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1、Definition of Sonnet A sonnet is a lyric, invariably, of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. 十四行詩是一種有十四行詩句構(gòu)成的抒情詩體，用抑揚(yáng)格五音步作全詩的形式，有固定韻律。第1頁/共16頁Types of SonnetThere are three dominant types of sonnet, all named after their founders or perfecters (完善者):
2、Petrarchan sonnet 皮特拉克十四行詩Spenserian sonnet 斯賓塞體十四行詩Shakespearean sonnet 莎士比亞式十四行詩第2頁/共16頁Shakespearian SonnetAlso known as the English Sonnet, consists of three quatrains(四行詩) followed by a couplet(對句) .The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg. A theme is developed in the quatrains, and a concluding t
3、hought is presented in the couplet. 第3頁/共16頁Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fai
4、r thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough win
5、ds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18第4頁/共16頁Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eterna
6、l summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers d
7、ay? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18 Introduction ( 起起 )Elucidation ( 承承 ) Transition ( 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) )Conclusion ( 合合 )第5頁/共16頁AppreciationShall I compare thee to a Shall I compare thee to a sum
8、mers daysummers day? ?Thou art more lovely and more Thou art more lovely and more temperatetemperate. .- a summers day: In England, summer is not hot but comfortably warm. It is the most pleasant season of the year.-temperate: gentle, soft, mild 溫和的英譯英譯: How can I compare you to a summers day since
9、: How can I compare you to a summers day since you are lovelier and gentler than it?you are lovelier and gentler than it?第6頁/共16頁Modern English v.s. Middle English現(xiàn)代英語和中古英語 you You (賓格) your yours thine thou Thee Thy第7頁/共16頁英譯：In fact, the violent winds do destroy the In fact, the violent winds do d
10、estroy the lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very short period of time.short period of time.Rough Rough winds do shake the winds do shake the darling darling buds of buds of May,May,And Summers And Summers lease hathlease hath all to
11、o short a all too short a datedate. .rough: violent; terribledarling: lovely; dear; charminglease: Here it is figuratively used, meaning “l(fā)ifetime”.hath: old use for “has”date: period of time第8頁/共16頁 But thy But thy eternal summereternal summer shall not fade, shall not fade, Nor lose possession of
12、that fair thou owst,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, Nor shall Nor shall DeathDeath brag thou wandrest in his shade, brag thou wandrest in his shade, When in When in eternal lineseternal lines to time thou growstto time thou growst eternal summer: (metaphor) immortal youthfulness Death: (
13、personification) the destroyer of lifeeternal lines: immortal lines of poetry such as the lines in this poemto time thou grost: youll grow together with time, just as time that lasts forever第9頁/共16頁英譯: If you are written in an eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will : If you are written
14、 in an eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will always be young or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you always be young or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you a
15、re under his will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you are under his control.control.第10頁/共16頁So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long live So long live thisthis, and this gives life to thee., and this gives life to thee
16、. this: this poem英譯： As long as there is man living in this world, as long as mans eyes can see As long as there is man living in this world, as long as mans eyes can see things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you immortal.things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you
17、immortal.第11頁/共16頁Sonnet 18 (1609) Shall I compare thee to a summers day? 我怎么能夠把你來比作夏天？ Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你不獨(dú)比它可愛也比它溫婉： Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 狂風(fēng)把五月寵愛的嫩蕊作踐， And summers lease hath all too short a date: 夏天出賃的期限又未免太短： 第12頁/共16頁Sometime too hot the eye of h
18、eaven shines, 天上的眼睛有時(shí)照得太酷烈， And often is his gold complexion dimmed, 它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽： And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被機(jī)緣或無常的天道所摧折， By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed沒有芳艷不終于雕殘或銷毀。 第13頁/共16頁But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是你的長夏永遠(yuǎn)不會雕落， Nor lose possession of that fair tho
19、u owst, 也不會損失你這皎潔的紅芳， Nor shall death brag thou wandrest in his shade, 或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊， When in eternal lines to time thou growst, 當(dāng)你在不朽的詩里與時(shí)同長。 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, 只要一天有人類，或人有眼睛， So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 這詩將長存，并且賜給你生命。 第14頁/共16頁 Theme A profound meditation on the destructive power of time and the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves. A nice summers day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever. Thus Shakespeare has a faith in the permanence of poetry. 第15頁/共16頁感謝您的觀看！第16頁/共16頁
莎士比亞十四行詩Sonnet PPT課件
