Unit8單元語法講解和練習(xí)人教版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

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1、人教版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 單元語法講解和練習(xí) Grammar語法講解 1. 祈使句 以下句子均為祈使句。 1. Go and wash your hands.（命令） 2. Be quiet （please）.（請(qǐng)求） 3. （Please） Be kind to your sister.（勸告） 4. Take a taxi, or you'll miss your class.（建議） 5. Look out! Danger!（警告） 6. Keep off the grass.（禁止）

2、 表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。 1. 祈使句:基本結(jié)構(gòu) （1） 行為動(dòng)詞開頭 由“—?jiǎng)釉~原形+其他部分”構(gòu)成，動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 ■ Make a sentence with the word "peace”. ■ Have a great time. （2） 動(dòng)詞Be開頭 由”Be+其他部分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語等廣構(gòu)成。 Be careful when crossing the street. （3） Let開頭 由“Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他部分”(動(dòng)作執(zhí)行不包含聽話者) 或"Let's+動(dòng)詞原形+其他部分”(動(dòng)作執(zhí)行包含

3、聽話者在內(nèi))構(gòu)成。 ■ Let him go back now. Let us try again.(不含聽話者)讓我們?cè)僭囈幌掳伞? ■ Let's try again.咱們?cè)僭囈幌掳伞? 祈使句:否定形式 (1) 行為動(dòng)詞和be開頭的祈使句的否定形式為在句首加Never或 Don't ■ Never/Don!t say that again! ■ Never/Don^ be careless. o (2) Let開頭的祈使句 ■ Don't let me go with her tomorrow.= ■ Let me not go with her tomorrow.

4、可在Let前加Dont,也可在Let后賓格的名詞或代詞后面加note 如果以Let's開頭的祈使句，必須在Let's后加not。 Let's not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. (3) no開頭祈使句表否定 ■ No Photos!禁止拍照！ ■ No Entry!禁止入內(nèi)！ ■ No Passing!禁止通行！ ■No Smoking!禁止吸煙！ 常用于在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語中，結(jié)構(gòu)為“No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞， Grammar語法練習(xí) I .單項(xiàng)選擇 1. up early tomorrow, or you can't

5、catch the train. A. Getting B.Get C.To get D.Got 2. in the street. Its dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C.Donft play D.Don't to play 3.Please me some money, will you? A.lend B.lending C. to lend D. be lend 4. The film is about to begin. Please seated. A.be B.are C.is D.bein

6、g 5. the boxes. You may use them later. A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep D.Kept 6. Her doctor said:" work so hard.” A.Stop B.Don't C.Can't D.No 7. Cindy, to be here at 8 o'clock. A.is sure B.is sure that D. be sure C.will be sure 8. when you cross the road. A.Do care B.Care C.Do be careful D

7、. To be careful 9. in bed. It's bad for your eyes. B .Don't read D. Not read A. Not to read C.Don't to read 10. your child. Well look after him. A.Not to worry about B. Don't worry about C.Not worry for D. Don't worry with 2 .可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞注意事項(xiàng) 1. 可數(shù)名詞是可以用來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如:desk-desks, ap

8、ple-apples 等。 不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如:some bread, a little milk, a bowl of rice 等。 2. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，前面要用不定冠詞a(an),表示特指時(shí)， 前面要用定冠詞theo ■ He is a factory worker. ■ The book on the desk is mine. 不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾，表示特指時(shí)，前面一定要用定冠詞 the。 ■ No one can see air. 3. 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot o

9、f, lots of等來修 飾，表示“一些，許多”。 ■ There are some oranges on the desk. ■ There is a lot of water in the bottle. 4 .可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來表示具體的數(shù)量。 如:two apples, four books 等。 不可數(shù)名詞前通常用“單位詞+。住來表示數(shù)量。 如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper 等。 5. 不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,但是不可數(shù)名詞前有 復(fù)數(shù)“單位詞”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 ■ The w

10、ater in the river is clear. ■ There are two cups of tea on the table. 6. 對(duì)可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how many;對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾 語提問用how much 注意:對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的”單位詞”的修飾語提問時(shí)，疑問詞用how manyo ■ How many apples are there in the box? ■ How much tea is there in the cup? ■ How many pieces of bread are there on the plate? Grammar

11、語法練習(xí) II. 用所給名詞適當(dāng)形式填空 1. How many (sheep)are there on the hill? 2. There is some (food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two (tooth)now. 4. There is a lot of (water) in the bottle. 5. There are five (people) in his family. 6. Let's take (photo),OK? 7.1 have lots of (tomato) here. 8. The

12、 (leaf) on the tree turn yellow. 9. The (child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their (dictionary) look new. 11.1 see you have a few white (hair). 12. They are (woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of (orange), please? 14. There are many (fox) in the picture. 15.1 would like some apple (juice).I am very thirsty. 參考答案： I. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1-5 BCAAA 6-10BDBBB II. 用所給名詞適當(dāng)形式填空 1. sheep 2.food 3. teeth 4. water 5.people 6.photos 7. tomatoes 8.leaves 9.children lO.dictionaries 11.hairs 12. women 13.orange 14.foxes 15.juice