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1、1(3)2-名詞名詞應(yīng)注意的幾個方面:名詞可分為可數(shù)與不可數(shù)兩類??蓴?shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分,不可數(shù)名詞無此劃分。3可數(shù)名詞由單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化兩類。(1)規(guī)則變化a.直接在名詞后加 -s 。如:computer computers。b.以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh結(jié)尾的加 -es 。如:bus buses。4c. 以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的,把y改為i再 加-es。如:factory factories。d. 以“元音字母y”結(jié)尾的,在詞尾加-s。如:boy boys。5e. 以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的,變f或fe為v,再加-es。如:thiefthieves。也有的直接加-s。如:ch
2、iefchiefs。6f. 以“o”結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)分兩類: 表示“無生命的”加-s;表示“有生 命的”加-es。如:zoo zoos, hero heroes。7(2)不規(guī)則變化有些名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)是不規(guī)則變化,如:woman women。由man,woman作定語的詞,要把man , woman及中心名詞均變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如:men doctors,women teachers。但是boy friends,girl students要用單數(shù)作定語。8有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示特別的意義。papers 報(bào)紙;文件;試卷 manners 禮貌waters 水域 looks 外表times 時(shí)代 sa
3、nds 沙灘;沙地arms 武器 Customs 海關(guān);習(xí)俗 9有些名詞作不可數(shù)名詞用時(shí)表示抽象概念,與不定冠詞連用或用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示個體事物。beauty 美;美貌 a beauty 一個美人或一件美物failure 失敗 a failure 一件失敗的事或一個失敗的人10success 成功 a success 一件成功的事或一個成功的人honour 光榮 an honour 帶來榮譽(yù)的人或事surprise 驚奇 a surprise 一件令人吃驚的事pleasure 樂趣 a pleasure 一件愉快的事must 必須 a must 一件必要的事或物11有些名詞既是可數(shù)的,也是不可
4、數(shù)的,但意思不同。a room 一個房間 room 空間a glass 一個玻璃杯 glass 玻璃a chicken 一只小雞 chicken 雞肉a fish 一條魚 fish 魚肉a paper 一份論文/試卷 paper 紙張12名詞作定語一般有兩種情況:(1)名詞原形直接作定語。physics teacher 物理老師power plant 發(fā)電廠welcome party 歡迎會heart trouble 心臟病food industry 食品工業(yè)shoe store 鞋店13(2)有的名詞習(xí)慣于用復(fù)數(shù)作定語。parents meeting 家長會sales department
5、銷售部sports meet 運(yùn)動會goods train 貨車14()1. Its _ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _ pleasure.(2010福建卷)A. 不填; a B. a; 不填C. the; a D. a; the15B 句意:欣賞給人愉悅之感的上海世博會真是一種很好的感受。第一空feeling是可數(shù)名詞,用不定冠詞a;第二空pleasure不可數(shù),且不是特指,故不填。 16() 2. In _ most countries, a university deg
6、ree can give you _ flying start in life. (2010四川卷)A. the; a B. the; /C. /; / D. /; a17 第一空后名詞countries為復(fù)數(shù)形式,表泛指,用零冠詞;第二空后start用作可數(shù)名詞,表泛指,用不定冠詞a。 D18() 3. The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _. (2010江蘇卷)A. expectation B.
7、reputationC. contribution D. civilization19考查名詞詞義辨析。expectation 預(yù)料,期望,前程;reputation 名聲,聲望,名譽(yù);contribution 貢獻(xiàn),捐獻(xiàn),稿件;civilization 文明。句意:這位醫(yī)生治療心臟病很拿手,但從不接受病人的任何禮物,所以他“名聲”很好。 B20() 4. There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth. (2010遼寧卷)A. the; the B.
8、 /; theC. the; / D. a; the21句意:宇宙中有超過58000個巖石狀物體,其中大約900個可能墜落到地球上。第一空space表示“宇宙,太空”含義時(shí),不加冠詞;第二空earth表示“地球”含義時(shí),是獨(dú)一無二的東西,需加定冠詞the。B22() 5. Everything comes with _ price; there is no such _ thing as a free lunch in the world. (2010重慶卷)A. a; a B. the; /C. the; a D. a; /23第一空的price為可數(shù)名詞,加a表示類別,后一空thing仍為
9、可數(shù)名詞,但有no such修飾,no相當(dāng)于not any/a,所以不可再用冠詞。 D24書面表達(dá):說明文的寫作技巧書面表達(dá):說明文的寫作技巧【要點(diǎn)概述】記敘文是以記人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主要內(nèi)容,以記敘、描寫為主要表達(dá)方式的一種文體。25寫記敘文通常應(yīng)遵循以下幾點(diǎn):1 . 交 代 要 素 , 即 人 物 ( w h o ) 、 時(shí) 間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、事件(what)、原因(why)和結(jié)果(how)。在寫高考作文時(shí),時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等要素一般在提示中或圖片中會給出,有時(shí)也可能會出現(xiàn)有關(guān)要素不確定的情況。如果所給的時(shí)間不清楚,可用較為含糊的時(shí)間。262.寫人時(shí),要注意介紹人物的
10、身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等。時(shí)態(tài)的使用:介紹已故人物以過去時(shí)為主;介紹當(dāng)今人物,敘述現(xiàn)在的情況以現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主,敘述過去的情況以過去時(shí)為主。敘事時(shí),可按事件發(fā)生的先后順序敘述,要寫清事件發(fā)生與發(fā)展的過程以及事件發(fā)生的前因后果等。所記的都是過去發(fā)生的事,所以原則上通常都是用過去時(shí)態(tài)。27 【體驗(yàn)高考體驗(yàn)高考】 (2009北京卷)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華,為響應(yīng)綠化祖國的號召, 你班四月十二日去郊區(qū)植樹。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序, 介紹植樹活動的全過程, 給某英文雜志的“綠色行動”專欄寫一篇以 “Green Action in Our Class” 為題的英文稿件。 注意: 詞數(shù)不少于60。 提示
11、詞: 郊區(qū) suburbs29One possible version:Green Action in Our Class April 12 is memorable because our class had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way. Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging ho
12、les. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. Before leaving we took some photos to record our green action. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement. We feel its
13、our duty to protect and beautify our environment. 30【強(qiáng)化演練強(qiáng)化演練】 下面的表格提供了一次交通事故的情況,請以A Traffic Accident為標(biāo)題寫一篇報(bào)道。時(shí)間時(shí)間上星期天上午上星期天上午9 9:3030地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)新華路第二個十字路口新華路第二個十字路口發(fā)生的事發(fā)生的事一位老太太被一位年輕人騎車撞倒,一位老太太被一位年輕人騎車撞倒,受傷嚴(yán)重受傷嚴(yán)重事故原因事故原因年輕人闖紅燈年輕人闖紅燈結(jié)果結(jié)果有人打電話給急救中心,不久救護(hù)有人打電話給急救中心,不久救護(hù)車趕到把老太太送去醫(yī)院車趕到把老太太送去醫(yī)院事故給你的啟發(fā)事故給你的啟發(fā) 31注
14、意注意: : 1. 詞數(shù):100左右。 2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 3. 參考詞匯:救護(hù)車ambulance;急救中心 First Aid Centre32One possible version: A Traffic Accident Last Sunday, an unexpected traffic accident happened to an old lady. It was 9:30 am. An old lady was knocked down by a young man when she was walking across the street on the s
15、econd crossing of Xinhua Street. The lady was badly hurt and unconscious. The police was called and the lady was sent to hospital by an ambulance. After inquiry, the police proved that it was the young mans fault because he didnt stop his bike when the traffic lights were red. From the accident, I realize that the traffic safety is worthy of enough attention. We cant be too careful when using the roads.