（新課標(biāo) 北京專用）2014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)方案 階段評(píng)估檢測(cè) （1）（含解析）

階段評(píng)估檢測(cè)(一) 第卷第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1_ spacecraft Shenzhou IX took off on June 16，2012 at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in _ Northwest China.AThe; the BThe; / CA; the DA; /2The Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands have been part of China's territory since ancient times, _ is fully proven by history and is legally well­founded.Awhere Bwho Cthat Dwhich3It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhat4John said that light _ much faster than sound.Atravel Btravels Ctraveled Dwill travel5David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature_ he chose the course.Athat Bwhat Cwhy Dhow6Most museums are just for looking. But today some of them have things for you to touch. The _ say, “_！”Asigns; Do touch Bnotices; To touchCsignals; Be touching Dsigns; No touching7Jack left _ message for me, saying he was in _ trouble.Aa; the Ba; / C/; / Dthe; a8He _ me politely _ the way to the station.Asaid to; to show him Btold to; to show meCasked; to show him Dtold; to show me9Why are you so late?We were _ by the terrible traffic.Aset up Bput up Cbrought up Dheld up10It _ the second time that he _ to visit China.Ais; had come Bis; cameCwas; has come Dwas; had come11Liu Yang is so excellent _ she has become the first Chinese woman astronaut of our country.Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhere12Willie has been fired by KFC._ He is late for work five times a week!AHardly surprising! BForget it!CHow come? DWho knows?13The boy was lucky to escape _ by his father.Apunishing Bpunished Cbeing punished Dbe punished14You can't imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.Awalked Bwalk Cto walk Dwalking15He commanded that all the gates _Ashould shut Bwould be shut Cshut Dbe shut第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。I am a straight­A student and have been my whole life. When you come from a family of educators, it just seems _16_. With high academic standards and a_17_spirit, I don't just dislike losing, and I can't_18_it. I need to beat the top students, preferably in_19_. I've even got so far as to define myself by my _20_， saying that how _21_ I am. If I don't get the grade I _22_， then I am lost. Today I was sitting in class trying to _23_ the last minutes to study for a test I had to get full marks. _24_ the girl behind me started talking to me, I tried to listen _25_ while still glancing at my study sheet now and then. When I thought the _26_ required it, I smiled, _27_and agreed. And then I found myself wishing she would be _28_ so I could study. After a while, she said, “You know, you're a really good _29_. You're so easy to talk to.” I froze. I replayed the _30_ in my head before smiling and accepting it gladly. But inside, I knew it wasn't true. She'd made every effort to have a conversation and I wasn't even trying to _31_. I passed the test excellently _32_ my worry of lost study time, but the one thing I needed to learn most wasn't on that test. I had _33_ being the best student so that I had failed at just being normal. So what matters to me most? What I have is all about my personal _34_ and about me being too self­centered. There can only be so many scholars, but there is never _35_ sympathy. I want that to be what matters to mesympathy.16A.awesome Bnatural Cunfortunate Dcompulsory17A.competitive Bconservative Cprimitive Dsubjective18A.swear Brecommend Ctease Dstand19A.everything Bsomething Cnothing Dthings20A.parents Bgrades Cappearance Dstandards21A.handsome Binteresting Coutstanding Dmodest22A.steal Bexpect Cdeserve Dallocate23A.make up of Bmake use of Ctake care of Dtake charge of24A.When BWhile CBecause DBefore25A.attentively Bbitterly Cpolitely Ddeliberately26A.conversation Bstudying Ctest Dsheet27A.nodded Bshook Cglanced Dwandered28A.quiet Bgentle Cnoisy Dsleepy29A.talker Blistener Clecturer Dteacher30A.praise Bblame Crudeness Dflattery31A.alarm Bgather Cparticipate Dshout32A.despite Bduring Cexcept Dbeyond33A.brought on Bdepended on Ccarried on Dfocused on34A.appetite Banxiety Csuccess Dfeeling35A.few Bsignificant Clow Denough第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AI never thought I would have a life­changing experience at Wal­Mart. Although my thoughts were only on speed, the checkout line I was standing in wasn't moving as quickly as I wanted, and I glanced toward the cashier. There stood a man in his seventies, wearing glasses and a nice smile. I thought, well, he's an old guy!For the next few minutes I watched him. He greeted every customer before scanning the items. Sure, his words were the usual, “How's it going？” But he did something differenthe actually listened to people. Then he would respond to what they had said and engage them in brief conversation. I thought it was odd. I has grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of robotic conversational habit. After a while, you don't give any thought to the question and just mumble something back. I could say, “I just found out I have six months to live，” and someone would reply, “Have a great day！”But that wasn't the end. He gave them the change, walked around the counter, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. He looked the customers in the eyes. “I sure want to thank you for shopping here today，” he told them. “You have a great day. Bye­bye.”The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless. There were smiles and some sheepish grins. All had been touched by his simple gestureand in a place they never expected. They would gather their things and walk out, smiling. Of course, he did the same to me and I got to know his nameMarty. Who was that guy? It was as if Sam Walton had come back from the dead and invaded this old guy's body. I had never walked away from that shop feeling like that.36The checkout line the writer was standing in moved slower than expected because _Athe cashier couldn't work as fast as othersBthere were some big purchasesCthe cashier did more than scanning the itemsDthe writer was not patient enough37According to the writer, when common people ask you “How's it going？” _Athey don't really care what you may answerBthey are just practicing their conversation abilityCthey are inquiring about your private informationDthey don't expect to hear any negative answers38What can we infer about Sam Walton?AHe might be Marty's father or grandfather.BHe might be friendly and devoted to Wal­Mart.CHe might have died while working in the market.DHe might have come back from the dead once before.39What does the writer intend to express through the text?AOur everyday life is always full of surprises.BMost customers enjoy being treated this way.CBeing different is a good way of doing business.DA little positive action can make a big difference.BAlthough the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely an urban society. Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林業(yè)), and most of the rest live in or around towns, small and large. Here the traditional picture is changing：every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(large cities with their suburbs, of more than a million people eacha larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France). The statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù))of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day. As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb. But more and more typical Americans live in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.40If now America has 250 million people, how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?AAbout 25 million. BMore than 25 million.CLess than 25 million. DLess than 225 million.41Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas?AUnited States. BGermany.CFrance. DEngland.42What's the meaning of the underlined word “metropolitan”？AOf a large city with its suburbs. BOf small and large towns.COf urban areas. DOf rural areas.43According to the passage, what can we learn about small towns in the United States?AMost small towns become gradually crowded.BSmall towns are still similar to each other.CAs the traditional picture is changing, towns are different.DSmall towns are turning into large cities.CThe African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant­eater, it largely shapes the forest­and­savanna (稀樹草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant­eaters.Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant­eaters to move around and for small plant­eaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.44What is the passage mainly about?ADisappearance of African elephants.BForests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.CThe effect of African elephants' search for food.DThe eating habit of African elephants.45What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?AFixing the time. BWorsening the state.CImproving the quality. DDeciding the conditions.46What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?AThey result from the destruction of rain forests.BThey provide food mainly for African elephants.CThey are home to many endangered animals.DThey are attractive to plant­eating animals of different kinds.DFind a quiet location. Keep a routine. Focus on one subject at a time. It all seems like sound advice for students who need to hit the books, but recent studies indicate the conventional wisdom is all wrong.Here's a list of tips from Carey, a scientist, for getting the most out of your study time：Test yourself：Doing practice quizzes can help you retrieve information on test day. “Tests have a very bad reputation as a measurement tool，” Carey says. But psychologists have found self­tests slow down the forgetting of material you've studied. “If you study something once, and then you test yourself on it，” Carey says, “you do better than if you study it two times over.”Move around：Changing up where you study can help you retain more information. “If you move around and study the same material in several places，” he says, “you may be formingmultiple associations for the same material, the same words and so on. So it's better anchored in your brain, and you can pull it out easier.”Mix it up：Think about a football player who does strength training, speed training and drills. Carey says alternating between different facets of a subject in a single sitting can “l(fā)eave a deeper impression on the brain”. For example, when studying French, do some verbs, some speaking and some reading. Spending your time in deep concentration on just verbs, say, isn't as effective.Space it out：Information learned in a hurry is lost just as fast. Carey likens cramming your brain to speed­packing a cheap suitcaseit all falls out. So if you really want to learn, space out shorter, hour­long study sessions. “There's no doubt you can cram your way through an exam，” Carey says. The problem is that it's so easy to forget what you just crammedand once it's gone, Carey says, “it's gone. You're not getting it back.”O(jiān)f course, nothing can replace the power of motivation and discipline. But Carey says the overall message is encouraging：“Studying can sort of be incorporated into a more varied life, much more easily than we thought.”47According to the text, the best way to learn is _Ato learn one's subject at a time in a quiet placeBto be strongly motivated to learn somethingCto mix up everything that you will learnDto do self­tests after you learn immediately48How did the writer develop the fifth paragraph?ABy telling an interesting story. BBy presenting in the time order.CBy analyzing cause and effect. DBy making a comparison.49Why did the author write the passage?ATo present some new advice on learning.BTo introduce some traditional wisdom.CTo explain some phenomena of studying.DTo list some views on reading books.50It can be inferred from what Carey said in the third paragraph that _Atests used to be treated as a tool to judge learnersBtests would give you a way to measure yourselfCtests were the best way to learn new informationDtests do good to you more than learning itself第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Love and friendship Both are so much related to each other. And both are so different! What are the differences between friendship and love? Is pure friendship possible between persons of opposite sex? _51_52_ Why do we call a person our friend? When do we call someone a very good friend? If we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person, he/she is our good friend. We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency. We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way._53_ The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so reliable, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.What about love? In a relationship of deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above are taken for granted. But love goes beyond all this. During love, we are attached with a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends. _54_ So one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt! Love also involves a physical element. Friendship does not have that. This is a vital difference. Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward. Nature does not give us friendship.Your heart beats will never increase in expectation of meeting your friend. You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend. You will not feel totally lost, if you don't meet your friend for a few days. You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend. But in love, you will do all these and much more. _55_A. We need not explain anything to our very good friends.B. There is no doubt that our friends will rely on us.C. Let us try and understand.D. We'd better lay more emphasis on either of them.E. What is friendship?F. A loving relationship makes one much attached to the other.G. Indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.第卷第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)情景作文(20分)假設(shè)你是某中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)的小記者；以下漫畫內(nèi)容是你的所見(jiàn)所聞，請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文投稿。內(nèi)容要求：1描述漫畫內(nèi)容；2.發(fā)表個(gè)人感想。注意：1. 短文標(biāo)題與開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2. 考生可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、連貫；3. 詞數(shù)不少于60；4. 文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 參考詞匯：告示牌signMind Your Behavior in Public PlacesLast Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park._第二節(jié)開(kāi)放作文(15分)請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it._參考答案參 考 答 案階段評(píng)估檢測(cè)(一)第一部分第一節(jié)1B考查冠詞的用法。表特指用定冠詞。句意為：神舟九號(hào)宇宙飛船于2012年6月16日在位于中國(guó)西北部的酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心升空。2D考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替上文所說(shuō)的事情，所以用which。句意為：釣魚島及其附屬島嶼自古就是中國(guó)的固有領(lǐng)土，這是有充分的歷史和法律依據(jù)的。3D考查主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。此處it是形式主語(yǔ)，what引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，作真正的主語(yǔ)，what在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。句意為：總統(tǒng)采取什么行動(dòng)結(jié)束這次罷工一點(diǎn)兒也不清楚。4B考查賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：約翰說(shuō)光要比聲音傳播的速度快。若主句的謂語(yǔ)為過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要用過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)，但是如果是客觀事實(shí)和客觀真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變。故選B項(xiàng)。5A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：大衛(wèi)說(shuō)就是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)文學(xué)有強(qiáng)烈的興趣他才選擇了這門課程。句子中強(qiáng)調(diào)because of his strong interest in literature，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的公式為：It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分that/who剩余的部分。6A考查名詞辨析和強(qiáng)調(diào)。句意為：大部分的博物館只是供觀看的，但是今天其中有一些博物館里的東西你可以觸摸。上面標(biāo)著“觸摸一下！”sign符號(hào)，記號(hào)，標(biāo)志； notice通知，注意； signal信號(hào)。從上句的But today some of them have things for you to touch. 看出，是讓觸摸的。Do touch！是祈使句，do用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)。7B考查冠詞。句意為：杰克給我留口信，說(shuō)他處在困難中。第一個(gè)空a message表示泛指，第二個(gè)空是固定搭配，in trouble處在困難中，不用加冠詞。8C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)。句意為：他很禮貌地要我給他指去車站的路。句中使用的是ask sb to do sth請(qǐng)求某人做某事。9D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：你們?yōu)槭裁磥?lái)得這么晚？我們被糟糕的交通給阻擋了。set up搭起，建設(shè)； put up張貼，舉起，留宿； bring up提出，教育，撫養(yǎng)； hold up舉起，阻擋，攔截。10D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：這是他第二次來(lái)訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。在句型It be the first/second/thirdtime that中，若前面用is，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，若用was，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。11B考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：劉洋是如此優(yōu)秀以至于成了中國(guó)第一位女航天員。sothat如此以至于，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。12A考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意為：威利被肯德基店解雇了。不令人吃驚！他一周遲到五次。Hardly surprising! “不令人吃驚！” Forget it！“不必在意！” How come？“怎么會(huì)呢？” Who knows？“誰(shuí)知道？”根據(jù)He is late for work five times a week！看出答案。13C考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：這個(gè)男孩很幸運(yùn)地逃脫了他父親對(duì)他的懲罰。escape doing sth逃避做某事，又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)The boy與punish是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。14D考查固定搭配。句意為：你想象不出我們?cè)诒╋L(fēng)雪中有多么困難走回家的。have difficulty (in) doing sth做有困難。故選D項(xiàng)。15D考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：他命令所有的門都要關(guān)上。command后面跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要用should動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略，又因?yàn)間ate與shut是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)文章大意 來(lái)自教師家庭的我，一直以來(lái)在學(xué)習(xí)上都出類拔萃，遙遙領(lǐng)先，并引以為豪，專心學(xué)習(xí)、打敗所有的對(duì)手一直是我的目標(biāo)，考試前的幾分鐘我都在拼命地學(xué)習(xí)，但和坐在后排的那位女孩的一次談話經(jīng)歷使我的心態(tài)有所改變。16B語(yǔ)境為：當(dāng)你出生自父母都是老師的家庭，這一切都會(huì)很自然(natural)。awesome令人驚嘆的，很困難的； unfortunate不幸的，令人遺憾的； compulsory強(qiáng)制的，必須做的。17A對(duì)應(yīng)前面的“high academic standards”，再結(jié)合下文的“dislike losing”可以看出，這里指的是：作者在學(xué)習(xí)上水平高，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)強(qiáng)，所以，他不僅不喜歡失敗，而且也無(wú)法忍受失敗。conservative保守的，守舊的； primitive原始的。18D根據(jù)上下文可知，作者不僅是不喜歡失去自己的優(yōu)異成績(jī)，他也無(wú)法忍受(stand)這個(gè)情況。swear咒罵，詛咒； tease取笑，戲弄。19A上文告訴我們，作者認(rèn)為自己的實(shí)力較強(qiáng)，不喜歡失敗，也忍受不了失敗，所以他要做的就是：要在所有方面，擊敗優(yōu)等生。所以選everything，意思是：各個(gè)方面。20B語(yǔ)境為：我的學(xué)習(xí)達(dá)到如此優(yōu)秀的水平，以至于通過(guò)我的考試成績(jī)(grade)就能看出我是多么優(yōu)秀。24空前“full marks”中有暗示。21Coutstanding 杰出的，優(yōu)秀的。語(yǔ)境見(jiàn)上一題。handsome英俊的； interesting有趣的； modest謙虛的，謙遜的。22B前文告訴我們，作者一直要做最好的學(xué)生(I am a straight­A student and have