高一英語 必修1+必修2 語法復(fù)習(xí)

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1、 高一英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 第一模塊：被動態(tài) 必修2 Unit2（一般將來時被動態(tài)） 必修2 Unit3（現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)） 必修2 Unit4（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動態(tài)） + 必修1 Unit3（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來） 所有時態(tài)的被動態(tài)都需注意： 1. 介詞短語不能省略（eg. take care of→be taken care of: of不能?。? 2. 一些特殊動詞無被動態(tài)（eg. wash, sell, write, open, cut等及感官動詞: sound, taste, smell, feel, look等） (一) 必修2-Unit2 一般將來時被動態(tài)

2、 用法：發(fā)生在將來的事 標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表將來的詞 方法：do→be done (be不能換成am/is/are) 結(jié)構(gòu)： will/shall do→will/shall be done （過去時：would/should be done） am/is/are going to do→am/is/are going to be done (過去時：was/were going to be done) am/is/are about to do→am/is/are about to be done

3、 (過去時：was/were about to be done) am/is/are to do→am/is/are to be done (過去時：was/were to be done) 例子：A new hospital will be built next year. (二) 必修2-Unit 3 現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài) 用法：動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或已經(jīng)結(jié)束但對現(xiàn)在有影響 標(biāo)志詞：since, already, yet, for+一段時間, so far, by now.(注意: 句子里出現(xiàn)具體的過去時間 ，

4、就不能用完成時!) 方法：done→been done 結(jié)構(gòu)：has/have done→has/have been done (過去時：had been done) 例子：This problem has been discussed(討論) for two weeks. (三)Unit 4 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動態(tài) 用法：現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的事 標(biāo)志詞：now 方法：doing→being done 結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are doing→am/is/are+being done (過去時：was/were being done) 例子：A new hospital is bein

5、g built now. (四) 必修1 -Unit3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來 結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+V-ing (was/were V-ing) 標(biāo)志詞：移動性V(come/go/leave/arrive,等)+短暫性V (get/start/begin,等） →只有這兩種動詞可以用V-ing的形式表將來。 例子：I’m leaving tomorrow. / He is coming back this Sunday. How are getting there?(你怎么去那里？) 第二模塊：定語從句 必修1 Unit4 /Unit5 + 必修2 Unit1/U

6、nit5 定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句。 例：The girl who is singing there is my girlfriend. 那邊唱歌的那個女孩是我女朋友。 先行詞：the girl; 關(guān)系詞：who; 定語從句：is singing there (一) 關(guān)系代詞who/whom/which/that/whose （必修1-Unit4） ★先行詞是人時用：who/whom/that 主語→who/that (一般用who) 賓語→whom/that/who (一般用whom) 例子：The girl who is singi

7、ng there is my girlfriend. ★ 先行詞是物時用：which/that 例子：This is the factory which/that we visited last year. 注意1→只能用that不用which的情況：先行詞前有下列詞出現(xiàn)時只能用that 序數(shù)詞(the first等) 特指(the only/the very) 先行詞同時有人和物 “第一個最好的特指人物嗎？不一定，有疑問?！? 在who/which問句中 形容詞最高級(the best等) 不定代詞(something/nothing/anythin

8、g/all等表不確定數(shù)量) 注意2→只能用which不用that： 1） 有介詞時，介詞+which (介詞只能與which/whom連用) 2） 在非限定定語從句（有逗號的定語從句） 3） 先行詞為that/those時：What’s that which is floating on the river? ★ 先行詞為“某人的”“某物的”用：whose 例子：The girl whose coat is red called Mary. We are using the book whose title is Top English as our

9、 exercise book. (二) 關(guān)系副詞 where/when/why （必修1-Unit5） 先行詞為地點：where (=at/in/on等介詞+which) 例：I will never forget the village where I spent my childhood. 先行詞為時間：when (=at/in/on/during等介詞+which) 例：I still remembered the time when I became a senior school student. 先行詞為原因(reason)：why (=for whi

10、ch) 例：The reason why he was late is that he missed the first bus. 注意：有時先行詞雖然表示地點或時間，但不用where/when而是which/that 例：I’ll never forget the village that we visited last year. →此處先行詞the village(村莊)表示地點，因為后面的從句we visited(我們訪問…)缺少賓語(訪問的對象)，所以用that. 例：The reason which/that he made up was hard to accept.

11、→從句he made up(他編造…)缺賓語。 此類題目解題訣竅：看從句有沒缺少主語或賓語，有缺→用which/that，不缺→where/why. (三)限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句 （必修2-Unit1） 區(qū)別：1）有逗號→非限制性定從（一定不能用that） 無逗號→限制性定從 2）限制性定從→先行詞只能為一個詞 非限制性定從→先行詞可為一個詞或一個句子（先行詞為一個句子時，用which/as, 句首時用as） 特別考點：1)非限制性定從（有逗號的）不用that； 2)只能用that； 3)只能用which; 4)wher

12、e/when和which/that; 4)選關(guān)系代詞時，一般要排除有it的選項。 第三模塊：直接引語與間接引語 必修1-Unit1 + 必修1-Unit2 區(qū)別：直接引語指直接引用別人說的話，有引號“” 間接引語指用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，沒有引號。 考點：將直接引語改成間接引語 規(guī)則：(一) 人稱要變：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變。 例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he was sorry. (I→he) He asked me, “Dou you like me?” →He asked me if I like

13、him. (you→I, me→him) (二) 時態(tài)要變：變成“過去時” 例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he was sorry. (I am→he was) 注意：時態(tài)不需變化的4種情況：(1)主句謂V為現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r；（2）所說的內(nèi)容為客觀真理；（3）所說內(nèi)容有情態(tài)V(must,need,should,had better,could等); (4) 有具體的時間點（例：at 7:30 pm.） (三) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)變化 1) 陳述句：+that(或省略) 例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he

14、 was sorry. 2) 一般疑問句：+if/whether(句子改成陳述語氣) 結(jié)構(gòu)：ask sb if/whether+… 例：He asked me, “Dou you like me?” →He asked me if/whether I liked him. 3) 特殊疑問句(wh-或how開頭的問句) 結(jié)構(gòu)：ask…+wh-/how+陳述語氣的句子 例：The boy asked me, “What are you doing?” →The boy asked what I was doing. 4) 祈使句：do →to do (suggest例外: sug

15、gest doing sth/suggest that…should do) 結(jié)構(gòu)：ask sb (not) to do sth. (ask也可按照句子意識換成：tell/advise/warn/beg等) 例：“Please speak English.” The teacher said to us →The teacher asked us to speak English. “Be careful with strangers.” Mr. Black said to her. Mr. Black warned her to be carful with strangers. 5

16、) 感嘆句（照抄或改成that引導(dǎo)） 例, “What a beautiful girl she is!” he said.→He said what a beautiful girl she was. →He said that she was a beautiful girl. (四) 其他變化 1） 指示代詞：this→that, these→those 2） 時間狀語：now→then, ago→before, yesterday→the day before, today→that day, tomorro

17、w→the next day, last week→the week before, this week→that week, next week→the next week, 3） 地點：here→there 4） come→go, bring→take, borrow→lend, must→have to 練習(xí)： 1. “I don’t want to read this book.,” said Anne. Anne said that ________ _________ want to read ________ book. 2. “Does Tom have any f

18、riend here?” Mary asks me. Mary asks me __________ Tom ________ any friend here. 3. “Why did you go to bed so late last night?” Father asked Jim. Father asked Jim ________ he _______ ________ to bed so late the _________ _________. 練習(xí)： 1. A new cinema is being built here and it next month.

19、 A. is complete B. will complete C. was completed D. will be completed. 2. I got caught in the rain and my suit ________. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 3. ─We want to sit at the table near the door. ─I’m sorry, but it _________ already. A. has bee

20、n taken B. has taken C. will be taken D. was taken 4. Everybody by the sad news yesterday. A. shocked B. was shocked C. has been shocked D. are shocked 5. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten you seat belts. The plane . A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off

21、 6. –When will they leave? -They very soon. A. do leave B. are leaving C. have left D. leave 7. Have you moved into your new house? –Not yet. The rooms A. are painting B. are painted C. are being painted D. are having painted 8. Because the shop , all the T-shirts are sold at h

22、alf price. A. is closing down B. has closed down C. is being closed down D. had closed down 9. –Hi, can I use your MP3 this afternoon? –Sorry. A. It’s repaired B. It has been repaired C. It’s being repaired D. It had been repaired. 10. Can you lend me your MP3 last week? A. that

23、 you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 11. Can you see a man and his horse are crossing the bridge? A. which B. who C. that D. they 12. The police are running after the man coat is black. A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which 13. The gir

24、l is reading under tree my sister. A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was 14. This is the best hotel in the city I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 15. The reason he was late was that he missed the first bus. A. why B. which C. of which D. where 16. Th

25、e first school we visited last summer was completely damaged in the earthquake. A. where B. where C. that D. which 17. I will never forget the day I first met Nelson Mandela. A. where B. which C. who D. when 18. I don’ know the reason they quarreled. A. why B. which C. wh

26、at D. when 19. He the summer Palace. A. suggested us to visit B. suggested visiting C. advised to visit D. warned us to visit. 20. Mr. Li told us make so much noise. A. don’t B. never C. not to D. to not 21. Mr King didn’t know ________ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when his son came home D. when did his son come home