2019高考英語三輪沖刺 大題提分 大題精做5 七選五 說明文（含解析）

七選五 說明文精選大題A【2018·全國I】Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?_1_, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2_, they can get a little complex. But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones._3_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves _4_. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant._5_.A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever youre looking for C. If youre experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with E. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. G 5. F【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了室內(nèi)設(shè)計中顏色的選擇問題。1.題以逗號結(jié)尾，后面另起一個簡單句，可以從句子結(jié)構(gòu)排除D,E,F,G項。根據(jù)前文的三個問句可知，此處是從中選擇一種。故選B（不管你尋找哪一種）。2.前文：在過去的許多年里，有許多技術(shù)幫助設(shè)計者實現(xiàn)這一要點；下文：它們有點復(fù)雜。所以A（然而他們都很有用）承上啟下。符合題意。3.本題是一個主題句，總說選擇小顏色是我們很熟悉的方法。后文分說小顏色的具體用途。故選D。4.根據(jù)前文“中型顏色選擇通常是指一些例如沙發(fā)，餐桌或者書架等家具的顏色選擇”接著表明這種范圍的顏色選擇是對小型顏色選擇在兩種方式上的進一步提示，故選G。5.前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant你所付諸的時間、精力和相關(guān)的費用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因為你想第一次把它弄好。故選F。B【2018·北京卷】 Why Do We Get Angry? Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(觸發(fā)) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations. 6 Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. _7_ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits. Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 8 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. 9 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消極的) outlooks on situations can create anger. 10 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.【答案】6.F 7.G 8.E 9.A 10.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章按照總-分-總的結(jié)構(gòu)講述了人憤怒的三個原因觸發(fā)事件、個人特征和對環(huán)境的評估。希望通過了解這三個原因，我們能更好地控制自己的情緒。6.本句作為第一段中的最后一句話，顯然應(yīng)該是總括性的句子。F選項中對于了解這些原因?qū)ξ覀兛刂魄榫w的好處恰好符合這一特征，故選F。7.根據(jù)下一句中“why someone is triggered by something and others are not”可知，前文中提到了每個人的觸發(fā)事件都各不相同，G 選項中“what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.”恰好提到了這一點，符合語境。故選G。8.根據(jù)后文“Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred”可知，前一句也提到了pre-anger這一狀態(tài)，E選項中“pre-anger state”恰好符合。除此之外，上一句的“personality traits”在此句中也出現(xiàn)了。故選E。9.本文為總-分-總結(jié)構(gòu)，按照第一段的順序，此段應(yīng)該講assessment of situations，故選A。10.根據(jù)后文“However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.”可知，前面一句應(yīng)該是說生氣有其存在的合理性。故選D。模擬精做A【2018年山東省濰坊市五市區(qū)高三10月聯(lián)考英語試題】Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university. Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences, or easily one of the worst. _11_Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse.Talk things out. _12_ If something happens, sit down with your roommates and have a face-to-face conversation. Complaining about your roommates behind their backs creates nothing but awkward situations and general unhappiness._13_ Some roommates become the best of friends, and some dont. Dont put pressure on yourself or your roommate to reach this level, especially when you first meet. Remember, you are trying to make a new friend, not scare your roommate away. And if your roommate doesnt end up being your best friend, there is no need to worry about it.Clean up after yourself. Or at least, keep your mess on your side. _14_ But being considerate with where you put your own stuff will help you avoid the arguments.Ask before you take. This applies to food, clothes, supplies and anything else that you dont own. _15_ Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask.A. Dont expect to be best friends.B. Communication is of vital importance.C. You dont need to keep the room clean and organized all the time.D. Rooms can be really easy for a mess to pile up.E. If you want to have a good relationship with your roommate, it all starts with you.F. Not all roommates can become your best friends.G. Show your roommate that you have respect for his or her belongings.【答案】11.E 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.G【解析】11.根據(jù)后文，“Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse”，可知這里是介紹如何與自己的室友相處好的一些建議，而選項E意為“如果你想要與你的室友有一個良好的關(guān)系，這一切都要從你開始”，符合語境，故選E。12.根據(jù)小標題，Talk things out，可知當發(fā)生什么事情的時候相互之間溝通是很重要的，而選項B意為“溝通是很重要的”，符合語境，故選B。13.根據(jù)文中，“And if your roommate doesnt end up being your best friend，there is no need to worry about it”，可知這段的關(guān)鍵詞是“best friend”，而選項中只有選項A提及了這一關(guān)鍵詞，意為“不要期望變成最好的朋友”，符合語境，故選A。14.根據(jù)文中，“Clean up after yourselfOr at least，keep your mess on your side”，可知只需要把你自己整理干凈，不要影響到大家，而選項C意為“你不需要一直保持房間的整潔”，符合語境，故選C。15.根據(jù)后文，“Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask”，可知當你們要分享一樣東西前，要詢問你的朋友是否可以，而選項G意為“要對你的室友的隨身物品表示尊重”，符合語境，故選G。B【江西省重點中學盟校2019屆高三第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷】You are enjoying a nice dream until your alarm suddenly rings. _16_Is your clock out of control? No, its just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.As the days get shorter, our mornings lose that crucial light to wake us up, so waking up gets harder. That means you'll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time. _17_ _18_ Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning. Try to give yourself time for eight hours per night.Avoid strong light near bedtime. So if you like reading before you close your eyes, try an actual book or an E-ink screen like a Kindle, which doesn't emit the harsh light that phones and tablets do.Buy a wake-up light. If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room. _19_Give yourself something to look forward to. _20_Sure, you might have to get up for work, but you'll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun.A. But you just dont want to get out of your warm bed.B. Stick to a regular schedule.C. Philips makes some popular lamps that produce natural light during gray winter days.D. Waking up is easier when you have a good reason to be conscious.E. Too much light can do harm to your eyes.F. We have a few tips that might help.G. But when you look out of the window, it's still black outside.【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D【解析】本文為說明文。文章給讀者提出了幾條如何在冬日里按時起床的建議。16.根據(jù)下文“No, its just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.”（不，現(xiàn)在只是冬天，太陽升起得比較晚，所以從床上爬起來進入寒冷黑暗的環(huán)境要困難兩倍）可知，G項“但是當你往窗外看時，外面還是黑的”符合此處語境。故G選項正確。17.根據(jù)上文“that means youll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time.”（這意味著你需要付出額外的努力才能準時上班）及下文對如何按時起床的建議描述可知，F(xiàn)項“我們有一些建議可能會有幫助”符合此處語境。故F選項正確。18.根據(jù)下文“Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning.”（無論是夏天還是冬天，你應(yīng)該每天晚上在同一時間睡覺，每天早上在同一時間醒來）可知，B項“堅持有規(guī)律的時間表”符合此處語境。故B選項正確。19.根據(jù)上文“If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room.”（如果你仍然對黑暗的早晨感到困擾，也許是時候給你的房間引入更多的光線了）可知，C項“飛利浦公司制造了一些流行的燈具，在灰色的冬天產(chǎn)生自然光”符合此處語境。故C選項正確。20.根據(jù)上文“Give yourself something to look forward to.”（給自己一些期待）及下文“but youll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun.”（但是如果你想要一頓美味的早餐，或者一場真正有趣的鍛煉，你就會想要保持清醒）可知，D項“當你有充分的理由保持清醒時，醒來會更容易”符合此處語境。故D選項正確。C【肇慶市中學教學質(zhì)量評估2019屆高中畢業(yè)班第一次統(tǒng)一檢測】If you desire to meet new friends, have fun and get into shape, basketball is the best sport for you regardless of whether you are a professional or an amateur. _21_Here are some of the benefits you can acquire from playing basketball. Improve your fitness levels.Playing basketball will definitely improve your fitness levels. Basketball is an amazing cardiovascular(心血管的) exercise, which is beneficial to people with heart problems. _22_ Encourage teamwork.Basketball requires team work to achieve a common objective. _23_this sport is great for kids, as it shows them how to work together in harmony to reach the goal. Learning how to relate with others will improve your childs confidence as well as self-esteem(自尊). _24_Making a shot or winning can really improve your childs self-esteem, which is a vital aspect during childhood. Children with confidence are able to overcome challenges better, according to recent studies. Develop social skills.It brings individuals together and helps create friendship and bonds. This provides a great opportunity for children who are shy, as it helps them interact with new friends. _25_Although there are no drawbacks associated to playing basketball, it is necessary that you perform other exercises to improve your speed and power.A. Build up your muscles.B. Improve confidence and self-esteem.C. The players have to work as a team to guarantee a win.D. Social skills will help your child function better in life.E. Basketball is popular worldwide due to a variety of reasons.F. Generally speaking, basketball is one of the safest sports in the world.G. Moreover, it aids in oxygen circulation and blood distribution throughout the body.【答案】21. E 22. G 23. C 24. B 25. D【解析】本文是體育運動類說明文，介紹了打籃球的好處。21.上句介紹如果想認識新朋友，玩得開心，鍛煉身體，籃球是最適合的運動。E項：由于各種原因，籃球在世界范圍內(nèi)很受歡迎。與上句承接，說明了打籃球的普遍性，故選E。22.本部分介紹打籃球能提高健康水平，上句介紹打籃球是很好的心血管運動，對心臟問題有好處。G項：此外，它有助于氧氣循環(huán)和血液在全身的分布。與上句并列，說明打籃球?qū)】档暮锰?，故選G。23.本部分介紹打籃球能鼓勵團隊合作，C項：為了保證勝利，隊員們必須團結(jié)一致。是介紹合作的重要性，符合本段內(nèi)容，故選C。24.根據(jù)本部分中 improve your childs self-esteem和Children with confidence可知是介紹打籃球?qū)⒆幼宰鹦暮妥孕判牡暮锰?，B項：Improve confidence and self-esteem.概括了這兩項內(nèi)容，適合作為本段標題。故選B。25.本部分介紹打籃球能提高社交技能，D項：社交技巧將幫助你的孩子在生活中更好地發(fā)揮作用，是介紹社交技能的重要性。D項中的Social skills與標題一致，故選D。7