2018年中考英語(yǔ)真題分類(lèi)匯編 題型3 閱讀理解 專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練六 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)（含解析）

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1、 時(shí)間：8～10分鐘/篇　　分值：2分/小題 Passage 1(2018成都) Dear Merry， Recently, I have trouble with my study. In school I can't listen to teachers carefully because I always feel tired and sleepy. I don't spend time with friends after class either because I think it's a waste of time. I even miss writing s

2、ome answers in the test. At home, I can't get my homework done every night. My parents don't let me stay up. So I have to get up early the next morning to finish it. Lately, I even get a bad headache. How can I solve these problems? Yours， Liu YaDear Liu Ya， When you have trouble listening to t

3、eachers carefully in class, you_can_ask_your_teachers_or_deskmate_to_remind_you_often. Then spending time talking about many different things with friends can make you happy. It's not a waste of time. As for homework, when it's hard to get finished, one thing you can try is setting goals for yoursel

4、f. Ask your parents to help you. You must take a break, especially if you don't feel well. You might be surprised but a short break can help you get more done! Lastly, if you don't worry and have enough sleep, your headache will leave you. Yours， Merry (　　)1. Liu Ya wrote the letter to Merry in o

5、rder to ________． A. ask for help　B. express worries　C. share her experience (　　)2. Liu Ya doesn't want to stay with friends after class because ________． A. she needs to sleep B. she thinks it's a waste of time C. she has trouble with her classmates (　　)3. Merry thinks ________． A. taking a

6、break is necessary B. being with parents is helpful C. setting goals by parents is important (　　)4. According to the underlined part, what might Liu Ya's teacher say? A. Sleep for a minute. 　　　　　B. Listen carefully. C. Stop talking. (　　)5. From Liu Ya's letter, we can find that she is too ___

7、_____． A. passive B. proud C. stressed Passage 2(2018綿陽(yáng)) Lady Rita Got a bad grade, afraid to show my parents Report cards are going out this Friday, and I realized I had failed in chemistry. My parents are probably going to kill me for that. What should I do？ Answers Butterfl

8、y 　　It is better to be honest with them and tell them it is a very difficult course and you are trying your hardest. Promise them you will work harder. Study a little every night so when your next test comes you'll be much more prepared. Derp 　　Let me guess, you have always been a g

9、reat student and slipped up just this one time? Explain that to your parents. Male T 　　You should learn from insects—when they try to cross a wall, they fall down again and again until at some time they get success. Naughty 　　Do what I did...show your parents your report cards an

10、d then simply ask them...“Did any one of you guys ever fail a test？” Flower 　　I never showed my parents my test scores. It's none of their business！ (　　)1. Lady Rita put her question here to ________． A. ask for help　　　　　B. draw others' attention C. please her parents D. share her grad

11、es with others (　　)2. How many people advised Lady Rita to tell the truth? A. Five.　　　B. Four.　　　C. Three.　　　D. Two. (　　)3. According to Butterfly, ________． A. nobody can do well in chemistry B. better preparation may lead to better grades C. you won't get bad grades if you do your best D. p

12、arents don't care how their kids do at school (　　)4. What can we learn from Male T's suggestion? A. Knowledge is power. B. There's no smoke without fire. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Good news never goes beyond the gate. (　　)5. What do we know about Naughty? A. He does well in all

13、his subjects. B. His parents used to be great students. C. He thinks it's normal to fail sometimes. D. He dare not show his grades to his parents. Passage 3(2018蘇州) During my first two weeks at the University of California, Berkeley, I experienced some unexpected, funny, and sometimes embarrass

14、ing(令人尷尬的)situations. Allow me to share some with you. But first, let me give advice to other foreign students who plan to study in the United States. Check the weather before coming! I was very sure that California was sunny all year around so I left all my jackets and sweaters in Paris. It was a

15、huge mistake! It rained almost every day during the first week in Berkeley. I have to say that I quickly forgot these unlucky events. Life in Berkeley is very pleasant and everything is so easy compared to Paris. For example, in only 24 hours I bought a mobile phone and made the lease(租約)agreement

16、for a flat. What's more, almost all the shops are open on Sunday, which is very practical for me. The first thing that surprised me is that students may come late to class. They freely enter and leave the classroom many times during class. In France, students respect the teacher's lesson, so they a

17、re never late and they leave the classroom only at the end of the class. The local people in California are in general very nice, open and active. However, I am not totally used to their habits yet. Indeed, I was used to shaking my friends' hands every day in France. During my second day at Berkele

18、y, I shook the hand of one of my classmates whom I had met the day before and he told me “I think we already met！” Another funny story happened during the first party I attended: A girl that I met before came to hug me, I thought she wanted to kiss me like we usually do in France to say hello. So I

19、 kissed her and she seemed a little bit embarrassed. I live a great experience at present, and I would just encourage any student to become a member in a program at UC, Berkeley. (　　)1. According to the writer's advice, before students study in America, they should ________. A. make a lease agree

20、ment for a flat B. leave their warm clothes at home C. pay attention to the local weather D. prepare a phone as early as possible (　　)2. When the writer's classmate said “I think we already met！”， he meant ________． A. he and the writer had known each other in France B. Americans needn't shake

21、 hands when they met again C. he was not used to shaking hands with others D. the writer had forgotten about their last meeting (　　)3. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. His experience at UC, Berkeley. B. The relationship between classmates. C. His advice on studying abroad. D. T

22、he difference in attending a class. Passage 4(2018綿陽(yáng)) Students who get tired of looking at the four walls of a classroom might like to take the nature course being offered by Carvel College again this summer. Groups of about a dozen students each, led by an experienced guide, will go on ten-day

23、 camping trips to the mountains to study the plants and animals that grow and live there. Students carry their own things, which include sleeping bags, warm clothing, food and water, and other useful tools. And what do the students do all day? Well, as soon as the sun comes up, they eat breakfast a

24、nd start climbing up the mountain trail to the next campground, which is five to ten miles away. As the students take notes, the guide points out different plants and animals alongside the trail. The climb is usually over by early afternoon, so the group spends the rest of the day resting or swimmin

25、g in a mountain lake. Before dinner each night, they all come together and discuss the day's activities. At the end of the course, the students write reports using the information they have collected. But they don't mind at all. What they do mind is leaving the beauty of the wilderness and the good

26、 friends they've made to return to their normal lives in the city. (　　)1. What can the course offer to the students? A. Better grades in tests. B. Free vacations in mountains. C. A different learning experience. D. Better chance to study in Carvel College. (　　)2. How far does a student have to

27、 walk throughout the course? A. About five to ten miles. B. About two hundred miles. C. About fifty to one hundred miles. D. About sixty to one hundred and twenty miles. (　　)3. What do the students have to do before dinner? A. Wash themselves up in a mountain lake. B. Attend classes by the ex

28、perienced guide. C. Write about what they see along the trail. D. Review what they learn through discussion. (　　)4. What can we tell about the course? A. They will change campgrounds everyday. B. The students have to learn all by themselves. C. Pens and books will be useless in the course. D

29、. Carvel College will provide everything for the students. (　　)5. From the last paragraph we know the students are ________． A. serious with the final report B. unwilling to go back to the city C. looking forward to returning home D. too tired to stay in the course any longer Passage 5(2018漳

30、州) As the saying goes, “If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.” This is never truer than when you are trying to master English. Lai Shixiong, a respected English master from Taiwan, has a story to share. Like many non-native speakers, Lai failed when he first started learning English

31、. When he was in high school, he once got an unbelievably low mark of 7 out of 100 on an English test. He almost gave up on English, but then he entered a military school (軍校), where he met a classmate who was good at English. Amazed by his classmate's American accent, Lai decided to start learni

32、ng English from the beginning. As he put it, “I saw myself as a baby who had just started to learn a language.” To correct his pronunciation, Lai practiced phonetic symbols(音標(biāo)) hundreds of times every day using records. When he was able to pronounce words, Lai said he began to practice dialog

33、ues. Not being able to find someone to practice with, Lai created a learning atmosphere(氛圍) on his own.“I just talked to myself as if I were in a dialogue，” he said. Lai also thought of ways to improve his skills. He used English to describe everything he saw. He even translated speeches when he

34、went to class meetings at the military school. He also read and listened to English news to learn new expressions. “There is no shortcut to mastering a language. You have to practice，” Lai said. After all, Rome wasn't built in a day. (　　)1. What should we do if we want to master English according

35、to the passage? A. Keep trying. B. Turn to a teacher. C. Share your story with others. D. Ask a classmate for help. (　　)2. What's the main idea of the second paragraph? A. Lai met a classmate. B. Lai entered a military school. C. Lai used to be weak in English. D. Lai learn

36、ed English after school. (　　)3. Whom did Lai talk to when he practiced dialogues? A. Himself. B. His brother. C. A classmate. D. An English teacher. (　　)4. How did Lai improve his skills in English? A. By using an old dictionary. B. By reading and listening to English news. C. By

37、 pronouncing a new word a hundred times. D. By describing what he saw in English and Chinese. (　　)5. How do you like Lai Shixiong? A. Easy-going and wise. B. Helpful and successful. C. Kind-hearted and honest. D. Patient and hard-working. Passage 6(2018陜西) Reading makes one w

38、ise, but many adults seldom read. They say they are too busy to have time to read. Sure. They have work to do. They have families to support. But these are only excuses. The fact is that they haven't got a reading habit. A reading habit isn't something natural. It needs to be trained. And it's never

39、 too late to develop a reading habit. Scientists believe proper books are very important for children to develop a good reading habit. A book in rich colours and with simple patterns(圖案) such as lines and circles is a good choice for babies of three months old. When they reach six months, they will

40、 become interested in simple story books in rich colours. When children get old enough to read by themselves, it's necessary to buy books that are both interesting and right for them to understand. Books which are either too easy or too difficult are not good for kids to keep their reading habits.

41、 Only buying books for children isn't enough. For kids, parents are their first teachers. So parents should read books to set an example. Children will follow them. Scientists say imitating the adults is a born skill. And it is the most valuable way for children to learn. This will certainly help th

42、em develop a reading habit in the end. (　　)1. According to the writer, many adults seldom read because they ________． A. don't have enough time B. have to work all the time C. haven't got a reading habit D. have to support the family (　　)2. The underlined word “imitating” here probably mea

43、ns ________． A. copying B. reading C. testing D. missing (　　)3. We can learn from the passage that ________． A. story books are better than books in colours B. a reading habit comes from certain training C. a three-month-old kid likes simple stories D. too easy books help keep a reading hab

44、it Passage 7(2018山西) Let children learn to judge(判斷) their own work. A child doesn't learn to talk by being corrected all the time. If he is corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the differences between the language he uses and the language others use. Little

45、 by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb or ride a bicycle. They compare their performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the changes

46、. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them himself. We do it all for him. We thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him work out wi

47、th the help of other children if he wants it. If it is a matter in math or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why_should_we_teachers_waste_time_on_such_daily_work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that he can't find the way to get the right an

48、swer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must learn, how to measure(估量) their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in their ways. School teachers can offer help if they ask for it. Some parents and teachers are worried that the

49、children might fail to learn something that they will need to get in the world. Don't worry! If it is important, they will go out into the world and learn it. (　　)1. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by ________． A. being always corrected B. following adult

50、s' advice C. doing as other people do (　　)2. The writer thinks teachers in school should ________． A. encourage students to learn from each other B. teach students how to get the answers directly C. tell students what is wrong as often as possible (　　)3. The underlined sentence in the third pa

51、ragraph means ________． A. teachers can't correct students' papers B. teachers needn't waste time teaching students in class C. teachers should help students improve their learning ability (　　)4. We can infer(推斷) that ________ from the passage. A. students can face any challenge easily B. stud

52、ents can learn a lot in the real life C. students can grow up without others' help (　　)5. The best title of the passage may be ________． A. Let Us Teachers Stop Working B. Let Children Learn by Themselves C. Let Parents Understand Their Kids 專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練六 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí) Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。以信件的形式呈現(xiàn)了劉亞在學(xué)習(xí)

53、中遇到的問(wèn)題，以及梅里給出的建議。 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C Passage 2【主旨大意】本文是一個(gè)圖表。麗塔因化學(xué)成績(jī)不好，不敢把成績(jī)單給父母看，因此尋求幫助，表中還列舉了五個(gè)人提出的建議。 1. A2. C3. B4. C5. C Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者在加利福尼亞伯克利大學(xué)前兩周的一些想不到的、有趣的、令人尷尬的經(jīng)歷。 1. C 2. B 3. A Passage 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了Carvel大學(xué)給學(xué)生提供的一種體驗(yàn)自然的新型課程，學(xué)生們?cè)跒槠谑斓南牧顮I(yíng)中學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程，體會(huì)

54、另一種學(xué)習(xí)方式。 1. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：這個(gè)課程能夠給學(xué)生提供什么？根據(jù)第一段“Students who get tired of looking at the four walls of a classroom might like to take the nature course...”可知課程是不同于在教室里進(jìn)行的常規(guī)課程。故選C。 2. C【解析】數(shù)字計(jì)算題。題干意為：在整個(gè)課程中，學(xué)生要步行多遠(yuǎn)？根據(jù)第一段中“ten-day camping trips”及第二段“...which is five to ten miles away.”可知每天是五到十英里，十天是

55、五十到一百英里。故選C。 3. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：學(xué)生們?cè)诔酝盹埱氨仨氁鍪裁?？根?jù)第二段最后一句“Before dinner each night, they all come together and discuss the day's activities.”可知學(xué)生在一天結(jié)束后要討論全天的活動(dòng)。故選D。 4. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從這個(gè)課程我們可以知道什么？根據(jù)第二段中“...start climbing up the mountain trail to the next campground...”可知，他們每天都有一個(gè)更換營(yíng)地的徒步活動(dòng)，故選A。 5

56、. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：從最后一段我們知道學(xué)生們。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知他們介意的是離開(kāi)自然美景和朋友們，回到城市中的平常生活。故選B。 Passage 5【主旨大意】 本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了賴世雄學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的經(jīng)歷。文章告訴我們：不論做何事情，失敗后只要不放棄、不懈努力，終將成功。 1. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)短文，我們?nèi)粝刖ㄓ⒄Z(yǔ)，該怎樣做？根據(jù)第一段中“If at first you don't succeed, try, try again...trying to master English.”可知選A。 2. C【解析】段落大意題。題干意為：第二段的主要

57、大意是什么？本段主要介紹了賴世雄曾經(jīng)英語(yǔ)很差，故選C。 3. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：賴世雄練習(xí)對(duì)話時(shí)，是在與誰(shuí)交流？根據(jù)第四段最后一句“...talked to myself as if...”可知選A。 4. B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：賴世雄如何提高他的英語(yǔ)技能？A項(xiàng)文中未提及；文章第三段只提到了他每天練習(xí)音標(biāo)上百遍，而非單詞，排除C；第五段講到他用英語(yǔ)描述見(jiàn)過(guò)的東西，排除D。根據(jù)第五段中“...read and listened to English news...”可知選B。 5. D【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：你認(rèn)為賴世雄如何？根據(jù)賴世雄學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的經(jīng)歷可知其很

58、努力；他能將音標(biāo)練習(xí)上百遍，可知他是有耐心的。故選D。 Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。說(shuō)明了培養(yǎng)孩子好的閱讀習(xí)慣的重要性。并就如何從小培養(yǎng)孩子的閱讀習(xí)慣、應(yīng)該買(mǎi)什么樣的書(shū)以及父母應(yīng)該給孩子什么樣的指導(dǎo)提出了建議。 1. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)作者(所說(shuō))，因?yàn)楹芏喑赡耆?，他們很少閱讀。根據(jù)第一段的第七句“The fact is that they haven't got a reading habit.”可知很多成年人很少閱讀，是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有閱讀習(xí)慣。故選C。 2. A【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。題干意為：劃線單詞“imitating”在此處的意思可能是。根據(jù)最后

59、一段第三、四句話“So parents should read books to set an example. Children will follow them.”可知“imitating”的意思是“模仿”。故選A。 3. B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：我們從文章中了解到。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二、三句話“A reading habit isn't something natural. It needs to be trained.”可知閱讀習(xí)慣來(lái)自于一些特定的訓(xùn)練。故選B。 Passage 7【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文。以孩子們說(shuō)話和日常行為為例，說(shuō)明別人不用過(guò)多地糾正他們的錯(cuò)誤，孩子

60、們自己會(huì)從與別人的不同之處慢慢糾正過(guò)來(lái)，慢慢做出改變，所以在學(xué)習(xí)中，老師不要總是糾正學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤，要讓他們學(xué)會(huì)自己改正錯(cuò)誤。 1. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)的最好方法是通過(guò)。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“...he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's.”可知，學(xué)習(xí)需要模仿，故選C。 2. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：作者認(rèn)為老師在學(xué)校里應(yīng)該。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Let him work out with the help of other children if

61、 he wants it.”可知，老師不應(yīng)該總是給孩子們指出錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)孩子們之間彼此學(xué)習(xí)，共同完成任務(wù)，故選A。 3. C【解析】句意猜測(cè)題。題干意為：第三段劃線句子的意思為。根據(jù)后文“Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must learn, how to measure(估量) their own under

62、standing, how to know what they know or do not know.”可知，這些都是屬于學(xué)習(xí)的能力，這是老師的任務(wù)，跟C項(xiàng)相符，故選C。 4. B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：從文章中我們可以推斷。從最后一段最后一句“If it is important, they will go out into the world and learn it.”可知，他們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中也能學(xué)到很多東西。故選B。 5. B【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。題干意為：文章最合適的題目可能是。本文主要就老師不要總是糾正學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤，要讓他們自己學(xué)會(huì)改正錯(cuò)誤的話題展開(kāi)議論。跟B項(xiàng)的意思相符，故選B。 10