2020高考英語一輪復習 課時提能練36 Unit 1 A land of diversity 新人教版選修8

課時提能練(三十六)選修8Unit 1A land of diversity課時作業(yè)A：基礎層面.語境語法填空 AThe presidential 1.election (elect) will take place next month, which appeals to as many as five 2.applicants (apply) for candidates. It is generally accepted that the competition is 3.apparently (apparent) more fierce than usual. There are clear 4.distinctions (distinct) among their ruling ideas. The 5.majority (major) of the voters are in favor of the Democratic candidate. There is every 6.indication (indicate) that he has more 7.thoughtful (thought) ideas about improving people's livelihood. Besides, he holds an attitude that any 8.racial (race) discrimination should be forbidden.BDozens of people have died 9.from an unknown disease in Congo, an African country. Children are in 10.the majority. Hospitals have taken 11.in hundreds of suspected cases. Researchers from UN are teaming 12.up with local doctors to look into the causes 13.by means of specific techniques. They are applying 14.for permission from the government to mark 15.out the places where the disease may break out and prohibit the people there to leave for other places. Evidence suggests that some bad habits and old practices the local residents have kept 16.up for decades do harm to the environment and that the disease is mostly likely linked to such things.CJack likes exploring the Amazon in Brazil, but he never takes chances; that's 17.why he has survived while most of his partners haven't. He prefers 18.to make(make) careful plans in advance rather than risk his life to do things that are bound to fail. Last week, Jack began another trip to the Amazon. First he arrived in 19.what is known as Manaus, a city where 20.it is believed that some places of interest are well worth a visit. Province Palace is one of them. 21.Built (build) in 1874, this building used to serve as police headquarters. Today, it is home to several different organizations. Jack felt like 22.dropping (drop) in at this building before his boat tour to the Amazon.語境短文改錯 根據(jù)P8課文內(nèi)容，對下面材料進行修改。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。George arrived early on the morning by bus. He went straight to the hotel and dropped his luggage, then he went explore. The first thing was a ride on cable car. From top of the hill he gets a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Building in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie. He was wanted to find a better form of transport than horse­drawn trams. Apparent, he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in that a tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. With so many exploring, he was exhausting and had a rest.答案George arrived early the morning by bus. He went straight to the hotel and dropped his luggage, then he went . The first thing was a ride on cable car. From top of the hill he a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie. He wanted to find a better form of transport than horse­drawn trams. ， he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in a tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. With so exploring, he was and had a rest.根據(jù)提示補全句子1他從不放棄學習英語，那就是他最后成功的原因。(why引導的表語從句)He never gave up learning English. That was why he was successful at last.2科學家們最終到達了所謂的北極。(what引導的賓語從句)The scientists finally arrived in what was called the North Pole3與整個地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一點也不大。(過去分詞作狀語)Compared with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.4對我們學生而言參觀長城有可能是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。( likely )It is likely that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.5人們認為澳大利亞的歷史始于18世紀末。(it作形式主語的主語從句)It is believed that Australian history began at the end of the 18th century.課時作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·濟南市針對性訓練)The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2，000 birds and mammals. To date，at least 40，000 plant species，3，000 fish，1，294 birds，427 mammals，428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳定年法)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1，000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11，200 years ago. European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which travelled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.The Amazon rainforests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation(濫伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earth's land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587，000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了亞馬孫熱帶雨林的歷史、豐富的物種以及現(xiàn)在所面臨的危險。1Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?ATo prove the forest untouched.BTo classify species scientifically.CTo show the diversity of species.DTo attract more attention to the Amazon region.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些關于動植物種類的數(shù)字說明了亞馬孫熱帶雨林的物種多樣性，故選C。2Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?AEuropean explorers brought diseases there.BPortuguese explorers treated them badly.CA lot of trees were cut down and burned.DThey got killed by Spanish explorers.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which travelled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)”可知，可能多達90%的亞馬孫土著居民因為歐洲探險者所帶來的疾病而死亡，故選A。3What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?AIt has the largest number of species.BIt covers over 5% of South America.CIt is becoming larger in area.DIt is being endangered now.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“at the present rate.in two decades”并結(jié)合最后一段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林遭到破壞，而且未來20年可能會減少40%，故選D。4What may be included in the following paragraph?AExamples of destroying forests.BMeasures to protect rainforests.CNew settlements in the Amazon region.DWays to stop global warming.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的關鍵詞“deforestation”可推知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林砍伐嚴重，那么文章接下來自然就會論述這一問題的解決措施，故選B。B(2019·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預測)My son Sam is 16 and autistic(自閉癥的). There's a lot going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his, but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss. Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues(提示) and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown(精神崩潰)It was Sam's very first day at high school. We'd set up a plan for how he'd get home: I'd pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3：30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan. Unknown to me, very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery, I was running late and unable to communicate that to him. As a result, he was left alone and extremely frightened. He became very upset outside the shop, exactly where I'd told him to wait.This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check on him, but took him inside her shop, calmed him down, got my phone number from him and called me.Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon, bought a drink, had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.Sam will graduate this year, and I'm increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam, and that she has saved me. I'm not sure if I can communicate all of this, but at least I will get to thank her.There are people I will not get to thank, thoughthe many kind strangers who have been there for Sam. And believe me, if you're wondering if this world is a complete mess right now, I'm here to say that it is not.So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart. Please know you are appreciated, and that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated, and perhaps unknowingly, you have made a great difference in someone's life.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了作者患有自閉癥的兒子在生活中得到諸多陌生好心人的幫助，作者從此向人們表達真誠感謝。5What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph?AHe is rather slow with his studies.BHe can deal with sudden changes well.CHe has difficulty in dealing with things.DHe tries hard to learn how to read social cues.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues(提示) and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown(精神崩潰)”可知，薩姆應對日常生活有困難，故選C。6The underlined part “check on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ”AdiscoverBvisitCrecognizeDexamineD詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前三段的內(nèi)容可知，薩姆患有自閉癥，并結(jié)合第四段可知，商店的主人，一個越南的老太太出來看了看薩姆，然后把他帶到商店里，使他鎮(zhèn)靜下來，并和作者取得了聯(lián)系，由此可推知，畫線部分意為“查看”，與D項意思相近，故選D。7What happened to Sam after his first day at high school?AHe could get on well with his classmates.BHe made good friends with the nice lady.CHe brought the lady some food to thank her.DHe became willing to communicate with others.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知，薩姆在受到商店老太太的幫助之后經(jīng)常會去商店里與她交流，由此可推知，他和老太太成了好朋友，故選B。8What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?ATo express her thanks to kind people.BTo remind us all to help autistic people.CTo show how difficult life is for autistic people.DTo tell us how to make a difference in others' lives.A寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart”，并結(jié)合對本段的整體理解可推知，作者寫本文的目的是感謝那些曾經(jīng)幫助過陌生人的好心人，故選A。.完形填空(2019·鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級第二次質(zhì)量預測)My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasn't sure what he wanted from 1 ， but something told him to 2 and begin a new adventure.He began that adventure traveling to cities in the US before going on to Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines. He took my mother and us three daughters with him and went wherever the road 3 him.It's easy to feel 4 when you're on the road. We made lots of new friends on our trip most of them are mechanics, since we often 5 hours in repair shops. But that was a way much 6 than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to 7 when it was 40 outside.Getting along well sometimes seemed 8 . There were always a lot of 9 ， especially among us back seat passengers about who had to 10 in the middle. But even if it was hard, we learned a lot about 11 . When we were traveling in the Philippines, we drove to Quezon City one day. It should have been an hour's drive but was nearly three thanks to bad roads and 12 traffic. “Did you put our suitcases in the car？” my father asked my mother as we arrived there. From the back seat, we saw her 13 turn toward my father. “No，” she said. “I thought you did.” That was how a seven­hour car trip turned into a 16­hour one, which was mostly spent in 14 On occasions like that, we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were 15 in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the 16 . Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and 17 one of my sisters out, I kept my feelings to myself.This is why road trips were like 18 universities to us. We 19 our PhDs(博士學位) in how to get along with other people just by traveling in our old car.If we were 20 given a second chance at life, we would do it all over again. Only this time would I put the suitcases in the car myself.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。小時候“我”隨父親和母親以及我的姐妹開車旅行，在此過程中，我們學會了忍讓以及和別人相處。這個顛簸的旅程是一所移動的大學，讓“我”受益匪淺。1A.moveBlifeCexperienceDbeliefB根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的父親出生在美國的一個小鎮(zhèn)上；結(jié)合該句中的“He wasn't sure what he wanted”以及下文敘述的他帶著全家開車旅行可推知，那里他不確定想從生活中要些什么，故B項正確。2A.live upBstruggle onCget outDwalk aroundC根據(jù)該句中的“begin a new adventure”可推知，他得到啟示，要他走出去，去開啟新的冒險經(jīng)歷。C項意為“離開，從出來”，故C項正確；B項意為“勉力維持”。3A.tookBdroveCservedDcontrolledA根據(jù)該句中的“wherever the road”并結(jié)合語境可知，他帶著媽媽和我們這三個女兒，沿路旅行。A項表示“帶去，引領”，符合語境，故A項正確。4A.anxiousBupsetChelplessDlonelyD根據(jù)該句中的“when you're on the road”和下文介紹的沿路交朋友可推知，當在路上時，很容易感到孤獨(lonely)。5A.wastedBworkedCspentDchattedC根據(jù)語境可知，由于我們經(jīng)?；ㄙM幾個小時在修理店，所以我們交的朋友大部分是修理工。6A.betterBeasierCsaferDclevererA由于外面的溫度達到40攝氏度，所以去修理店要比坐在馬路邊等候好得多。7A.break downBcool offCclear upDturn overB根據(jù)該句中的“when it was 40 outside”可知，外面氣溫高達40攝氏度；據(jù)此可推知，該處指等待發(fā)動機冷卻下來；B項意為“使冷卻下來”，故B項正確。A項意為“出故障”，C項意為“清理”，D項意為“翻轉(zhuǎn)”，都與語境不符。8A.availableBalternativeCnecessaryDimpossibleD根據(jù)下文中的“it was hard”并結(jié)合語境可知，友好相處有時似乎是不可能的(impossible)。9A.argumentsBfightsCembarrassmentsDamusementsA根據(jù)空后的“especially among us.in the middle”可知，我們之間總是有很多爭吵，尤其是關于后座的我們誰坐(sit)在中間時。10A.settleBrestCsitDwatchC參見上題解析。11A.sharingBrespectCcommunicationDtoleranceD根據(jù)該句中的“But”表達的語境可知，盡管這很難解決，但是我們學會了忍耐(tolerance)。12A.lightBheavyClocalDfastB根據(jù)該句中的“It should have been an hour's drive but was nearly three”可知，本可以在一小時就完成的路程，我們卻花了三個小時；據(jù)此可推知，這里道路較差，交通擁堵，故B項正確。13A.suddenlyBsensitivelyCcalmlyDslowlyD根據(jù)語境可知，我們在后座看到母親慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)過頭對父親說：“沒有，我還以為你放了”。14A.silenceBvainCpanicDdisappointmentA根據(jù)上文可知，母親忘記將手提箱放進車里；結(jié)合該句和下文中的“we had to learn to let go of our anger”可知，我們學會了控制自己的怒氣，這個七小時的行程最終變成了十六小時的行程，我們大部分的時間都在沉默。15A.buriedBcrazyCstuckDimpatientC根據(jù)語境可知，在像上文提到的情況下，我們必須控制自己的怒氣，因為我們和相同的人在接下來的旅程(journey)里一起被困在車里。be stuck in為固定搭配，意為“被困在”，故C項正確。16A.holidayBjourneyCexplorationDmarchB參見上題解析。17A.draggingBpushingChelpingDsendingB根據(jù)該句中的“I kept my feelings to myself”可知，“我”控制住了自己的情緒；據(jù)此可推知，此處表示有時“我”想要打開車門將“我”的一個姐妹推出車外。B項意為“推”，故B項正確。18A.unusualBcommonCfreeDmobileD根據(jù)該句中的“road trips”以及下文中的“We our PhDs(博士學位)”可知，對于我們來說，公路旅行就如可移動的(mobile)大學。19A.earnedBexpectedCmissedDvaluedA根據(jù)語境可知，就在這輛舊汽車里，我們獲得了如何和他人相處的博士學位。A項意為“博得，贏得”，故A項正確。20A.somewhereBanytimeCsomehowDanywayC根據(jù)語境可知，如果我們能以某種方式在人生中獲得第二次機會的話，我們還是會去旅行。C項意為“以某種方式”，故C項正確。- 10 -