（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)十 名詞性從句（含解析）

考點(diǎn)十名詞性從句限時(shí)25分鐘一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1_ she was invited to the ball made her very happy答案：That空格處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此用that引導(dǎo)該主語(yǔ)從句。2Children should be reminded of _ they should do in public places答案：what句意：應(yīng)該提醒孩子們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)所應(yīng)該做些什么。所填詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，意為“的事情”，故用what。3Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact _ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional答案：that句意：迪克喜歡畫(huà)畫(huà)，但他知道自己沒(méi)有成為一名專(zhuān)業(yè)畫(huà)家所需要的(素質(zhì))。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明fact的具體內(nèi)容。4Success partially depends on _ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly答案：whether根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；根據(jù)句意可判斷，設(shè)空處意為“是否”，其前有介詞on，故填 whether。5I lost my cell phone yesterday Can you tell me _ I can buy one?答案：wherewhere引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。6It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind答案：thatit為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的從句，從句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。7_ breaks the law will be punished答案：Whoever句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)違法都將受到懲罰。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指人，并且表泛指，故用whoever。8She will give _ needs help a warm support答案：whoever句意：凡是需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。由句意可知，應(yīng)填whoever，在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。9I have no idea _ the girl is doing in her room now答案：what句意：我不知道那個(gè)女孩現(xiàn)在在房間里干什么。由句意可知，應(yīng)填what，在同位語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，且意為“的事情”。10_ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions 答案：What分析句子成分可知，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且指事物，因此用what。11Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565答案：when句意：土豆被引入歐洲的確切時(shí)間不能確定，但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從around 1565判斷，這里指時(shí)間，故填when。12It shocked the world _ the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal答案：that句意：令世界震驚的是，美國(guó)退出了它所承諾的一些主要協(xié)議，包括2015年巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定和2015年伊朗核協(xié)議。此處it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。13I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure _ to begin答案：where句意：我現(xiàn)在需要幫助！我不得不修理洗手間里一個(gè)正在漏水的管子，但是我不確定從何處著手。此處表示是管子哪里漏水，表示地點(diǎn)，填where。14Forty grams of meat per day is _ people should consume in order to stay fit答案：what句意：為了保持健康，人們每天應(yīng)該消耗40克肉?！癬 people should consume”是表語(yǔ)從句，該從句中，consume缺少賓語(yǔ)，且表示“所的東西”，故要用what引導(dǎo)該從句。15The famous player tried again and again after each failure That's _ he succeeded at last答案：why句意：每次失敗后，這位著名的球員一次又一次地嘗試。那就是為什么他最終成功了(的原因)。be后面的是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，用why引導(dǎo)從句，表示結(jié)果，故填why。16The retired engineer is showing _ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know 答案：how句意：這位退休的工程師正在展示輪椅如何爬樓梯，這是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。由句意可知，填how，意為“怎么，如何”。這是how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。17It hasn't been made clear _ the new underground line is to be open to traffic答案：when句意：新的地鐵線(xiàn)路何時(shí)開(kāi)放還不清楚。由句意可知，填when。這是when引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，it是形式主語(yǔ)。18The problem is _ sometimes when we are given something on a constant basis, we start to take it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already have答案：that句意：?jiǎn)栴}是，有時(shí)候當(dāng)我們不斷地被給予某些東西時(shí)，我們就認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的，從而忘記了要對(duì)我們已經(jīng)擁有的東西應(yīng)該心存感恩。由于從句中成分完整，因此應(yīng)用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，that在從句中只起連接作用，不作任何成分。 19Ten percent of life is _ happens to you and ninety percent is _ you respond to it答案：what; how句意：生活的百分之十是事件本身，另有百分之九十在于你如何回應(yīng)它。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，happens to you缺少主語(yǔ)，意為“什么事”，因此應(yīng)用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)；第二空也引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，you respond to it成分齊全，因此應(yīng)用how，表方式。 20After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at _ we had been told was Garden in the Air答案：what句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一天筋疲力盡的攀爬，我們終于到了那個(gè)被稱(chēng)為“空中花園”的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，at為介詞，后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，we had been told為插入語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，且在句中意為“的事物(東西)”，故用what。 21Sometimes, _ we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her答案：how句意：有時(shí)我們?nèi)绾伪磉_(dá)對(duì)一個(gè)人的感激之情會(huì)體現(xiàn)在招待他或她的食物種類(lèi)上。此處用how，表方式，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。22It remains to be seen _ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going答案：whether句意：這個(gè)計(jì)劃是否足夠可行來(lái)讓這個(gè)工程繼續(xù)下去，還有待于進(jìn)一步觀(guān)察。whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，it是形式主語(yǔ)。23Some summer camps can provide you with as many as ten courses, and you are required to choose _ suits you best 答案：whichever句意：一些夏令營(yíng)可以提供多達(dá)10門(mén)課程，你可以從中選擇最適合自己的課程。choose后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且前句提到范圍即as many as ten courses，故此處表示你最喜歡的任何一門(mén)，故填whichever。24It is reported that a huge percentage of bird species are in danger It's _ their habitats or homelands are disappearing 答案：because句意：據(jù)報(bào)道大部分鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)正面臨危險(xiǎn)。這是因?yàn)樗鼈兊臈⒌鼗蚣覉@正在消失?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)前后兩句的關(guān)系，空格處表示因果關(guān)系，故使用because。25I just wonder _ it is that all the villagers think highly of him 答案：why句意：我就是想知道為什么所有的村民對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)這么高。wonder后面用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。26If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose _ you have already filled out on this form答案：whatever句意：如果你留下這個(gè)申請(qǐng)表不填，而去另一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，你將會(huì)丟失你在這個(gè)表格中已填好的任何東西。根據(jù)句意可知，是丟失已經(jīng)填好的表格內(nèi)容，用whatever引導(dǎo)。27_ they've managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear to us答案：How句意：他們是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我們還不清楚。主語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，且由managed to get everything finished可知空格處是表示方式，因此填How。28A proposal was put forward at the meeting _ the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school答案：that句意：一個(gè)建議在會(huì)上被提出來(lái)，新水泥廠(chǎng)不應(yīng)該建在學(xué)校附近。本題考查的是同位語(yǔ)從句，句中的“that the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school”解釋說(shuō)明名詞proposal。29The most exciting moment was _ I was given the first prize答案：when句意：我最興奮的時(shí)刻是我獲得第一名的時(shí)候。根據(jù)句中的“exciting moment”可知，此處是when引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。30They are discussing the problem _ they should stop investing money in that project 答案：whether句意：他們正在討論是否應(yīng)該停止向那個(gè)項(xiàng)目投資的問(wèn)題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后面是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋前面“problem”的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)句意，缺少表示“是否”的詞，而if不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，只能填whether。二、單句改錯(cuò)1The fact when he had not said anything surprised me_答案：whenthat本句中含有同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明The fact的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，故引導(dǎo)詞用that。2That the fat boy needs is much more practice_答案：ThatWhatis前面的句子是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少needs的賓語(yǔ)，且意為“的事物(東西)”，因此應(yīng)用what。3That we can arrive there on time depends on the weather_答案：ThatWhether句意：我們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里取決于天氣。whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，本句中的主語(yǔ)從句缺乏表示“是否”的連接詞，故將That改為Whether。4The reason why she doesn't like me is I make her angry_答案：is后加thatis后是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此應(yīng)用that。表語(yǔ)從句中that不能省略?！癟he reason why is that ”是一固定句型，意為“的原因是”。5I have been worrying about if I have hurt Mary's feelings_答案：ifwhether賓語(yǔ)從句位于介詞之后，表“是否”時(shí)，只能用whether引導(dǎo)，不能用if。6That surprised us most was that Tom should have left without a word_答案：ThatWhat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且意為“的事情”，應(yīng)用What。7It's no longer a question now that man can land on the moon_答案：thatwhether句意：現(xiàn)在，人類(lèi)是否能登上月球已經(jīng)不再是一個(gè)問(wèn)題了。句中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是whether引導(dǎo)的從句。8The real reason why I don't have a hobby is because I don't have time_答案：becausethat句意：我沒(méi)有愛(ài)好的真正的原因是我沒(méi)時(shí)間。表語(yǔ)從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此應(yīng)用that。The reason why is that “的原因是”。9The news they had won the game soon spread over the whole country _答案：news后加that句意：他們贏(yíng)得比賽的消息很快就傳遍了全國(guó)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋前面的news 的內(nèi)容，that不能省略。10The organizers promise who wins the first prize a chance to go abroad _答案：whowhoever句意：組織者承諾無(wú)論誰(shuí)獲得一等獎(jiǎng)都會(huì)有出國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)。在題干中，promise后面跟的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，who指具體的“誰(shuí)”，與題意不符；whoever是“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”之意，相當(dāng)于anyone who，可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，與題意相符。 11Mary is a humorous and warm­hearted woman and that is because she is a most popular person in her community_答案：becausewhy句意：瑪麗是一個(gè)很幽默而且很熱心的女人，這就是她為什么會(huì)成為社區(qū)里非常受歡迎的人。that is后引導(dǎo)的句子作is的表語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果，故用why。12The question is if they will be able to help us_答案：ifwhether句意：?jiǎn)栴}是他們是否能幫我們。本句中包含表語(yǔ)從句，if不連接表語(yǔ)從句，故將if改為whether。13In the office an electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to know whether the heat system works_答案：whetherhow句意：辦公室里一名電氣工程師正在瀏覽說(shuō)明書(shū)為了弄明白供熱系統(tǒng)是如何工作的。know后是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，連接詞在從句中表示方式。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)將whether改為how。14I know nothing about him except he is from the south _答案：except后加thatexcept that是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，連接賓語(yǔ)從句，故在except后加that。15He says the book is very interesting, and all the children love to read it _答案：and后加that動(dòng)詞后接有兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)以及以后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的that不能省略。名詞性從句(一)名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句四種。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類(lèi)：連詞：that, whether, if (在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分)。連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever等。連接副詞：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。注意：that在名詞性從句中不作任何成分，但在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中也不能省略，在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可以省略；that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可以省略；whether和if意為“是否”，在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換使用(注意介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句只能用whether引導(dǎo))；在表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句且主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用whether。從句均用陳述語(yǔ)序。一、主語(yǔ)從句1主語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分的從句。That_he_passed_the_driving_test made us very happyWho_will_take_over_the_company has not been decided yet2為了防止一些句子頭重腳輕，通常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。用it作形式主語(yǔ)的常用句型It is名詞(a fact, a shame, a pity, good news ) that It is形容詞(true, certain, clear ) that It is過(guò)去分詞(said, reported, believed ) that It不及物動(dòng)詞(occurs, matters )that從句It_is_certain_that you will pass the College Entrance ExamIt_is_a_pity_that I missed the party held last nightIt_is_reported_that the accident was caused by carelessnessIt_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with her二、賓語(yǔ)從句1賓語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分的從句。分為及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、形容詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。Do you know who_has_got_the_first_prize?We are talking about whether_we_admit_students_into_our_clubI am sure I_will_pass_the_exam2it作形式賓語(yǔ)，常用的動(dòng)詞有：find, make, feel, think, consider等。I find it necessary that_we_do_some_reading_every_day3有些動(dòng)詞不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，需要借助形式賓語(yǔ)it。常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ike, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等。I hate it when_people_speak_with_their_mouths_fullI would appreciate it if_you_could_stay_for_lunch4在suggest, demand, insist, order 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即 (should)動(dòng)詞原形。She suggested that we (should)_not_go there for holiday限時(shí)25分鐘一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1(2017·北京高考)Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival答案：whoever句意：每年，在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上，制作出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人會(huì)贏(yíng)得一份獎(jiǎng)品。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且表示“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，故填whoever。2(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree­lined street, not knowing _ she was heading答案：where句意：簡(jiǎn)在綠樹(shù)成蔭的街道上漫無(wú)目的地走著，不知道她要去哪里。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)。3(2016·北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust答案：that句意：雨季最令人愉悅的是人們可以完全不受灰塵的煩擾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空需要連接詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，連接詞在從句中不作任何成分，也無(wú)任何意義，只起連接作用，故用that引導(dǎo)。4(2017·江蘇高考)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge答案：what句意：我們選擇這家賓館是因?yàn)檫@里住一晚上的價(jià)格降到了20美元，這是其過(guò)去要價(jià)的一半。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少charge的賓語(yǔ)且表示“事物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。5(2017·天津高考)She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't答案：whether/if句意：她問(wèn)我是否已經(jīng)把書(shū)還給圖書(shū)館，我承認(rèn)我還沒(méi)有歸還。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意可知，該賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether/if引導(dǎo)，表“是否”。6(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant There is too much work to do答案：that句意：經(jīng)理提出了一條建議，我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做。suggestion后是同位語(yǔ)從句，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和句意均完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。7(2016·北京高考)Your support is important to our work _ you can do helps答案：Whatever句意：你的支持對(duì)于我們的工作很重要，不管你做什么都能幫助我們。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空需要連接代詞whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。8(2018·北京西城模擬)Could you give me some advice on getting a job?First, find out _ you like doing best答案：what句意：你能給我一些有關(guān)找工作的建議嗎？首先要弄清楚你最喜歡做什么。“_ you like doing best”為賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)(doing的賓語(yǔ))，且設(shè)空處意為“的事”，故答案為what。9(2018·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬)My mother knew where we were at all times She knew _ our friends were答案：who/where句意：我母親總是知道我們?cè)谀睦?。她知道我們的朋友是誰(shuí)/在哪里。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處在賓語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)，且表示“身份或地點(diǎn)”，故用who或where引導(dǎo)。10(2018·河南模擬)I had no idea _ a stage manager actually did答案：what句意：我不知道舞臺(tái)經(jīng)理實(shí)際做些什么?！癬 a stage manager actually did”為賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，且設(shè)空處指“事物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。11(2018·青島模擬)The problem is _ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time答案：how/whether句意：?jiǎn)栴}是我們?nèi)绾?是否能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)提升閱讀技能。根據(jù)句意可知，填how/whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。12(2018·安徽聯(lián)考)It's my treat today Is there anything particular you would like to have?_ you choose is fine with me答案：Whatever句意：今天我請(qǐng)客，你有什么特別想吃的嗎？無(wú)論你選擇什么對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都可以?！癬 you choose”為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中choose缺賓語(yǔ)，且指“無(wú)論什么”，故用whatever。13(2018·天津高考)When I told Sally _ happened, she covered her mouth, laughing答案：what句意：當(dāng)我告訴薩里發(fā)生了什么事情的時(shí)候，她捂著嘴笑了。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作told 的賓語(yǔ)。14(2018·浙江高考)It's partly true _ Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life 答案：that句意：這一點(diǎn)部分是真實(shí)的，即狄更斯的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格吸引了各行各業(yè)的人們。it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中不作任何成分。15(2018·浙江高考)This is _ there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it答案：why句意：這就是為什么有這樣的一種說(shuō)法，求忙人才能做成事。此處why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。16(2018·江蘇高考)_ starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school答案：What句意：開(kāi)始中學(xué)生玩這些應(yīng)用程序只是因?yàn)樗鼈冇腥ぃ髞?lái)它們變成了一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)社交互動(dòng)中的巨大壓力。what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。17(2018·全國(guó)高考作業(yè)幫高考預(yù)測(cè)卷)One of my favorite sports­related memories was _ I was at the basketball team in high school 答案：when句意：我最喜歡的與體育有關(guān)的記憶之一就是我高中參加籃球隊(duì)的時(shí)候。由句中的memories可知，應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。18(2018·四川綿陽(yáng)高三考前模擬)What is concerning us greatly is _the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free答案：when/whether句意：我們非常關(guān)心的是昨天在那個(gè)地區(qū)被搶劫的工人們什么時(shí)候/是否會(huì)被釋放。此處缺表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞且從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，故可用when/whether。19(2018·安徽省皖南八校高三聯(lián)考)The practical suggestion came from the representatives_ the new rule be adopted答案：that句意：來(lái)自代表們的切實(shí)可行的建議是：這項(xiàng)新規(guī)定應(yīng)該被采納。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明suggestion的內(nèi)容，而該從句意思非常完整，所以要用that引導(dǎo)。20(2018·長(zhǎng)春市高三二模)_ is the most important to him is not his job, but his family答案：What句意： 對(duì)于他來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的不是他的工作而是他的家庭。此處what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。21(2019·廈門(mén)一中高三模擬)His success in digital field proved _ it took to be a best CEO 答案：what句意：他在數(shù)字領(lǐng)域的成功證明了要想成為最好的CEO所需要的條件。proved后接賓語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)閺木渲衪ook缺賓語(yǔ)，且該賓語(yǔ)意為“的事物(東西)”，填what。22(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in _ is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today答案：what句意：2,200多年前在現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)西南部的四川省，建造的這個(gè)驚人的工程至今仍在使用。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。23(2019·廣東省五校高三聯(lián)考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is _ you don't speak at all答案：when句意：在日本，人們公認(rèn)最好的交流是當(dāng)你什么也不說(shuō)時(shí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處填when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。24(2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn't be _ we are now答案：where句意： 如果沒(méi)有他的支持，我們不可能取得現(xiàn)在的成就。分析句子是一個(gè)含蓄條件句，without引導(dǎo)條件，主句中是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，where we are指我們所處的現(xiàn)狀，是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。25(2018·北京高考)This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best答案：what句意：這是我父親已經(jīng)教給我的東西：總是勇敢地面對(duì)困難并且抱最好的希望。what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少taught的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。26(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle race答案：whoever句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)獲得自行車(chē)比賽第一名，金牌將授予他。分析句子可知，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故用whoever，表示“任何人，無(wú)論誰(shuí)”。27(2018·江蘇高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived 答案：how句意：乘船是到達(dá)這里唯一的途徑，這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)的。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，is后面為表語(yǔ)從句。這里用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“如何”。 28(2019·河北曲周縣一中高三模擬)I'd like to start my own businessthat's _ I'd do if I had money答案：what句意：我想自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，那是我有錢(qián)后要做的事。此處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，意為“的事情”。故用what。29(2018·天津高考)The possibility _ there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space答案：that此處that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明possibility的內(nèi)容。30(2019·海南儋州一中高三統(tǒng)測(cè))Today, people still come and goto see _ the Canadian gold rush happened答案：where句意：如今，人們?nèi)匀粊?lái)往這里看加拿大的淘金熱在哪里發(fā)生的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。二、單句改錯(cuò)1(2018·全國(guó)卷)But sometimes we're not aware what cheaply we can make this food ourselves_答案：whathow句意：但是有的時(shí)候我們意識(shí)不到我們自己可以使得這種食物多么地便宜。此處修飾cheaply。用副詞how。2(2018·全國(guó)卷)The general rule is what mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people_答案：whatthat句意：通常的規(guī)則是氣候溫暖的地區(qū)語(yǔ)言種類(lèi)少，而說(shuō)這些語(yǔ)言的人人數(shù)較多。that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作任何成分，而what作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。本句不缺少成分，故將what改為that。3(2018·全國(guó)卷)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whenever is ahead of you for the day_答案：wheneverwhatever句意：鍛煉使得你更加清醒并且隨時(shí)做好處理你所面臨的困難的準(zhǔn)備。handle后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，而whenever作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故將whenever改為whatever。 4(2018·全國(guó)卷)That is only evidence which traditions once existed_答案：whichthat句意：這是唯一的證據(jù)證明傳統(tǒng)曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，介紹前面的evidence的內(nèi)容。5(2018·北京高考)It's hard to predict why driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads_答案：whywhen句意：很難預(yù)測(cè)什么時(shí)候無(wú)人駕駛汽車(chē)會(huì)行駛在我們的道路上。when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。6(2018·河南六市高三聯(lián)考)The tour pal lost his way in the mountain; that made things worse was that it began to rain_答案：第一個(gè)thatwhat句意：這個(gè)驢友在山里迷路了，更糟糕的是開(kāi)始下雨了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句包含兩個(gè)并列分句。而第二個(gè)分句的主語(yǔ)為what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在主語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。7(2018·湖北四地高三聯(lián)考)Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion on if people should keep pets at home in cities_答案：ifwhetherif和whether都可以表示“是否”，但是介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句只能用whether引導(dǎo)，因此將if改成whether。8(2018·河南焦作模擬)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do_答案：thatwhat句意：到達(dá)學(xué)校后，我和一些同學(xué)討論我們能做點(diǎn)什么。本句中含有賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少do的賓語(yǔ)，且表示“事物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。9(2019·江蘇質(zhì)檢)The hope he may recover is not gone yet_答案：hope后加that本句中含有同位語(yǔ)從句，其中連接詞that不能省略。10(2016·全國(guó)卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live_答案：thatwhere句意：我的叔叔是我住處附近的一家餐館的老板。賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)。11(2018·山西四校聯(lián)考)What I believe it's the best way to get close to nature_答案：去掉WhatI believe后為省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句，what為多余成分。12(2019·唐山模擬)I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me_答案：whatwhich句意：我不知道該買(mǎi)哪一本，因?yàn)檫@些書(shū)對(duì)我都有用。which指“哪一本”符合句意。13(2018·浙江質(zhì)檢)You want to know that everything is going in our school_答案：thathowknow后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少方式狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用how。14(2018·河南八市聯(lián)考)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do_答案：whichwhatwhat引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，此處意為“的事情”，在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。15(2019·河北調(diào)研)The question that who should do the job requires consideration_答案：去掉thatthe question后為同位語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句是由who引導(dǎo)的，that為多余的連接詞。名詞性從句(二)三、表語(yǔ)從句1表語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分的從句。通常位于be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞look, seem等之后。The problem is when_we_can_get_a_pay_riseThat is what_I_want_to_tell_you2表語(yǔ)從句可以用as if/though 引導(dǎo)，意為“好像”。It looks as_if it is going to rain3because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因