訓(xùn)練11 rather than 用法

訓(xùn)練11小議的用法我們先來(lái)看兩道最新高考題目： 【高考鏈接1】It is _ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people _ after they are ill. (2008江蘇) A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good 【高考鏈接2】Will you join us in the game? Thank you, _（2007江西） A. but why not? B. but Id rather not. C. and I wont. D. and Ill join. 點(diǎn)擊第1題的答案為C。本句為復(fù)合句，it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to spend .。rather than是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“與其說(shuō)，不如說(shuō)”。其句意為：與其把錢(qián)花在讓人康復(fù)上，倒不如將錢(qián)花在通過(guò)提升健康的生活來(lái)預(yù)防疾病上。第2個(gè)題目的答案為B。根據(jù)后面的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but ，應(yīng)該是“我寧愿不去”。rather的意思為“寧愿”。 【基本用法】 根據(jù)其特點(diǎn)我們從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)看一下rather than 的用法： 1. rather than經(jīng)常用在“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”里,即連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等成分，表示客觀事實(shí)，意為“是而不是；與其不如”。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞、分句、不定式、動(dòng)詞等?，F(xiàn)分述如下： 連接兩個(gè)名詞（動(dòng)名詞）或代詞，例如： You rather than I are going to Beijing for Olympic Games.是你而不是我要去北京看奧運(yùn)會(huì)。 As a sports man, I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.作為一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，我總是愿意早開(kāi)始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后。 連接兩個(gè)不定式，例如： Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, the old man would beg in the streets.這個(gè)老人寧愿在街上乞討,也不愿以這種不正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄螔赍X(qián)。 Finally, I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.最后，我決定寫(xiě)信而不打電話(huà)。 連接兩個(gè)介詞（短語(yǔ)）或兩個(gè)分句，例如： We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我們是在教室里開(kāi)會(huì)，不是在大廳里。 We should help him rather than he should help us.是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。 連接兩個(gè)形容詞，例如： The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.與其說(shuō)她買(mǎi)的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說(shuō)它漂亮。 Id call her hair chestnut rather than brown. 我寧愿說(shuō)她的頭發(fā)是栗色,而不是棕色。 2. rather than與would連用時(shí)，構(gòu)成“would rather . than .”句式，意思是“寧愿而不愿”，表示主觀愿望，即在兩者之中選擇其一。應(yīng)該特別注意此短語(yǔ)的否定構(gòu)成及其后接的動(dòng)詞形式。如： He would rather have the small one than the large one.他寧愿要一個(gè)小的,而不要大的。 Id rather take the slowest train than go there by air.我寧愿坐最慢的火車(chē),也不乘飛機(jī)去那里。 【辨析】 rather than 用來(lái)表示“是而不是”，通常連接兩個(gè)并列成分：He is an artist rather than a philosopher.他是位藝術(shù)家而不是位哲學(xué)家。 sb./sth. is more A than B表示“與其說(shuō)sb./sth.是B，不如說(shuō)是A”，例如： He is more an artist than a philosopher.與其說(shuō)他是位哲學(xué)家，不如說(shuō)他是位藝術(shù)家。 注意sb./sth. is not more A than B表示“與其說(shuō)sb./sth.是A，不如說(shuō)是B”，如： He is not more an artist than a philosopher.與其說(shuō)他是位藝術(shù)家，不如說(shuō)他是位哲學(xué)家。 other than除了還，相當(dāng)于besides,表示除了后者之外的同類(lèi)事物，例如： Theres nobody here other than me. 除了我這里沒(méi)別人。 You cant get there other than by swimming. 你只能靠游泳游到那邊去。 【拓展】 rather 的用法 adv. 意思有：相當(dāng)，寧可，寧愿，頗，有點(diǎn)兒。既可以修飾形容詞，也可以修飾副詞，例如： Theres something rather strange about the way he talks to you.他跟你說(shuō)話(huà)的樣子真有點(diǎn)怪。 To Jamaican , Beijing Olympic Games are rather a happy result. =That is a rather happy result.對(duì)牙買(mǎi)加人來(lái)說(shuō)，北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)是一個(gè)相當(dāng)愉快的結(jié)果。 意為“更確切地”，此用法的rather常用在or rather這一短語(yǔ)中,表示想要糾正已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà),或欲使已說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)更確切。如： He worked till late last night, or rather, early in the morning.他一直工作到深夜,或者更確切地說(shuō),到今天凌晨。 The building is like a palace, or rather a temple.這幢建筑物像一座宮殿,或者更確切地說(shuō)像一座寺廟。 would/had rather 后接從句時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如： I would/had rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立即發(fā)出去。 I would/had rather that she had not stayed at home when the earthquake took place. 當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)她要是不留在家里就好了。 【鞏固精練】 . 根據(jù)上面的講解，翻譯下列句子： 1. 與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。 2. 他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價(jià)賣(mài)掉了。 3. 在地震中這位母親寧愿死也不愿失去孩子們。 4. 我現(xiàn)在不愿把那個(gè)秘密告訴你。 . 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. On the other hand, I think it is Mike, _you, _to blame for the matter. A. more than; are B. less than; who are C. rather than; that is D. rather than; is 2. To watch the live broadcast of Men Basketball between China and U.S.， I went to bed very late last night, _, early the next morning. A. or ratherB. at least C. at mostD. in a word 3. To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _travel by air. A. as B. to C. thanD. while 4. The two brothers spend the money on their families rather than _ it to themselves. A. to contribute B. contributed C. contributing D. having contributed 5. You seemed to have been impressed by Liu Huans song. Well, not exactly so. It was his way of singing_ his voice that really impressed me. A. rather than B. as well as C. but also D. together with 6. As we all know, it is the prevention of disease _ its successful treatment that has led the rapid increase of the worlds population. A. rather thanB. including C. but alsoD. less than 7. Im afraid that I, _ my workmates, should bear responsibility for the accident. A. other thanB. or rather C. rather thanD. more than 8. In my opinion, whatever life should be, I prefer devoting all my energies to my studies _ more professional knowledge. A. to get B. to getting C. rather than get D. rather than to get 9. I d rather _a room of my own, however small it is, than_a room with someone else. A. to have; to share B. have; share C. sharing; sharing D. have; to have shat 10. Does anyone want to go to see the film The Assembly this evening? Who would you rather _with you? A. to goB. have gone C. have go D. going . 單句改錯(cuò)： 1. This computer is rather expensive than that one. 2. Did you blame him for his mistakes? Yes, but Id rather have not done. 3. I would rather watching TV at home at weekends while my wife prefers to go shopping. 4. Do you mind if I open the window? Id rather you dont for I feel a bit cold. 5. This book is too rather difficult for the beginners. 答案與解析 . 1. He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 2. Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 3. The mother would rather die than lose the children in the earthquake. 4. I would rather not tell you the secret right now. . 1. C本題為一強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，所以第二空必須用who 或that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句，因而可排除A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)；rather than 意為“而不是”。 2.Aor rather “更確切地說(shuō)”，符合上下文的意思。 3. C該題考查would rather do sth. than do sth.這一句型，意思是“寧愿做而不愿做”。 4. Crather than的前后為對(duì)比的并列關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)根據(jù)前面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spend來(lái)使用動(dòng)名詞形式,構(gòu)成spend money doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。 5. A該題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分之間的連接詞用法辨析。由句意“是他的演唱方式而不是他的歌聲給我印象深刻”可知A為正確選項(xiàng)；as well as，together with兩項(xiàng)雖然結(jié)構(gòu)上也對(duì)，但不符合題意not exactly so。 6. AIt is . that 構(gòu)成一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句子的意思為：導(dǎo)致世界人口迅速增長(zhǎng)的原因是對(duì)疾病的的防治而不是(rather than)對(duì)它的成功治療。 7. C此題考查介詞短語(yǔ)。other than除了；or rather更確切地說(shuō)；rather than而不是；more than超過(guò)。根據(jù)句意：恐怕該為事故負(fù)責(zé)任的是我，而不是我的同事們。所以應(yīng)選C。 8. A根據(jù)句子的意思：我寧愿把所有的精力放在學(xué)習(xí)上以便學(xué)得更多的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)。to get .在這兒表示目的。 9. Bwould rather do sth. than do sth.意為“寧愿而不愿”。句意為：我更喜歡有自己的房間，不論多么小，而不愿與別人合住一個(gè)房間。 10. C如果將第二個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殛愂鼍鋭t為：You would rather have who go with you.其中有have sb. do sth. “讓某人做某事”的句型。 . 1. expensive 前加more2. have not 改為not have3. watching改為watch4. dont 改為didnt5. too rather 改為 rather too訓(xùn)練11：的用法1.It is _ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people _ after they are ill. A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good 2.Will you join us in the game? Thank you, _A. but why not? B. but Id rather not. C. and I wont. D. and Ill join. .翻譯下列句子： 1. 與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。 2. 他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價(jià)賣(mài)掉了。 3. 在地震中這位母親寧愿死也不愿失去孩子們。 4. 我現(xiàn)在不愿把那個(gè)秘密告訴你。 . 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. On the other hand, I think it is Mike, _you, _to blame for the matter. A. more than; are B. less than; who are C. rather than; that is D. rather than; is 2. To watch the live broadcast of Men Basketball between China and U.S.， I went to bed very late last night, _, early the next morning. A. or ratherB. at least C. at mostD. in a word 3. To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _travel by air. A. as B. to C. thanD. while 4. The two brothers spend the money on their families rather than _ it to themselves. A. to contribute B. contributed C. contributing D. having contributed 5. You seemed to have been impressed by Liu Huans song. Well, not exactly so. It was his way of singing_ his voice that really impressed me. A. rather than B. as well as C. but also D. together with 6. As we all know, it is the prevention of disease _ its successful treatment that has led the rapid increase of the worlds population. A. rather thanB. including C. but alsoD. less than 7. Im afraid that I, _ my workmates, should bear responsibility for the accident. A. other thanB. or rather C. rather thanD. more than 8. In my opinion, whatever life should be, I prefer devoting all my energies to my studies _ more professional knowledge. A. to get B. to getting C. rather than get D. rather than to get 9. I d rather _a room of my own, however small it is, than_a room with someone else. A. to have; to share B. have; share C. sharing; sharing D. have; to have shat 10. Does anyone want to go to see the film The Assembly this evening? Who would you rather _with you? A. to goB. have gone C. have go D. going . 單句改錯(cuò)： 1. This computer is rather expensive than that one. 2. Did you blame him for his mistakes? Yes, but Id rather have not done. 3. I would rather watching TV at home at weekends while my wife prefers to go shopping. 4. Do you mind if I open the window? Id rather you dont for I feel a bit cold. 5. This book is too rather difficult for the beginners. 4