2019版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)9 詞義猜測之推測單詞、短語、句子的含義（含解析）

專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(九)詞義猜測之推測單詞、短語、句子的含義ANot all awards are as noble as the Nobel Prize，which is world-famous for giving prizes to people who made progress in literature，science，economics andperhaps most importantlypeace，even though most countries have a system for recognizing，honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries，there are now hundreds of awards and awards ceremonies for all kinds of things.The Oscars are probably the most famous，a time for the film industry to tell itself how good it is.The awards are not only for filmsnow there are also Grammies，Brits，the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards for music.In Britain，a writer who wins the Booker prize，can expect to see their difficult，literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with The Da Vinci Code for popularity.The Turner Prize is an award for a British contemporary artist each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds，putting animals in glass cases orthis yearbuilding a garden shed.Awards don't only exist for the arts.There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year，for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year.This seems very strange sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it，or to help people who are on tight budget carry on their work without worrying about finances，but professional soccer players these days are not shy of fund!Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize，nor did Leonardo Da Vinci.Most awards ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies.This means that not only the person who wins the award benefits from it but also the sponsors.The MTV awards，for example，are great for publicizing not only music，but also MTV itself!On the surface，it seems to be a “win-win” situation，with everyone being happy，but let me ask you a question how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here，and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?【語篇解讀】本文作者對品類越來越多的獲獎(jiǎng)及獲獎(jiǎng)慶典提出了自己的疑問和看法。1Why does the writer write Paragraphs 2 and 3?ATo show the importance of giving awards to people.BTo show there are various awards.CTo tell us why so many awards appear.DTo tell us how people win awards.B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段和第三段列舉電影類獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)Oscars、音樂類獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)Grammies，Brits，the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards、文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)Booker prize以及當(dāng)代藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、體育獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)等等可知，作者寫這兩段是為了展示多種多樣的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。2What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?ADon't need to carry on their work.BAren't as famous as other people.CAren't as important as other people.DDon't lack moneyD考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)前文“.to help people who are on tight budget carry on their work without worrying about finances”可知，此處是說現(xiàn)在專業(yè)足球運(yùn)動員并不缺錢。3Which of the following statements may the writer agree with?AThe win-win situation satisfies all people involved.BMost awards today go to people who don't really need them.CAwards should be given to people with financial problems.DOrganizations that give awards take advantage of awards ceremonies.D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This means that not only the person who wins the award benefits from it.”可知，那些頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的組織或贊助者也同時(shí)從中獲利。4In the passage，the writer is mainly concerned .Aif awards go to people who really deserve themBif Nobel Prize and other awards are still as noble as before Cthat awards and ceremonies publicize the winners too muchDthat too many awards can do harm to publicity or marketingA考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的第一句及最后一段的末句可知，作者對獲獎(jiǎng)是否真的是對成就的一種認(rèn)可表示懷疑，這篇文章也貫穿了這個(gè)思想。B(2018·河北省“五個(gè)一名校聯(lián)盟”模擬)Imagine this scene：it's blowing outside，and you snuggle (蜷伏)up on the sofa under a warm quilt，chatting and recalling with your closest friends.That content，cosy feeling，has a name in Danish hygge.And，as Denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”，the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept.Hygge originally from a Norwegian word meaning well-being doesn't have an exact equivalent (對應(yīng)物)in English.It's often translated as coziness，or as blogger Anna West told the BBC，“coziness of the soul”But，professor Maren Spark explains，“Hygge was never meant to be translated.It was meant to be felt.”Basically，hygge involves creating a warm，cosy atmosphere and enjoying it with your loved ones.Danish winters are long and dark，so achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this season.A typical hygge activity during winter could be enjoying delicious homemade food and light-hearted conversation with friends preferably in the warm glow of candlelight，or maybe sipping a glass of wine in the hot tub after a day spent skiing.However，hygge isn't only limited to the cold winter months it can also describe that warm，fuzzy feeling you get after a walk through a forest with friends on a summer's day or a family barbecue in the park.Hygge is meant to be shared.【語篇解讀】每年，丹麥人都會經(jīng)歷漫長而陰沉的冬日，可是丹麥卻被認(rèn)為是世界上最幸福的國家。文章向我們介紹了丹麥人是如何通過創(chuàng)造舒適的環(huán)境來提高幸福指數(shù)的。5The author asks the readers to imagine the scene in the first paragraph to .Ahelp the readers to calm downBintroduce the topic of the passageCpresent the main idea of the passageDremind the readers of their past memoriesB考查推理判斷。由文章第一段和第二段可知，作者讓讀者想象這個(gè)情景是為了引出文章所要介紹的話題“hygge”。6What do the underlined sentences by Maren Spark mean?AThe translation of the word “hygge” is not good enough.BOnly Danish speakers know what “hygge” means.C“Hygge” is easy to translate but hard to feel.DWe can get the true meaning of “hygge” by feeling it.D考查句意理解。根據(jù)第三段可知，“hygge”這個(gè)詞常被解釋為“coziness”，下文由“But”引出“professor Maren Spark”的觀點(diǎn)“hygge不應(yīng)該被翻譯，而應(yīng)用來感受”。由此可知，我們只有通過感受才能理解“hygge”的真正內(nèi)涵。7Which of the following can be best described as a“ hygge” activity?ASkiing in the cold winter months.BLiving through long dark winters.CTaking afternoon tea with friends.DWalking alone in the forest.C考查推理判斷。由倒數(shù)第二段的第一句可知，“hygge”與創(chuàng)造一個(gè)溫暖舒適的氛圍并與你愛的人一起分享有關(guān)。C項(xiàng)中的“Taking afternoon tea”符合“creating a warm，cosy atmosphere”，“friends”對應(yīng)“your loved ones”。故選C項(xiàng)。8The author writes this passage to .Aexplain BpersuadeCcomment DadvertiseA考查寫作目的?？v觀全文可以看出，文章采用情景介紹、概念介紹、舉例說明的方式向我們介紹了一種創(chuàng)造舒適的環(huán)境來提高幸福指數(shù)的生活方式：hygge。故選A項(xiàng)。C(2018·福州市四校聯(lián)考)The idea that you can use humor，laughter，and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true.However，it is really true and simple.The sense of humor，laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.Treat the blues with a sense of humor，which is closely tied to laughter.Laughter is infectious.Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people，it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is.You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you，and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile，even with a stranger.Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy.We are often encouraged to make sure our children play，and are told of the benefits of being out playing.However，what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children.Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.While the studies are still in the early stages，the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive(認(rèn)知的)falling.Anyway， adding humor，laughter，and play to our life will influence us mentally，physically and socially and bring us many advantages.So we should make full use of humor，laughter and play to make our life more active，more interesting and happier.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幽默、大笑和玩耍給人們的健康帶來的好處。9What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?APlaying an important role.BKeeping people in high spirits.CQuickly influencing other people.DPreventing illness from spreading.C考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people，it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness”可知，當(dāng)人們分享笑容時(shí)，人們的關(guān)系更親密，人們也會更加快樂。故infectious在此處意思為迅速影響其他人。10What can laughter increase according to the author?ACognitive ability.BGood relationships.CA sense of humor.DHappiness and trust.B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people，it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile，even with a stranger”可知，在作者看來大笑能使人們之間的關(guān)系更親密。11What does the author think the old should do?AThey should have a good rest.BThey should play like children.CThey should prevent cognitive falling.DThey should take part in physical play.D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“However，what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children.Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知，作者認(rèn)為老年人應(yīng)該參與身體活動。12Which of the following would be the best title for the text?AHumor，Laughter and Play for HealthBAlways Keep Our Body HealthyCHave an Active and Happy LifeDLet Our Body and Mind RelaxA考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段“Anyway，adding humor，laughter，and play to our life will influence us mentally，physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor，laughter and play to make our life more active，more interesting and happier”可知，這篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。5