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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,主謂一致,主謂一致,語法一致原則,意義一致原則,就近一致原則,主謂一致,:,是指句子的,謂語,動詞與句子的,主語,在,人稱和數(shù),上保持,一致,即如果句子的主語是單數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù),如果,主語是復(fù)數(shù),則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),.,例題解析,相關(guān)練習(xí),歷年中考題,語法一致原則意義一致原則就近一致原則主謂一致:是指句子的謂語,1.,主語是,可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù),或,不可數(shù)名詞,時,謂語動,詞用,單數(shù)形式,.,The girl,_,very beautiful.,這個女孩子很漂亮,The,chicken _,very deli
2、cious,.,雞肉很美味,is,is,1.主語是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動The gir,2.,(,1,)不定代詞,one,each,every,either,neither,something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,everybody,everyone,作主語時,謂語,動詞用,單數(shù),.,Each of us_,(have),something to say.,我們每個人都有話要說,.,Everyone _,(be),here.Lets begin our
3、lesson!,大家都到齊了,.,讓我們開始上課吧,!,has,is,2.Each of us_(have)som,2.(2),不定代詞,none,作主語時,如果修飾的是,不可數(shù)名詞,則謂語動詞,用,單數(shù),;,如果它所修飾的是,可數(shù)名詞,則謂語,單,復(fù)數(shù),均可用,.,None of us _(be)perfect.,人無完人,.,is/are,None of the water _(be)clean here.,is,2.(2)不定代詞none作主語時,如果修飾的是不可數(shù)名詞,4.,主語后面有,with,together with,along with,as well as,except,bu
4、t,besides,like,such as,等表示,連帶成分,時,謂語動詞的,單復(fù)數(shù),由這些詞前面的主語,來決定,即主語是單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù);主語,是復(fù)數(shù),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。,1.Look!A woman with 12 children _(be)wait-,ing for a bus.,看!一個帶著,12,個小孩的婦女正在等公交車。,is,4.主語后面有with,together with,al,3.,由,and,連接兩個主語時,如果把這,兩個主語作為個體,來考慮時,謂語動詞用,復(fù)數(shù),;,如果把這,兩個主語看作一個整體,時,謂語動詞就用,單數(shù),.,Ann and Jack _,(be),frie
5、nds.,Fish and chips _,(be),my favourite food,.,但如果,and,連接的兩個并列主語指的是,同一個人,或,一件事,,謂語,動詞用,單數(shù),。,1,.The singer and the dancer _,_,(come),from,Longtou,.,2,.The singer and dancer _,_,(come),from,Longtou,.,are,is,come,comes,類似的,:bread and butter,抹黃油的面包,3.由and連接兩個主語時,如果把這兩個主語作為個體來考慮時,6.,動名詞或動詞不定式作主語時,謂語動詞用,單
6、數(shù),,但如果,幾個并,列,的動名詞或不定式作主語,則謂語動詞用,復(fù)數(shù),。,1.Doing morning exercises _,(be),good for your eyes,做眼保健操對你的眼睛有好處。,2,.To help poor people _,(be),our duty.,幫助有困難的人是我們的責(zé)任。,3.Listening,reading and speaking _,(be),important in studying English,is,is,are,6.動名詞或動詞不定式作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),但如果幾個并,5.,一些,成雙成對的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,作主語時,謂語動詞用,復(fù)數(shù),
7、,,如,trousers,pants,shoes,gloves,glasses,scissors,等。但如,果在這些詞前加上,a pair of,時,則謂語動詞用,單數(shù),()This pair of,shoes_not mine,My shoes_in the box.,A:,is are,B:,are is,C:,is is,D:,are,are,A,5.一些成雙成對的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),(,Lets write,1.,Time _,(be),money.,2,.No one _,_,(know),the truth.,3,.The writer and the teacher
8、 _,(be),coming.,4,.,The,writer and teacher_,(be),coming.,5.,Something _,(be),wrong with your watch.,6,.The teacher with his students _,(have),a,meeting.,7.Everyone except Tom _,(be),wrong.,is,kno,ws,are,is,is,has,is,Lets write1.Time _(be),7.,一個從句作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。,When we will go to Beijing _(be)not deci
9、ded.,什么時候去北京,我們還沒決定,。,is,7.一個從句作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。When we wil,意義一致,2.,一些單復(fù)數(shù)相同的單詞如:,Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,deer,等,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)它在句子中所表達的,意義而定。,但,the Chinese,the Japanese,the English,the British,the,French,等名詞表國民總稱時,作復(fù)數(shù)用。(其中,English,,,British,,,French,等,不能指單個的人),A little deer_(be)running on the hill.,Som
10、e deer_(be)eating grass.,is,are,意義一致2.一些單復(fù)數(shù)相同的單詞如:Chinese,Japa,意義一致,3.,People,police,這兩個詞看似單數(shù)形式,但表達的是復(fù)數(shù),意義,作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,1.The people in the city _,_,(be),very,friendly.,這個城市的人很友好。,2.,The police _,_,(look),for,the,lost boy now,.,警察正在找丟失的男孩,.,are,are looking,意義一致3.People,police這兩個詞看似單數(shù)形式,,意義一致,1.,集體名
11、詞如,class,(,班,/,),,family,(家庭,/,),,audience,(觀眾),group,(小組),team,(隊),club,(俱樂部),等,作主語時,謂語動詞取決于集體名詞在句中所表示的意義。當(dāng)它,們表示一個整體的概念時,通常被看作單數(shù);而當(dāng)它們表示組成整,體的個體成員時,它們就是復(fù)數(shù)意義。,1.Our class_(be)not big.,我們班不算大,.,2.The class_(wait)for a new teacher,now.,現(xiàn)在同學(xué)們都在等候新老師的到來,.,is,are waiting,同學(xué)們,家庭成員,意義一致1.集體名詞如class(班/),,意義一
12、致,5.,當(dāng)表示,度量,,距離,金額,時間等數(shù)量詞作主語時,常把這個,數(shù),量詞看作一個整體,,謂語動詞用,單數(shù),。,在一些算術(shù)題目中,一般把算術(shù)題目的主語看成是單數(shù),謂語動詞,用單數(shù),但在,加和乘,時,謂語動詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)。,1,.100 dollars _(be)not a small number,2.,Twenty years,_(,be,),not a long,time.,3.forty miles_(be)a long way.,1.six minus four _(be)two.,2.Two and two_(be)four.,is,is,is,is,is/are,意義一致5.當(dāng)表
13、示度量,距離,金額,時間等數(shù)量詞作主語時,常,意義一致,4.,一些名詞如,maths,physics,politics,(政治),news,the United,States,等,,其形式上雖以,-s,結(jié)尾,但表示的確是一門學(xué)科或一種,事物,謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。,1.,The,United States,_,(be),a developed,country.,美國是個發(fā)達國家,.,is,意義一致4.一些名詞如maths,physics,poli,意義一致,7.,由“,the+,形容詞”構(gòu)成的詞,如,the old,the yong,the rich,the,poor,等用來表示具有,某種特性的
14、一類人,,作主語時,謂語動詞,用,復(fù)數(shù),。,1.,The rich _,(have),a lot of,money.,have,意義一致7.由“the+形容詞”構(gòu)成的詞,如 the old,意義一致,6.,分數(shù)作主語時,不是看,分數(shù),本身,而是看這個分數(shù)所修飾的名詞。,如果其,修飾的是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),,謂語動詞用,單數(shù),,如,果是,復(fù)數(shù)名詞,。則謂語動詞用,復(fù)數(shù),。,1.In our class two thirds of the students _(be)girls.,2.Three quarters of the information on the internet _(be
15、)written in English.,are,is,意義一致6.分數(shù)作主語時,不是看分數(shù)本身,而是看這個分數(shù)所修,意義一致,9.,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由它修飾的,先行詞來決定。先行詞是單數(shù)時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),反之用復(fù)數(shù)。,She is one of the few girls who _ well,paid(,獲得好收入,)in the factory now.,A:,is,B:,are,C:,was,D:,were,B,意義一致9.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由,意義一致,8.,代詞,all,,,most,,,what,who,which,mo
16、re,等作主語時,謂語,動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)也要根據(jù)它所表達的意義來決定。,most of the apples,most of the apple,Most of the,apples_(be),rotten.,大部分的蘋果是爛的,.,Most of the,apple _(be),eaten,by a rat.,這個蘋果的大半被老鼠吃掉了,.,are,is,意義一致8.代詞all,most,what,who,wh,就近一致,2.,在,there be,和,here be,結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果主語不只一個。謂語動詞,通常和靠近,be,的名詞來決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。,1.,There _,_,(be),five pens and a book on the,desk,2,.There _,_,(be),a book and five pens,on the,desk.,are,is,就近一致2.在there be 和here be 結(jié)構(gòu)中,如,就近一致,1.,在,or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,not but,句型中,,其謂語動詞和鄰近的那個主語保持一致