新目標(biāo)九年級Unit 3 被動語態(tài).ppt

被動語態(tài),1.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.,2.English is spoken by many people .,4.Lucky 52 is watched on TV by many people .,3.The tickets about heroes are sold out .,5.Rice is planted in South China.,6.He is said a good boy .,語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。 英語有兩種語態(tài)即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。,主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者。 如： Many students study English.(主動語態(tài)) English is studied by many students. (被動語態(tài)),語態(tài),助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)的變化,其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動詞時一樣。 如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher.,被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞,不同的時態(tài)有不同的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：,by many students.,主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法,1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。,2.把主動語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的謂語。,3.把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的by 短語。（ by短語可以省。 by短語 后跟代詞的賓格。）,by the teacher.,3.The teacher often asks him questions.,He,is asked,questions,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,肯定句：主語be + 過去分詞(by ) 否定句：主語be not 過去分詞(by ) 一般疑問句：Be 主語過去分詞(by )? 特殊疑問句： 疑問詞be主語過去分詞 (by ),被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be動詞后面的過去分詞不變。,by many students.,English,is studied,by many students.,English,is not studied,1. They bought ten computers last term,by them last term.,2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：,was/were +過去分詞,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：,will be+過去分詞,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：,can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞,1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),is / am / are + being 過去分詞,1.Some workers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2.He is watching TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,6.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),have / has been 過去分詞,1.We have made twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We have finished our compositions.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu),am/is/are +過去分詞,was/were +過去分詞,am/is/are being +過去分詞,was/were being +過去分詞,shall/will/be going to be +過分,would be +過去分詞,have/has been +過去分詞,had been +過去分詞,Such books are written for children. 這些書是為兒童寫的。 I havent been told about it . 沒有人告訴我這件事,被動語態(tài)的用法,（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰.,Its / was said / believed / reported / + that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 據(jù)報道，這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。,（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用by短語。,The cup was broken by David.,（3）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型.,如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. （以I做主語） A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主語） 2.He teaches us English. We are taught English by him. （以人當(dāng)主語） English is taught to us by him. （以物作主語）,被動語態(tài)的幾種類型,1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語， 指人的賓語叫間接賓語）,常見的接雙賓語的動詞有: to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get,以“人”當(dāng)主語時，變法和一般的變法一樣； 以“物”當(dāng)主語時，在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for.,keep, make 三類的動詞常常有賓語補(bǔ)足 語，在被動語態(tài)中，賓語補(bǔ)足語位置不變。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ) Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. He was seen to go into the office building.,2.含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子的被動語態(tài),不及物動詞沒有賓語，因此沒有被動語態(tài)。但有的不及物動詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語動詞之后，其作用相當(dāng)于及物動詞，可以接賓語，因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。在變成被動語態(tài)時，不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動詞的介詞或副詞.,They take good care of my child. My child is taken good care of . I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me),3.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài),下列這些短語本身即是被動語態(tài)的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆蓋著 be interested in 對感興趣 be surprised at 對感到驚奇 be made of （from）用制造的,動詞短語的被動語態(tài) take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after,即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不定式不加to，但變被動句時必須加to.,1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.,He,was seen,to play basketball last Sunday.,2.We heard them sing in the classroom.,They,was heard,to sing in the classroom.,4.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài),（1）當(dāng)主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞 時，不能改為被動語態(tài)。 We often help each other. 我們常?；ハ鄮椭?。 （2）當(dāng)謂語是表狀態(tài)的及物動詞時（如have , like , take place , belong to ） 如： I like these flowers. 我喜歡這些花。 I will have a meeting. 不說A meeting will be had. 應(yīng)說A meeting will be held .,5.不能用于被動語態(tài)的幾種情況,把下列句子變成被動語態(tài): A car knocked him down yesterday. 2）Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team 3）When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree,A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,The medical team is made up of by two,Practice,4)Well put on the play next Sunday 5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school 6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year,The play will be put on next Sunday,A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school,The railway had been completed by the end of last year,填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改為被動語態(tài)） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week .,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （同上） English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will publish these story-books next month. （同上） These story-books _ _ _ next month.,can be spoken,has been learned,will be published,6. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (濟(jì)南市中考題） another man-made satellite into space last week.變主動語態(tài) 7.People there planted many trees last year. Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青島市中考題） 8. They grow vegetables on the farm. The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考題）,They sent up,were planted,are grown,中考題,1. In some countries , tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 2. Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place,3. The new type of car is going to _ in three years. A. turn out B. be turned out C. has turned out D. have been turned out 4. The woman murdered her friend and _ to _. A. was sentenced , death B. sentencing , die C. sentenced , death D. sentenced , die,被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)：選擇填空,5. Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 6. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait,7. _ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says 8. I want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry , _ already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken,9. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrived C. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived 10. He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. will be given C. would have given D. would be given,11. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed 12. Plays _ twice a month in that theatre. A. put on B. are put on C. was put on D. often put on,13. The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to 14. A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard 15. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for,16. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting. A. has been asked B. has been asked C. Have been asked D. have been asked 17. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now. A. have been sold , get nothing B. has been sold , get nothing C. has been sold , get some D. have been sold , get some,18. The new play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ? A. is being shown B. is showing C. is shown D. shows 19. Can you tell _ ? A. when did it happen B. when was it happened C. when it happened D. when it was happened,20. _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please. A. Has finished B. Has being finished C. Is finish D. Has been finished,1.Our school _in 2002.(開辦) 2.The young trees must_ _ _ well. (照顧) 3. _ this building_(建成)last year? 4.The book _ _(寫)by him last year. 5. The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989. 6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _ (舉行) in UK in 2012.,was opened,be looked after,Was,built,was written,wasnt built,be held,完成下列句子：,用所給動詞的適當(dāng)時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空 1. When _ the first man-made satellite _ （send）up into space ? 2. Last year vegetables _ (grow）in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell）them himself. 3. She _ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening. 4. How many magazines _（ can borrow）in your library every week ?,Homework,5. John _（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago. 6. Who _ （save）her father ? He _ （save）by that policeman.,7. The doctor _ （send for）because his grandpa was ill. 8. Moon cakes _ （make）by his mother every year . _ your mother _ （make）moon cakes for you every year ?,9. Some toys _ （buy）as a presents for these children last Monday. 10. _ paper _ （make）of wood ?,