展;,據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)物流畢業(yè)生男女比率失調(diào),約,3,:,5,,就業(yè)效果不理想,畢業(yè)后進(jìn)入物流行業(yè)從業(yè)的不足,60%,,其中近四分之一在一年內(nèi)流出物流行業(yè),進(jìn)入周邊行業(yè)或非物流行業(yè)。,四、中國物流業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,2.,思想保守,重教學(xué),輕研究;重理論,輕實(shí)踐;重知識(shí)掌握,輕能力培養(yǎng);重專業(yè)技能,輕綜合素質(zhì)。,3.,培訓(xùn)體系不完善,物流與交通運(yùn)輸、交通工程等專業(yè)差別??;大專、本科、碩士學(xué)歷差別小,沒有建立有針對(duì)性
7、的培養(yǎng)體系。,4.,培養(yǎng)模式落后,仍然以傳統(tǒng)的二維教學(xué)模式為主,實(shí)踐課少且不成系統(tǒng),校企聯(lián)系滯后,合作單一。,5.,缺乏系統(tǒng)的從業(yè)心態(tài)和現(xiàn)實(shí)教育設(shè)置,學(xué)員學(xué)習(xí)、實(shí)踐和工作心理落差大。,四、中,國物流業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,(二)、專業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育部分,物流專業(yè)培訓(xùn)被國家認(rèn)同,勞動(dòng)部出臺(tái)了第五批職業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,物流師、理財(cái)規(guī)劃師等,8,種職業(yè)成為新認(rèn)定職業(yè);同時(shí),各類洋認(rèn)證進(jìn)入國內(nèi),沿海各類物流專題培訓(xùn)掀起高潮。,國內(nèi)培訓(xùn)時(shí)間短,教材粗略,以取證、盈利為目的,實(shí)用性差;,國外資格認(rèn)證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度高,花費(fèi)大,難度大,但對(duì)國內(nèi)適應(yīng)性差。,五、發(fā)達(dá)國家物流教育發(fā)展思路,1.,物流是管理應(yīng)用類、復(fù)合型學(xué)科,(系統(tǒng)、整合)
8、,Integration,Technical,Skills,Leadership,Skills,Management Fundamentals,Performance Milestone,Performance Milestone,Supply Chain Strategy,Network Design,Performance Analysis,Financial Management,Corporate Strategy,Budgeting&Finance,Software&IT Tools,Project Management,Forecasting/Planning,Global SCM
9、 Processes,Supply Chain Security,Demand Management,Managing Teams,Negotiations,Time Management,Business Ethics,HR Issues,Collaboration,Change Management,Supply Chain Principles,Customer Service Concepts,Supervision Fundamentals,Transportation&Logistics,Business Process Management,Optimization,Note:T
10、his list is not exhaustive.It is for discussion purposes.,W,e draw upon our experience,AU faculty,and a network of expert,resources external to AU to create a wide variety of training modules.,五、發(fā)達(dá)國家物流教育發(fā)展思路,2.,從市場應(yīng)用的角度研究物流的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)特征(企業(yè)管理、財(cái)務(wù)、客戶關(guān)系、信息化等),Strategic Assessment of Use of 3PLs,Key global geo
11、graphies,Major industry segments,Understand Customer Perspectives,How customers select and manage 3PLs,What are their needs and how well providers respond,Information technology challenges and opportunities,Use of customer workshops and focus groups,Investigate Leading Topics,3PL capabilities,servic
12、es,and technology,Structuring effective 3PL relationships,3PLs Role in Emerging Markets,“,Drill-down,”,look into select industry verticals,3PL Industry Assessment for the Future,Eleventh Annual Third Party Logistics Study Research Objectives,*,Latin America results insufficient for meaningful analys
13、is.,Why Companies Choose,NOT,to Outsource,Outsourced Logistics Services,Outsourced,Logistics Services,Logistics Activity,All Regions,North America,Western Europe,Asia-Pacific,Latin America,Transportation,90%,83%,95%,95%,90%,Warehousing,74,74,76,77,57,Customs Clearance and Brokerage,70,71,59,83,65,Fo
14、rwarding,54,55,54,66,15,Shipment Consolidation,47,44,50,53,35,Reverse Logistics(Defective,Repair,Return),35,28,44,36,30,Cross-Docking,34,36,40,30,18,Transportation Management,34,27,36,48,18,Freight Bill Auditing/Payment,33,55,22,18,17,Product Labeling,Packaging,Assembly,Kit,33,26,45,33,20,Fleet Mana
15、gement,19,13,20,21,30,Supply Chain Consultancy by 3PL Provider,18,21,16,16,10,Order Entry,Processing,and Fulfillment,14,14,10,14,19,LLP/4PL Services,11,12,13,6,15,Customer Service,10,8,9,13,10,2006 Logistic Activities in demand tend to be generally consistent with 2005 study findings with a focus on
16、 traditional 3PL services,Outsourced Logistics Services,Factor contributing to success with 3PLs,Today,more and more customers are price sensitive,but are also demanding a high quality.To be successful within the 3PL Logistics market you definitely cannot focus on one or the other,you have to have both and above all create real value for the customers,Predominant 3PL Service Categories,Transportation,Warehousing and Customs Clearance/Brokerage,Primary Decision Factors for using 3PL services,Bala