（全國卷）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 2 Working the land課時作業(yè) 新人教版必修4

Unit 2 Working the land.閱讀理解ABritish shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually，yet UK citizens have an estimated 30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe (衣柜)But new technology could see the end of that，with the garments themselves giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.“Smart clothes”could help us clear out our wardrobes by sending messages or tweeting us if they haven't been worn for a good while.If these alerts are ignored，the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused，with an organization automatically sending out donation information.They could also be programmed to put themselves up for auction(拍賣) on eBay.Academics at Birmingham City University are developing the “connected wardrobe” to encourage more suitable clothes consumption. The concept sees garments tagged (給加標簽) using washable contactless technology.Mark Brill，senior lecturer at Birmingham City University，said，“Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items that they didn't know were in their wardrobe.”“The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption，” he added.“Perhaps we can even move away from the idea ofownership of clothing.When we've worn them enough，the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper.”It follows in the footsteps of the “Internet of Things”a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information.From adjusting your alarm clock to monitoring the temperature of your home，the Internet is changing the way we live.Now，the “Internet of Clothes” will see that neglected garments will tweet and text the owners “asking” to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear.Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously，as well as how much they originally cost，who made them and how much the worker was paid for them.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了新型的“智能衣服”“智能衣柜”，而這一科技發(fā)明可以幫助人們更好地管理自己的衣服，樹立正確的消費觀念。1What does the author say about “smart clothes”？AThey may be donated on eBay.BThey have gained in popularity.CThey give warnings if worn out.DThey may be recycled if long forgotten.解析：推理判斷題。綜合文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe (衣柜)”和第二段中的“Smart clothes could help us clear out our.if they haven't been worn for a good while”“ask to be reused”可推知，“智能衣服”會在被擱置許久時發(fā)信息提醒主人，如果主人不理會這樣的提醒，那么“智能衣服”就會和慈善組織聯(lián)系，要求被重新使用。故選D。答案：D2How does Mark Brill find the “connected wardrobe”？AIt helps people buy cheaper clothes.BIt contributes to right consumption attitudes.CIt changes people's shopping habits.DIt improves people's consumer confidence.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“the connected wardrobe to encourage more suitable clothes consumption”及第四段中的“The connected wardrobe is a practical，pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption.Finally，I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption”可知，Mark Brill認為“智能衣柜”有助于鼓勵人們樹立正確的消費觀。故選B。答案：B3What is indicated in the last paragraph?AClothes can be a source of information.BWeather affects the connected wardrobe.CClothes are sold online at a low price.DThe Internet is a platform to share items.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously，as well as how much they originally cost.”可知，衣服可以成為信息的來源。故選A。答案：A4What's the author's attitude to the new technology?ACritical.BUninterested.CApproving.DSkeptical.解析：作者態(tài)度題?？v觀全文可知，作者在文中介紹了一項新的科技發(fā)明新型的“智能衣服”“智能衣柜”，重點講述了該科技發(fā)明對人們有什么好處，由此可推知，作者對這種新科技是持贊成的態(tài)度的。故選C。答案：CBWhile the world is still debating the safety of self­driving cars，Dubai is preparing to launch an autonomous flying taxi.Starting in July，the world's first passenger drone (無人機)，the EHANG 184，will be available to passengers.The shuttle，released in Las Vegas in January 2016，weighs 440 pounds and can fly at heights of up to 11,500 feet.The egg­shaped vehicle has room for a single passenger weighing up to 220 pounds and a small suitcase.Though the flying taxi can reach speeds of up to 100 mph，it will typically operate at about 62 mph.Passengers can ask for the flying taxi to pick them up from appointed zones using a smartphone app. Passengers strap into the seat，select a destination on the touch screen，and enjoy the flight.To ensure the passenger's safety，all flights are monitored remotely by a control room on the ground.In the unlikely event that any of the components malfunction or disconnect，the drone will make an emergency landing to ensure the customer's safety.It's also programmed to ensure its route won't affect that of another drone.While having no control over the remotely piloted vehicle may appear scary，the producer，China­based EHANG，says，“It is the safest，smartest and eco­friendly low altitude autonomous flying vehicle.”Any drawback？The EHANG 184 has a battery life of 30 minutes and a flight range of just 31 miles.Also unknown is the cost of each ride.Though the flying taxi seems advanced，it is not the first driverless transportation option available to Dubai's residents.As part of its goal to have 25% of the public transportation automated by 2030，the authorities have built the world's longest driverless metro and introduced self­navigating shuttles.Officials recently also partnered with a US company to build supersonic speed pods to carry passengers between Dubai and Abu Dhabi.語篇解讀本文是一篇科普說明文，主要介紹了一種迪拜正準備投入使用的自動駕駛低空飛行器EHANG 184。5What can we learn about the flying taxi?AA passenger can call for a flying taxi online.BIt can carry a weight of 220 pounds at most.CA passenger can touch the screen to control it.DIt usually flies at a speed of 100 miles an hour.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Passengers can ask for the flying taxi to pick them up from appointed zones using a smartphone app.”可知，乘客可以使用智能手機中的軟件在指定地方乘坐EHANG 184。故A項正確。答案：A6How can the shuttle guarantee the passenger's safety in an equipment failure?AIt lowers its flying speed.BIt changes to another route.CIt gets help from the control room.DIt's programmed to land autonomously.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“the drone will make an emergency landing to ensure the customer's safety”可知，當遇到緊急情況時，該飛行器可以自動著陸，以保證乘客的安全。故D項正確。答案：D7What is the drawback of the EHANG 184?AIt's too scary to ride in it.BIt costs a lot to take a ride.CIt runs out of power easily.DIt only flies at a low altitude.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The EHANG 184 has a battery life of 30 minutes and a flight range of just 3l miles”可知，EHANG 184只能連續(xù)航行30分鐘。故C項正確。答案：C干擾項分析根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“weighs 440 pounds and can fly at heights of up to 11,500 feet”可知，EHANG 184的飛行高度可達11 500英尺，故D項錯誤；A、B項文中沒有提及。8Which of the following makes the EHANG 184?AA company in Dubai.BA Chinese company.CA company in Abu Dhabi.DAn American company.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句中的“the producer，China­based EHANG，says”可知，該空中飛行器是由中國的一家公司制造的。故B項正確。答案：B.完形填空A marine biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then released several small bait fish into the tank.The result met your 1 ，the shark quickly swam across the tank，attacked and ate the smaller fish.The biologist then 2 a strong piece of fiberglass into the tank，creating two 3 parts.She then put the shark on one side of the 4 fiberglass and a new set of bait fish on the other. 5 ，the shark quickly attacked.But this time，the shark 6 because it knocked hard against the fiberglass 7 .Determined，the shark kept 8 this behavior every few minutes，but 9 .Meanwhile，the bait fish swam around 10 in the second part.Eventually，the shark 11 hope of hunting.This experiment was carried out several times.Each time，the shark got less 12 and made fewer attempts to attack the fish，until it 13 hitting the fiberglass and simply stopped attacking.The biologist then 14 the fiberglass，but the shark didn't attack.The shark was trained to believe a 15 existed between it and the bait fish， 16 the bait fish could swim wherever they wished，free from harm.Many of us，after experiencing setbacks and failures， 17 give up and stop trying.Like the shark in the story，we believe that 18 we were unsuccessful in the past，we will always be unsuccessful. 19 ，even when no “real”obstacle exists between where we are and where we want to go，we 20 see obstacles in our heads.語篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一位海洋生物學家做了一個小實驗，作者由這個實驗發(fā)出感慨：我們中的許多人經(jīng)歷過挫折和失敗后，會從情感上選擇放棄，并停止嘗試。1A.demandsBexpectationsCschedulesDrequirements解析：實驗結(jié)果在你的預料(expectations)之中。demand“要求，需求”；schedule“工作計劃，日程安排”；requirement“要求，必要條件”。答案：B2A.changed BaddedCinsertedDcrashed解析：然后這位生物學家把一塊堅固的玻璃纖維插入(inserted)這個水箱里，制造出兩個分開的部分。add“添加”，常與介詞to搭配使用。答案：C3A.separate BoppositeCconnectedDrelevant解析：參見上題解析。separate“分開的”；opposite“對面的，迥然不同的”；connected“相連的”；relevant“緊密相關(guān)的”。答案：A4A.delicate BhiddenCtransparentDflexible解析：根據(jù)語境可知，這邊的鯊魚可以看到對面的用作誘餌的魚，因此生物學家插入水箱的玻璃纖維是透明的(transparent)。delicate“易碎的”；hidden“隱藏的”；flexible“可彎曲的，有彈性的”。答案：C5A.Yet BMeanwhileCInsteadDAgain解析：根據(jù)第一段中的“attacked”可知，此處應表示再一次(Again)，鯊魚快速對用作誘餌的魚發(fā)起了攻擊。答案：D6A.bounced BpausedCwithdrewDleapt解析：但是這一次，鯊魚被彈了起來，因為它重重地撞上了玻璃纖維分隔板。bounce“(使)彈起，彈跳”，符合語境。pause“停頓”；withdraw“撤回，撤離”；leap“跳躍”。答案：A7A.trapper BcatcherCtesterDdivider解析：參見上題解析。divider“分隔物，分開物”，符合語境。trapper“捕殺動物者”；catcher“捕捉器，接球手”；tester“測試員，測試器，試用品”。答案：D8A.accomplishing BrepeatingCcopyingDstrengthening解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Determined”和下文中的“This experiment was carried out several times.Each time，the shark got less 12 and made fewer attempts to attack the fish”可知，一開始，鯊魚不斷重復(repeating)這一行為。accomplish“完成”；copy“復制，模仿”；strengthen“加強”。答案：B9A.in order Bin vainCin secretDin pain解析：盡管鯊魚不斷重復這一行為，但都是白費力氣。in vain“徒勞，白費力氣”，符合語境。in order“井然有序，適當”；in secret“秘密地，暗中”；in pain“痛苦地”。答案：B10A.unaccustomed BunchallengedCunharmedDunnoticed解析：上文提到鯊魚攻擊用作誘餌的魚的企圖都失敗了，因此，此處表示“用作誘餌的魚毫發(fā)無傷地四處游動”。本段最后一句“the bait fish could swim wherever they wished，free from harm”也是提示。unaccustomed“不習慣的，不適應的”；unchallenged“未受到過質(zhì)疑的，未受到過挑戰(zhàn)的”；unnoticed“未被注意到的”。答案：C11A.divorced BdeclinedCraisedDabandoned解析：最終，鯊魚放棄了(abandoned)捕獵到用作誘餌的魚的希望。divorce“使脫離”；decline“拒絕”；raise“提高”。答案：D12A.blind BaggressiveCalert Darbitrary解析：每一次，鯊魚的攻擊性都會變得更弱一點。aggressive“侵略的，挑釁的”，符合語境。blind“盲目的”；alert“警覺的”；arbitrary“任意的”。答案：B13A.got occupied with Bgot involved inCgot tired ofDgot used to解析：根據(jù)下文中的“and simply stopped attacking.but the shark didn't attack”可知，鯊魚厭倦了(got tired of)撞擊玻璃纖維。get occupied with“忙于”；get involved in“卷入”；get used to“習慣于”。答案：C14A.readjusted BrestoredCreplacedDremoved解析：然后，生物學家移除了(removed)玻璃纖維，但是鯊魚仍不攻擊。readjust“再次調(diào)整”；restore“恢復”；replace“替換”。答案：D15A.barrier BdistanceCgapDdistinction解析：鯊魚被訓練得相信它和用作誘餌的魚之間有障礙物(barrier)，因此(玻璃纖維被移除后)小魚無所顧忌地四處游動，不受攻擊。distance“距離”；gap“間隙”；distinction“區(qū)別”。答案：A16A.so BbutCasDfor解析：參見上題解析。前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，前面是因，后面是果，故選并列連詞so。答案：A17A.readily BintentionallyCemotionallyDphysically解析：我們中的許多人，在經(jīng)歷挫折和失敗后，會從情感上(emotionally)選擇放棄，并停止嘗試。readily“快捷地，輕而易舉地”；intentionally“有意地”；physically“身體上地”。答案：C18A.because BthoughCunlessDwhile解析：好比這個故事中的鯊魚，我們認為因為我們過去失敗過，所以就永遠不會成功。此處應用because引導原因狀語從句。答案：A19A.Above all BIn other wordsCAs a resultDIn conclusion解析：換句話說(In other words)，我們不斷(constantly)在我們的腦中看到障礙，即使我們所在的位置和我們想要達到的位置之間并沒有“真正的”障礙。above all“最重要的是”；as a result“結(jié)果”；in conclusion“總之”。答案：B20A.abruptly BconstantlyCeventuallyDoccasionally解析：參見上題解析。abruptly“突然”；eventually“最終”；occasionally“偶爾”。答案：B.短文改錯It is clear shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.68% of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight too.And a larger percentage lacks sleep.52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won't obey our parents or teachers.Personally，I think we student should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without sound body，one can't achieve anything.However，too much attention has been paid only on studies.As a result，I suggest we are given less homework or more time for out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.答案：It is shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.68% of the students have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight And a larger percentage sleep.52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won't obey parents or teachers.Personally，I think we should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without sound body，one can't achieve anything.However，too much attention has been paid only studies.As a result，I suggest we given less homework more time for out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.9