一般現(xiàn)在時分析與講解.doc
一般現(xiàn)在時:一般現(xiàn)在時的句子結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動詞+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性、永久性的動作。經(jīng)常性:我每天刷牙(tooth)I brush teeth every day.我經(jīng)常早上跑步I often run in the morning.我在星期五有一個會議I have a meet on the Friday.我通常每個周末去照顧奶奶。I usually go to take care of my grandma every week.Take care of sb 照顧某人= look after sb 出現(xiàn)哪些詞語,代表一般現(xiàn)在時的經(jīng)常性:1、 經(jīng)常often 2、通常usually3、總是always4、每年、每月、每日.every year,every month, every day5、sometimes有時,today 今天,沒有時間表示就可以認為是一般現(xiàn)在時, in the morning在早上,習慣性:我通常每天早上吃早餐I usually have breakfast every morning.我每天晚上寫作業(yè)I do homework every evening.我喜歡吃糖I like eating sweet.我不喜歡I do not like eating sweet.我爸爸通常周末休息 have a rest My father usually has a rest at weekend.永久性:再也不never 我再也不撒謊了I never lie.總結(jié):一般現(xiàn)在時出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)常性詞語(often/usually/always/every.),習慣性(often/usually/always/every.),永久性(never.)補充:規(guī)律性、真理性規(guī)律性:every.,太陽從東方升起,從西方落下晚上月亮出現(xiàn)在,太陽出現(xiàn)在白天。真理性:地球套著太陽轉(zhuǎn),月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。.人稱主語be形容詞性物主代詞賓語第一人稱I/weAm/are My/ourMe/us第二人稱YouAre youryou第三人稱He/she/it/they/名字Is/is/is/are/復數(shù)用are,單數(shù)用isHis/her/its/their/名字sHim/her/it/them/名字重點:第三人稱單數(shù):he/she/it/名字 人名字是考點中的重點例子:單數(shù):我的叔叔 my uncle ,他的爸爸 his father .復數(shù):xiaoming and xiao fang 重點:一般現(xiàn)在時在哪些情況下,會發(fā)生特殊的變化。分析:當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的時候,動詞會發(fā)生變化。動詞變化:1、 一般情況下:動詞+s例子:like +s likes listen+s listens 2、動詞末尾的字母是“y”,去“y”+“ies”,如果末尾字母的前一個單詞是元音字母,直接+“s”(元音字母:a e i o u)Fly - flies try-tries study-studies carry-carries3、 動詞末尾出現(xiàn)“o”“x”“sh”“ch”,+es例子:Dodoes gogoes Fixfixes Wash - washes fish - fishes Brush - brushes Watch - watches reach-reaches 4、 不規(guī)則變化Have- has一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞變化,有哪些情況,下面舉例子分析:1、 他通常每天吃早飯。(have breakfast)He usually has breakfast every morning.2、 我的媽媽喜歡唱歌My mother likes singing.3、 小明從不吃早飯。Xiaoming never has breakfast 4、 小明的媽媽每天洗衣服Xiaomings mother washes clothes every day.Xiaomings parents(小明的父母)Child孩子 children 孩子們 5、 小明和他的爸爸從不吃早餐Xiao Ming and his father never have breakfast.總結(jié):一般現(xiàn)在時,容易錯的地方就是是否關(guān)注到主語為第三人稱單數(shù),如果是第三人稱單數(shù),動詞需要變化。如果不是,則不需要變化,原形即可。一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式:有be動詞:主語+be動詞+not+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語我不是小明。I am not xiao ming他不是小明He is not xiao ming 你不是我的哥哥You are not my brother.有情態(tài)動詞:主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語情態(tài)動詞:may,can,should,must我不可以參加你的晚會I can not join your party.She can not join your party.我不應(yīng)該撒謊I should not lie.沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞:主語+助動詞+not+動詞原形+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語助動詞:do,當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,do-does我通常不吃早飯I do not usually have breakfast.小明不喜歡吃早飯Xiaoming does not like having breakfast.一般現(xiàn)在時的一般疑問句:Be: be+主語+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語?情態(tài)動詞:情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語?1、 句中有be、情態(tài)動詞,直接提前,后面加?例子1:他是她的哥哥。He is her brother.改為一般疑問句:Is he her brother?例子2、你可以吃冰激凌。You can eat ice cream.改為一般疑問句:Can you eat ice cream?2、 句子中沒有be、情態(tài)動詞,在主語前面+助動詞,do或者does助動詞+主語+動詞原形+名詞/賓語+地點狀語+時間狀語例子1、小明喜歡吃冰激凌嗎?Does xiaoming like eating ice cream?例子2、小明和小芳吃冰激凌嗎?Do xiaoming and xiaofang eat ice cream?一般現(xiàn)在時的一般疑問句的肯定回答或者否定回答??隙ɑ卮穑?Yes,主語+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞(do/does)否定回答:No,主語+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+notIs he her brother?肯定回答:yes,he is 否定回答:No,he is notIs not=isnt are not=arentCan i eat ice cream?肯定回答:Yes,you can 否定回答:No,you can notDoes xiaoming like eating ice cream?肯定回答:Yes,xiao ming does否定回答:No, xiaoming does not Do xiaoming and xiaofang eat ice cream?肯定回答:Yes,xiaoming and xiaofang do 否定回答:No,xiaoming and xiaofang do not Does not =doesnt do not=dontIs not=isnt are not=arent一個句中不能有兩個動詞,如果一個句子有了一個動詞,后面所有的動詞變成名詞(動名詞)他不喜歡吃冰激凌He does not like eating ice cream.動名詞如何變化:1、一般情況下,直接+ing 例子:play+ing playingEat+ing eating 2、 動詞的末尾的音節(jié)發(fā)閉音節(jié),要雙寫最后一個字母+ing例子:Swimswimming getgetting Hithitting putputting3、 動詞的末尾以“ie”要去點“ie”+y+ing例子:lie -lying die-dying 小明喜歡游泳。Xiao ming likes swimming.小芳經(jīng)常撒謊。Xiaofang often lies. 13