2018秋高中英語 Unit 2 The United Kingdom同步練習 新人教版必修5

Unit 2 The United Kingdom話題誦讀 日積月累導語英國是個以城市為主的國家，80%的人都生活在城市里。在世界上英國是個有著巨大影響力的國家。The United Kingdom is a nation of cities.The United Kingdom is one of the most urban nations in the world.Eighty percent of its people live in cities.London has almost 8 million people.London is the centre of British life.It is the nation's leader in economy，politics，art，education，and entertainment.It is one of the world's greatest cities.People from all over the world visit London.People from many parts of the world now live there，and you can hear African，Asian，and other languages spoken there.It is the capital of the United Kingdom.Almost everyone in the United Kingdom speaks English.Some people in Wales speak only Welsh.Generally，however，everyone in the United Kingdom can talk with everyone else.This is one way in which the nation is united.Another way in which the people are united is by their religion.Ninety-five percent of the British people are Protestant.The Anglican Church is the largest in England.The Presbyterian Church is the largest in Scotland.Although religion is a unifying idea for most of the nation，it divides the people in Northern Ireland.Most British citizens read and write English.This is mainly because free elementary and secondary education is given to each child in the United Kingdom.Children go to school between the ages of five and sixteen.University education，however，is limited to those who can pass strict tests.詞海拾貝1urban adj.都市的，城市的，城鎮(zhèn)的2entertainment n款待；表演；文娛節(jié)目3unify vt.使一致；使單一化；統(tǒng)一4elementary adj.初級的；基礎的5secondary adj.中級的問題思考1Where does the most population of the United Kingdom live？(no more than 8 words)_2What do you know about London？(no more than 12 words)_答案：1.Eighty percent of its people live in cities.2It is the nation's leader in economy，politics，art，education and entertainment.自主預習 步步提高詞匯識記.為單詞選擇正確的釋義1attractA組成；構(gòu)成2consist B澄清；闡明3clarify C矛盾；沖突4conflict D吸引；引起注意5currency E完成；實現(xiàn)6unwilling F不愿意；不樂意7convenience G便利；方便8accomplish H貨幣；通貨9rough I收藏品；收集10collection J粗糙的；粗暴的答案：1.D2.A3.B4.C5.H6.F7.G8.E9.J10.I.根據(jù)漢語提示寫出單詞1_vi.&vt.聯(lián)合；團結(jié)2_n??；行政區(qū)3_n信任；學分；贊揚4_n制度；機制5_n鄉(xiāng)下；農(nóng)村答案：1.unite2.province3.credit4.institution5.countryside.根據(jù)英語釋義寫出單詞1_：giving joy，pleasant2_：put in order；make plans in advance3_：bend one part of a thing back over on itself4_：give great pleasure to；please greatly5_：excited feeling passing like a wave along the nerves答案：1.enjoyable2.arrange3.fold4.delight5.thrill.選用短語的適當形式填空consist of；break away from；leave out；break down；to one's credit；keep one's eyes open；in memory of；take the place of1The printing machines are always _，which annoys him a lot.2I couldn't make sense of the passage.You must have _ some important information while copying it.3New Zealand is a country lying off the eastern coast of Australia，_ two big islands and many smaller ones.4She couldn't attend the meeting so her assistant _ her.5The town was named after Mr Smith，_ his great contributions to its development.6_ if you want to find the boy in a red sweater.7_，Emma passed such a difficult examination.8Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to _ China.答案：1.breaking down2.left out3.consisting of4.took the place of5.in memory of6.Keep your eyes open7.To her credit8.break away from.領會句子所用的句型并譯成漢語1Now when people refer to England you find_Wales _included as well._2Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by_getting_ Ireland_ connected in the same peaceful way._3It_is_a_pity_that_the_industrial_cities_built_in_the_nineteenth_century do not attract visitors._4It has the oldest port built_by_the_Romans_in_ the_ _first_ _century_AD，the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066._5You must keep_your_eyes_open_if you are going to make_your_trip_to_the_United_Kingdom_enjoyable_and_worthwhile_答案：1.現(xiàn)在當人們說到英格蘭時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也包括在其中。2最后，在20世紀初，英國政府試圖通過同樣的和平方式把愛爾蘭聯(lián)合起來以形成聯(lián)合王國。3遺憾的是，這些建于19世紀的工業(yè)城市并不能吸引游客。4它有公元1世紀由羅馬人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格魯撒克遜人始建于11世紀60年代的最古老的建筑，還有公元1066年由后來的諾曼人統(tǒng)治者建造的最古老的城堡。5如果你想要使你的英國之旅令人愉快，不虛此行，你就必須把眼睛睜得大大的。語篇理解課文表層理解.判斷正(T)誤(F)1The UK includes England，Wales，Scotland and Ireland.()2The three countries were united by war instead of peacefully.()3Northern Ireland，England and Scotland have developed different educational and legal systems but they do work together in some areas as well.()4The Romans left their language and their government to London.()答案：1.F2.F3.T4.F.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答問題1Look at the map and the title of the reading passage.Answer“How many parts does the UK consist of and what are they？”_2What is the name of the UK's flag?_3In what areas do the four countries work together?_4What are the three zones of England?_答案：1.Four and they are England，Scotland，Wales，and Northern Ireland.2The Union Jack.3The currency and international relations.4The zone nearest France is called the South of England，the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North.根據(jù)對文章的理解將下面表格補充完整(每空一詞)Formation of the UK·Wales was 1._ to England in the 13th century.·The Great Britain came into being in the 17th century，2._ England，Wales and Scotland.·The UK was 3._ by getting Ireland connected in the early 20th century.Introductions to England·People divided it into three zones and the 4._ of its population are in the South.·We can find more 5._ cities in the Midlands and the North.·Many cities are quite 6._，but they have world-famous football teams.Introductions to London·The Romans built its 7._ port.·The Anglo-Saxons began the oldest buildings.·The Vikings had an 8._ on the vocabulary.·The oldest castles were constructed by the Normans.答案：1.linked2.including3.formed4.majority5.industrial6.small7.oldest8.influence課文深層理解.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容匹配段落及其大意1Para.1AExplains the differences in the four countries.2Para.2 BExplains how the UK came into being.3Para.3 CExplains how England is divided into three zones.4Para.4 DIntroduces the topic to the readers.5Paras. 5&6 EExplains the importance of London as a cultural and political centre in the UK.答案：1.D2.B3.A4.C5.E.仔細閱讀課文選擇最佳選項1When were England and Wales linked to Scotland?AIn the 13th century AD.BWhen the Great Britain was formed.CWhen the southern Ireland formed its own government.DWhen King James became King of England and Wales.2Where do you have to go if you want to find more about British history and culture?AIndustrial cities.BOlder but smaller towns first built by the Romans.CThe Midlands of England.DThe North of England.3Which invaders influenced London's language most?AAnglo-Saxons.BRomans.CNormans. DVikings.4From the passage，we know that_Aall the four countries share the same educational systemsBthe Romans came to England before the Anglo-SaxonsCit was easy for Northern Ireland to join England，Scotland and WalesDmost of the industries are in the South of England 5How many countries does the UK consist of?ATwo. BThree.CFour. DFive.答案：1.D2.B3.A4.B5.C.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答下列問題1How can you clarify the question why different words are used to describe the four countries：England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland? (Para.1)_2Why is Wales included when England is referred to? (Para.2)_3How did England，Wales and Scotland become a country in a peaceful way? (Para.2)_4What happened when the English government tried to get Ireland to join with England? (Para.2)_5Does the author think it is a good idea for the four countries to work together? How do you know that? (Para.3)_6What are the characteristics of the cities in England compared to the cities in China? (Para.4)_7Where can visitors find more about British history and culture? (Para.4)_8Where can visitors find historical treasure in London? (Para.5)_9How can visitors find evidence of all the invaders? (Para.6)_10How can visitors make their trip to the UK enjoyable and worthwhile? (Para.6)_答案：1.By studying British history.2Because Wales was linked to England in the 13th century.3When King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales，England，Wales and Scotland became a country without conflict (in a peaceful way)4Northern Ireland agreed to join with England while the southern part of Ireland refused to do so by breaking away from the government.5Yes，he does.From “to their credit”，he knows that the author is in favour of it.6The cities in England are generally smaller than those in China，but they each have one or two worldfamous football teams.7They can find more about British history and culture in older but smaller towns built by the Romans.8They can find historical treasure in museums，theatres，parks，buildings，ports and castles in London.9Visitors find evidence of all the invaders by looking around the countryside.10Visitors can make their trip to the UK enjoyable and worthwhile by keeping their eyes open.知識聚焦 講練互動要點直擊1consist of由組成/構(gòu)成(不用于進行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài))(教材原句P9)How many countries does the UK consist of?英國由幾個部分組成？ 歸納拓展consist of表示“整體包含部分”；make up表示“部分組成整體”，既可以用于主動語態(tài)，也可以用于被動語態(tài)。在意義上，consist of相當于be made up of/be composed of。The book consists of nineteen chapters.The book is made up of nineteen chapters.全書共有19章。consist in在于，存在于consist with與一致(1)The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.英國由大不列顛和北愛爾蘭組成。(2)The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colours.這幅畫的美在于其色彩的調(diào)和。(3)The information consists with his account.消息與他的敘述相符合。 即學即練完成句子。救援隊由8個士兵和2個醫(yī)生組成。(一句多譯)The rescue team _ eight soldiers and two doctors.The rescue team _ eight soldiers and two doctors.Eight soldiers and two doctors _ the rescue team.The true wealth _，but in what we are.真正的財富不在于我們擁有什么，而在于我們的人格。答案：consists ofis made up ofmake updoes not consist in what we have2divide.into把分成(教材原句P9)England can be divided into three main areas.英國被分成三大主要地區(qū)。The teacher divided our class into five groups.老師把我們班分成五個小組。 歸納拓展divide sth(between/among sb)把某物分配(給某人)divide A by B用B除以Aseparate和divide均可與介詞into和from連用。注意：只要介詞相同，意思就相同?！鞍逊殖?幾部分)”除了“divide.into”外，也可以說“separate.into”。The children were divided/separated into six groups for the game.孩子們被分成六個小組做游戲?！鞍雅c分隔開來”除了“separate.from”外，也可以說“divide.from”。The hospital had to separate/divide the patients from the others.醫(yī)院不得不把病人和其他人隔離開來。(1)A year is divided into four seasons.一年分為四個季節(jié)。(2)He divided his time between reading and writing.他把時間用在閱讀和寫作上。(3)If you divide 12 by 3，you will get 4.12除以3等于4。 易混辨析divide/separate詞語辨析divide側(cè)重于把原來的整體分成若干部分。常與介詞between，among，by，into等搭配separate指把原來連在一起或靠近的事物“分隔”開來，也可指“離別”。常用的詞組有：separate.from. 即學即練完成句子。He _ his energies _ politics and business.他把精力一部分用在政治上，另一部分用在生意上。Police tried to _警察力圖把兩個打架的人分開。England _ France by the English Channel.英國與法國被英吉利海峽隔開。The job is too much for you.Why not _ small parts among your partners?這份工作對你來說太沉重了。為什么不把它分成幾個小部分和你的同伴一起完成呢？答案：dividesbetweenseparate the two men who were fightingis separated fromdivide it into3clarify vt.澄清；闡明；講清楚(教材原句P9)You can clarify this question if you study British history.如果你研究英國的歷史，你就能夠弄明白這個問題。 歸納拓展clarify one's stand/position闡明自己的立場clarify the situation 澄清事實/情況clear adj. 清澈的；透明的clarified adj. 純凈的clarification n. 澄清；說明(1)He left the matter to clarify gradually by itself.他讓此事的真相逐漸自行澄清。(2)Can you clarify this long sentence?你能把這個長句子解釋清楚嗎？(3)He clarified his stand on the issue of Syria on behalf of the government.他代表政府闡明了他在敘利亞問題上的立場。(4)The issue you referred to at the conference needs clarification.你在會議上提及的這個問題需要說明。 即學即練用clarify的適當形式填空。An example will help to _ what I mean.The _ water from the factory has been recycled.I'm seeking _ of the regulations.完成句子。His explanation _他的解釋把這個謎團澄清了。I'll _ at a proper time.我將在合適的時候澄清我的觀點。答案：clarifyclarifiedclarificationclarified the puzzleclarify my view4break away(from)掙脫(束縛)；脫離；與斷絕關系；打破(陳規(guī)陋習等)(教材原句P10)However，the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，愛爾蘭的南部卻不情愿這樣并分離出去建立了自己的政府。 歸納拓展break in打斷；闖入；訓練；使逐漸習慣break into 闖入；打斷(話題)；突然起來break into pieces 成為碎片break off 折斷；突然停止；暫停break out (戰(zhàn)爭、火災等)爆發(fā)break through 突圍；突破break up 分解；驅(qū)散(1)The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.犯人從兩名警察的看守下逃了出去。(2)At that time，the American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.當時美國南方各州想脫離聯(lián)邦。(3)She broke in with a silly question.她突然插話提了個可笑的問題。(4)I'm surprised to hear that the actor and his girlfriend have broken up.聽說這個演員和女友分手了，我很吃驚。 即學即練用介詞、副詞填空。It is wrong of him to break away _ all his good friends.I was about to go to bed when a big man broke _ my house.They decided to break _ the partnership.Scientists think they are beginning to break _ in the fight against cancer.She broke _ in the middle of a sentence.答案：fromintooffthroughup5to one's credit為帶來榮譽；值得贊揚；在名下(教材原句P10)To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.值得稱贊的是這四個國家在一些方面的確是共同合作的 歸納拓展on credit記賬；分期付款be a credit to sb/sth 對是一種榮譽do sb credit 使值得贊揚；為爭臉/光(1)She has a large sum standing to her credit in the bank.她的銀行存款還有一大筆金額。(2)We bought a new car on credit.我們用分期付款買了一輛新車。(3)Such a student is a credit to the school.這樣的學生是學校的驕傲。(4)Your children really do you credit.你的孩子真為你爭臉。 即學即練單句語法填空或完成句子。Nobel Prize is a great credit _ scientists.They do not buy anything _ credit._ his credit，Buffett has admitted his mistakes._(值得贊揚的是)，John Snow finally found a cure for the severe disease.Although the young couple don't have enough money to pay for the car，they can take it _(賒欠)答案：toonToTo his crediton credit6(教材原句P10) England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在這四個國家中，英格蘭最大，為了方便起見，它大致被分為了三個地區(qū)。 歸納拓展convenience n方便，便利for one's convenience 為方便for convenience's sake 為方便起見at one's convenience 在方便的時候convenient adj.方便的； 便利的be convenient to sbIt is convenient for sb to do sth 即學即練單句語法填空。We bought this house for its _Please come at your _The newlybuilt office building is equipped with many modern _Will the 3：50 train be _ to you?答案：convenienceconvenienceconveniencesconvenient7leave.out省去；遺漏；不考慮，忽視(教材原句P11)Which country is left out?哪個國家沒包括在內(nèi)？ 歸納拓展leave out中的out為副詞，接代詞作賓語時，應把代詞置于leave與out之間。Leave it out，please.請把它省略掉。leave aside不予考慮，擱置一邊leave behind把拋在后面；落后leave.alone對置之不理；讓單獨待著(1)He told me this sentence could be left out.他告訴我這個句子可以省去。(2)He was so absorbed in the details that he left out the main content.他太專注于細節(jié)，以致漏掉了主要內(nèi)容。(3)We left out the possibility of his coming.我們沒有考慮到他會來。(4)No one speaks to him.He's always left out.沒人跟他講話，他總是被冷落。 即學即練單句語法填空或完成句子。You are likely to have left _ the main content.so you haven't clarified your view.He has left the other boys _ in the race.I think we should leave her _ and give her some time.Let's leave _ the matter for a moment.Please call for me when you go；don't _你去的時候來接我，可別把我落下。When the boss gets mad，_當老板生氣時，不要理他。答案：outbehindaloneasideleave me behindleave him alone8take the place of/take one's place代替；替換(教材原句P12)All of the words below can take the place of said.下面所有這些單詞都能替換“said” 歸納拓展take place發(fā)生in place 在適當位置上；合適的in place of sb/sth 代替某人或某物in one's place 在某人的位置上；代替某人out of place 不合適；不適當She couldn't attend the meeting，so her assistant took her place.她不能出席會議，所以由她的助手代替。 即學即練完成句子。The agency has rung up.Do you want another girl sent along _ Miss Lewis?辦事處已來過電話。你想讓他們派另外一個姑娘來代替路易斯小姐嗎？The chairs for the concert were all _音樂會的座椅都已擺放妥當。What would you do if you were _？如果你處在我的位置上，你會怎么做？I felt _ among the foreigners.在一群外國人中間我覺得不自在。答案：in place ofin placein my placeout of place9break down(機器)損壞；出故障；毀掉；(人)垮掉；(關系等)中止；失??；分解(教材原句P13)On my way to the station my car broke down.在去車站的路上，我的車壞了。(1)The printing machines are always breaking down.打印機老是出故障。(2)His health broke down under the pressure of work.由于工作的壓力，他的健康狀況急劇惡化。(3)Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.兩個國家的會談已經(jīng)徹底破裂了。 即學即練寫出下列句子中break down的含義。The car broke down halfway to the destination._Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances._I left London when my marriage broke down._The bridge broke down in the big earthquake._答案：出故障分解中止垮掉應用落實.單句改錯每句中有1處錯誤，找出并加以改正。1When first introducing to the market，these products enjoyed great success._2I have arranged for a car to pick you up，because my car breaks down yesterday._3Rainbow Valley is great tourist attraction，drawing many visitors every year._4That delighted the fans was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament._5Please come and see me f