（江蘇專用）2019高考英語二輪增分策略 專題一 語法知識 第10講 形容詞與副詞課件.ppt

第10講形容詞與副詞,專題一語法知識,真題診斷,考點突破,專項訓練,內容索引,真題診斷,1.Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.(2018江蘇，34) A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：雖然賓館的服務很差，但經(jīng)理仍然不愿意投資對員工進行充分的培訓。reluctant意為“不情愿的”，符合語境。keen渴望的，著迷的；anxious擔心的，焦慮的；ready準備好的，愿意的。,解析,2.Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smart-phones defeated _ PCs in sales.(2017江蘇，29) A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：僅僅在史蒂夫喬布斯去世五年之后，智能手機的銷售額就打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個人電腦。語境提到smart-phones(智能手機)，與之對應的PCs(personal puters)應該用形容詞conventional修飾，表示“傳統(tǒng)的”。controversial有爭議的；contradictory自相矛盾的；confidential機密的。故選D。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,3.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But _ explanations are hard to find. (2017江蘇，34) A.alternative B.aggressive C.ambiguous D.apparent,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：恐龍的滅絕不一定是因為天體的碰撞，但也難以找到別的解釋?？崭裉幣c前面的“未必”(not necessarily)呼應，這里用alternative表示“另外的，可替代的”。aggressive好斗的，挑釁的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，不明確的；apparent顯而易見的，明白的。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,4.I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment. Im sorry，but he is not _ at the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津，3) A.busy B.active C.concerned D.available,解析,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：我想見懷特先生。我們已經(jīng)約好了。很抱歉，但是此刻他沒空，因為會議還沒有結束。available可表示“(人)有空的”，符合語境。busy忙碌的；active活躍的；concerned擔憂的。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,5.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，_ if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13) A.eventually B.strangely C.merely D.especially,解析考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：突然停下來可能是一次非常可怕的經(jīng)歷，尤其是你正在高速行駛時。especially特別，尤其，符合語境。eventually最終；strangely奇怪地；merely僅僅，只。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,6.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ in the ing years.(2016浙江，18) A.little more B.no more C.much more D.many more,解析,解析考查比較級。句意為：我一直喜歡你組織的所有活動，希望在未來幾年里能參加更多的活動。many more后省略了events。根據(jù)句意可知選D。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,7.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.(2015江蘇，31) Aprehensive Bplicated C.conscious D.crucial,解析,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：警官們決定對該案件進行一次徹底、詳盡的審查。prehensive綜合的，詳盡的；plicated復雜的；conscious有意識的；crucial至關重要的。根據(jù)and判斷，所填詞和thorough(徹底的，細致的)意思相近。故選A項。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,8.Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food es from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive. (2015浙江，13) A.steadily B.instantly C.formerly D.permanently,解析,解析考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：我們大多數(shù)人，如果對食物來源多少知道一點點的話，就會明白我們嘴里的每一口食物從前都是有生命的。formerly以前，從前，符合語境。steadily穩(wěn)固地，堅定地，不動搖地；instantly立刻，馬上；permanently永久地，長期不變地。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,9.The idea “happiness，”_，will not sit still for easy definition.(2014江蘇，28) A.to be rigid B.to be sure C.to be perfect D.to be fair,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,解析考查動詞不定式短語意義辨析。to be rigid刻板地說，死板地說；to be sure誠然，的確，無可否認；to be perfect完美地說，說得完美些；to be fair公平而言，說句公道話。本句主干是The idea “happiness” will not sit still for easy definition.，其意思是：給“幸?！边@一概念下定義遠非易事。根據(jù)四個動詞不定式短語的意義和句子主干的意思，我們可以選擇B項to be sure。綜合考慮可知題干句意為：誠然，給“幸?！边@一概念下定義遠非易事。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,10.Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldnt have found it _.(2014江西，23) A.nowhere B.however C.otherwise D.instead,解析,解析考查副詞詞義辨析。nowhere無處；however然而；otherwise否則，要不然；instead反而。句意為：謝謝你為我們指路，要不然我們找不到那所房子。故C項正確。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,11.After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_. A.hungry and tiredlyB.hungry and tired C.hungrily and tiredlyD.hungrily and tired,解析,解析句意為：經(jīng)過長途跋涉后，這三個人回到了家，又累又餓。此處形容詞短語作狀語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。故選B項。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,診斷報告,解題方法,1.形容詞詞義辨析法 形容詞的考查在高考試題中比較多，具體在解答試題時要根據(jù)具體的語境辨析所給選項。 2.副詞詞義辨析法 副詞的考查在高考試題中也比較多，具體在解答試題時要根據(jù)具體的語境辨析所給選項。具體來說，要注意：(1)一些副詞的具體含義；(2)一些副詞在具體句子中的辨析。,考點突破,考點1形容詞與副詞的詞義辨析,1.His prehensive surveys have provided the most _ statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected. (2016江蘇，31) A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary,解析,解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：他全面的調查提供了關于如何收集信息及在什么基礎上收集信息的最清楚明確的說明。explicit清楚的，明晰的，詳述的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original起初的，原來的；arbitrary任意的，隨心所欲的。,答案,2.They gave money to the old peoples home either _ or through their panies.(2015安徽，31) A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.deliberately,解析,解析考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：他們或者個人或者通過他們的公司給敬老院捐款。legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真誠地；personally親自，當面，個別地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，謹慎地，慎重地。根據(jù)through their panies可知personally為正確答案。,答案,考點歸納,解決詞義辨析題的關鍵是牢記某些高頻詞的詞義，掌握詞義的有效辦法就是通過語境去記憶，通過背誦句子來記憶詞匯的音、形、義。 1.Did he break it accidentally (by accident/by chance)? No，purposely (on purpose). 他是不小心把它打碎了嗎？ 不是，是故意地。 2.Search your heart and ask if youre equally to blame. 捫心自問，你是不是同樣也應該受到譴責。,3.Im especially (particularly) fond of pop songs. 我尤其喜歡流行音樂。,4.Eventually (Finally)，he made it.他終于成功了。 創(chuàng)設語境牢記下列高考高頻詞匯： increasingly，largely，meanwhile，merely，pletely，partly，practically，rarely，accessible，accurate，adaptable，addicted，adorable，affordable，aggressive，alternative，apparent，artificial，available，casual，cautious，plex，confident，constant，contradictory，controversial，dramatic，effective，flexible，frequent，individual，inevitable，optional，permanent，potential，relevant，skeptical，secure，sensitive，responsible，subtle，transparent，unique等。,考點2形容詞與副詞的比較等級,1.Andy is content with the toy.It is_ he has ever got. (2015四川，7) A.a better B.the better C.a best D.the best,解析,解析考查形容詞的最高級。句意為：安迪對這個玩具很滿意。這是他得到的最好的玩具。根據(jù)he has ever got可以推知這是“他得到的最好的玩具”。故選D。,答案,2.Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was. A.twice as B.as twice C.twice much D.much twice,解析,解析句意為：據(jù)說這個發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是以前的兩倍大。倍數(shù)表達法有多種，此處考查的是“倍數(shù)詞as形容詞/副詞原級as其他”結構。故選A。,答案,考點歸納,(一)形容詞與副詞的比較級,(1)Goods imported from abroad are not always even better than those made in China. Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality. 國外進口的貨物并不一定比中國做得更好。 沒錯。我們國家生產的一些商品質量很好。 (2)Its believed that the harder you work，the better result youll get. 人們相信，工作越努力，得到的結果將越好。,(二)形容詞與副詞的最高級,(1)The happiest are not those who own all the best things，but those who can appreciate the beauty of life. 最幸福的人們并不是擁有最好的東西的人，而是那些懂得欣賞生活的美好的人。 (2)I cant agree with you more，but we cant afford the money. 我非常同意你的觀點，但我們負擔不起這筆費用。,(三)表示倍數(shù)的幾個句型,(1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one. 為迎接下一屆亞運會而正在修建的體育場將是現(xiàn)在的三倍大。 (2)Mr Hilton is very pleased with the newly-built house，which is almost twice the size of the one he used to live in. 希爾頓先生對新建的房子很滿意，這個房子幾乎是他過去居住房子的兩倍大。,考點3形容詞作狀語,Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith? Certainly.Read the next chapter and e to class _ to discuss what youve read. A.preparing B.prepared C.to prepare D.to be prepared,解析句意為：史密斯小姐，請說明一下周一的任務好嗎？當然可以。閱讀下一章，來上課的時候準備好討論你所讀的內容。根據(jù)句子結構可知設空處應為狀語，表示狀態(tài)。此處prepared為過去分詞轉換為形容詞，強調狀態(tài)，說明到學校的時候已經(jīng)準備好了。,解析,答案,考點歸納,(1)Having been out of touch with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound. 與父母失去聯(lián)系兩年后，瓊斯安然無恙地回到了家中。 (2)Scared and alone，Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who bees his closest friend. 由于害怕和孤獨，一天喬舒亞和一只被他叫作伯利恒的小老鼠成為朋友，之后那只小老鼠成了他最親密的朋友。,考點4連接副詞辨析,Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and，_，supply more jobs.(2014安徽，33) A.however B.anywhere C.therefore D.otherwise,解析考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：我們希望的是，我們能在市場發(fā)揮更大的作用，因此，提供更多的就業(yè)機會。however然而，表轉折關系；anywhere無論何處，表條件；therefore因此，表因果關系；otherwise否則，表相反的結果。根據(jù)句意選C。,解析,答案,考點歸納,1.表示增補：besides，further，then，similarly，likewise，moreover 2.表示等同：similarly，likewise，equally 3.表示對比：rather，oppositely 4.表示概括：altogether，generally 5.表示列舉：first(ly)，second(ly)，finally,6.表示條件：otherwise 7.表示讓步：however，still，yet，nevertheless，though，anyway 8.表示結果：therefore，consequently，accordingly，thus 9.表示時間過渡：meanwhile，sometimes，occasionally 10.表示同位關系：namely 11.表示著重特指：mainly，mostly，particularly，especially,考點5形容詞與副詞短語辨析,What did you do last weekend? Oh，nothing _.(2014大綱全國，35) A.much B.elseC.ever D.yet,解析句意為：上周末你干什么了？哦，沒(干)什么事。nothing much和nothing else是固定短語，nothing much意為“沒什么事”，nothing else意為“沒有別的東西，沒有別的事情”；nothing不和ever構成固定短語，但可以一起用在句中，表示“沒有什么事情曾經(jīng)”；nothing和yet也不能構成固定短語，但也可以同時出現(xiàn)在句中。由語境可知，此處顯然是表示“沒什么事”。故A項正確。,解析,答案,考點歸納,1.to be sure誠然，無疑 to be rigid刻板地說，死板地說 to be perfect完美地說 to be fair公平而言 to be frank坦率地講 2.good/nice and.很，非常，完全 3.much lessstill less(承接前述否定內容)更不用說 still more還有更多；更進一步,4.so much the better那樣更好 for better or (for) worse 不論是好是壞，不論是福是禍 5.Not a/one (little) bit！一點也不！ 6.last but not leastlast but by no means least 最后但同樣很重要的是,專項訓練,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,1.Since we have been friends for many years，no more of this fancy playing with wordsI want some _ talk here. A.straight B.informal C.fluent D.concrete,答案,解析句意為：我們多年來一直是朋友，不要再玩文字游戲了，我想(和你)坦率地談談。straight 坦率的，正直的，筆直的；informal非正式的； fluent 流利的；concrete具體的。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A。,解析,2.John had planned to make a promise，but _ he changed his mind at the last minute? (2018泰州中學高三上期中，32) A.anyhow B.otherwise C.therefore D.somehow,解析句意為：約翰打算妥協(xié)的，但是不知道什么緣故，在最后幾分鐘，他改變了主意。anyhow無論如何；otherwise否則；therefore因此；somehow不知道什么緣故。故選D。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,3.Dont always put me on the spot like this.You know，because of my duty，I cant give away _ information to you. (2018泰州中學高三上期中，24) A.contemporary B.conventional C.confidential D.consistent,解析,解析句意為：別總是讓我為難，你知道由于我的職責，我不能給你機密資料的。contemporary同時代的；conventional傳統(tǒng)的；confidential保密的；consistent 一致的。根據(jù)語境得知泄露機密讓我很為難。故選C。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,4.Shes added a few characters and changed some names but _ this is a true story. Apletely B.necessarily C.gradually D.essentially,答案,解析句意為：她加了幾個角色，改了幾個名字。但基本上，這是個真實的故事。pletely完全地；necessarily必然地；gradually漸漸地；essentially本質上地。根據(jù)句意可知選D。,解析,5.Pablo is a(n) _ person.At parties，he always spends time talking to anyone who looks nervous and out of place. A.conservative B.enthusiastic C.sensitive D.stubborn,解析句意為：巴勃羅是個熱心的人。在聚會上，他總是花時間和那些看上去緊張不安的人交談。enthusiastic熱情的，熱心的，符合句意。conservative保守的；sensitive敏感的；stubborn固執(zhí)的，均與句意不符。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,6.Theres little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate._，it is important that we try. A.Meanwhile B.Nevertheless C.Otherwise D.Therefore,解析,解析句意為：我們能成功改變命運的機會不大，雖然如此，試一試還是很重要的。nevertheless然而，不過，雖然如此，符合句意。meanwhile同時，其間；otherwise否則，另外；therefore因此，所以。故選B項。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,7.Many a student has a _ opinion of him. But he is spoken _ of by the leaders. A.bad；worse B.badly；highly C.bad；more D.bad；better,答案,解析,解析句意為：很多學生對他印象不好。但是領導對他評價好很多。把領導的意見和學生的意見作對比。,8.It was a seemingly impossible task，but Helen，though physically challenged，carried on _，until it was pletely fulfilled. A.instead B.yet C.regardless D.still,解析句意為：這好像是不可能的任務，但是海倫，盡管是對體能的挑戰(zhàn)，不管怎樣都會繼續(xù)下去直到徹底完成。instead相反；yet還；regardless不管怎樣；still仍然。故選C。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,9.To promote a correct understanding of the Basic Law，we need the courage to clarify some _ points of view and to put the system into practice.(2017蘇州調研，22) A.artificial B.arbitrary C.ambiguous D.absolute,解析句意為：為了促進對基本法的正確理解，我們需要勇氣來闡明一些模棱兩可的觀點，并將這種體制付諸實施。ambiguous模糊的，模棱兩可的，符合句意。artificial人工的，人造的，矯揉造作的；arbitrary武斷的，任意的；absolute絕對的，完全的。故選C。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,10.Sue was greatly inspired though she made _ improvements in her English writing.(2018南通、徐州等七市聯(lián)考，24) A.modest B.brilliant C.tremendous D.considerable,解析句意為：盡管蘇在她的英語書寫上只取得了一點點小的進步，但她仍然備受鼓舞。modest不太大的，微小的；brilliant聰明的；tremendous巨大的；considerable可觀的，相當?shù)摹９蔬xA。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,