2010年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《理工類(lèi)B級(jí)》考點(diǎn)精粹與答案一

時(shí)代學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)( ，為廣大學(xué)者創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和諧干凈、積極向上和有素養(yǎng)的學(xué)習(xí)交流場(chǎng)所，時(shí)代學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)會(huì)因?yàn)槟銈兊牡絹?lái)而更加精彩。2010年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)B級(jí)考點(diǎn)精粹與答案（一）一、 詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線(xiàn)部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1 How do you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?A explain B examineC choose D expand2 This kind of material was seldom used in building houses during the Middle Ages.A never B rarelyC often D only3 People from many places were drawn to the city by its growing economy.A fetched B carriedC attracted D pushed4 The soldier displayed remarkable courage in the battle.A placed B showedC pointed D decided5 The nursery is bright and cheerful.A pleasant B cleanC peaceful D large6 What were the consequences of the decision she had made?A reasons B resultsC causes D bases7 She was grateful to him for being so good to her.A careful B hatefulC beautiful D thankful8 There are only five minutes left, but the outcome of the match is still in doubtA result B judgementC estimation D event9 He is certain that the dictionary is just what I want.A sure B angryC doubtful D worried10 The last few weeks have been enjoyableA close B nearC past D several11 About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factoriesA third B fourthC tenth D fifteenth12 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center.A. get rid of B set upC repairD paint13 We shall keep the money in a secure place.A clean B secretC distant D safe14 The great changes of the city astonished every visitor to that cityA attacked B surprisedC attracted D interested15 They didnt realize how serious the problem was.A know B forgetC doubt D remember第2部分：閱讀判斷 (1622題，第題1分，共7分)下面這篇短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}材卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}材卡上把C涂黑。Its in the CardsIn recent years, more and more people have been paying for things with credit cards. There are now 565 million credit cards worldwide, but it doesnt stop there. Debit cards (電子記賬卡) are being issued by banks, and store cards are being offered by many department stores. Bills and coins are gradually being replaced by "plastic money." In many countries, phone cards have been introduced for people to use in pay phones. In addition, cards made of paper are being replaced by plastic ones by many organizations and clubs. For example, if you belong to a sports club, your membership card may well be made of plastic.How safe is the plastic used to make these cards, though? Until now, most cards have been made from a plastic called PVC. While PVC is being produced, harmful chemicals are released into the atmosphere. One of the most dangerous chemicals that is released is dioxin, which is known to cause cancer in humans. A further problem is that, when a PVC card is thrown away, it is not biodegradable; this means that it does not "break down" and cannot be recycled. Obviously, recycling reduces pollution of the environment.The executive director of the environmental organization and charity Greenpeace, Peter Melchett, says, "If there is a solution to this - and an alternative then it would be madness not to use it." Greenpeace has found a solution and an alternative. Their new credit card is made entirely from a biodegradable plastic that uses plants. The card breaks down in around three months in soil; in this way, it is recycled. In contrast, a PVC card lasts for centuries Greenpeace hopes that many organizations will soon follow their example and issue cards that do not threaten the public health.16 The new Greenpeace card breaks down in a few monthsA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 The plastic used in credit cards is fairly safe.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 The cards that are wildly used now are credit cards.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Most credit cards are biodegradableA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 The new credit card that is being introduced by Greenpeace is not made of plastic.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Fewer and fewer credit cards are made of paper,A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Greenpeace cards are widely used in many organizations now.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子 (第2330題，第題1分，共8分)下面這篇短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選取項(xiàng)中為第25段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第2730題材要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1. Children enjoy shouting at a high wall and hearing the sound come back to them. These sounds are called echoes (回聲). Echoes have given us a number of valuable tools.2. Echo sounding devices were early used in making maps of the ocean floor. Sounds or ultrasonic (超聲的) sounds make good tools for determining how deep the water is under ships. Sometimes echoes from ultrasonic distance finding devices were prevented from working by fish swimming past or by the presence of large objects. So ultrasonic devices have been replaced by other tools.3. Radar is now a familiar tool. Like many others it was an unexpected discovery. It was first observed by two researchers, who were studying sound communication. They were sending signals from a station on one side of a river in Washington,D IC. to a vehicle across the river. They discovered that their signals were stopped by passing ships. They recognized the importance of this discovery at once.4. All this was of course just a start, from which our present radar has developed. The word "radar," in fact, gets its name from the term "radio detection (檢測(cè)) and ranging." "Ranging" is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Today, in our scientific age, it would be difficult to manage without radar.5. One of the many uses of radar is as a speed control device on highways. When a person in an automobile is driving faster than the speed limit, radar will show this clearly and the traffic police can take measures to stop him.6. A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. Many conditions such as flying at night and landing in dense fog require the pilot to use radar. Human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, but radar can show the pilot how fast nearby planes are moving.23 Paragraph 2 .24 Paragraph 3 .25 Paragraph 4 .26 Paragraph 5 .AStudy of SoundBHighway PoliceCWorking PrinciplesDEarly Use of "Radar"EUseful ToolsFDiscovery by Chance27 Echo-sounding devices were early used to.28 Ultrasonic device were used to.29 Police use radar on highways to .30 Radar helps pilots to .Adetect nearby objectsBdetermine the depth of the ocean waterCdecide how fast you driveDstop passing shipsEmap the ocean floorFobserve water flow四、閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇 DennyHis nickname is Denny. He weighs 400 pounds; he is fearless and he never goes to sleep on the job. An ideal security guard? For many situations he may be. And if hes so good that you wish you had a dozen like him, just place your order. Denny is a robot guard.Denny can detect, within a 150-foot radius, the presence of anything or anybody that shouldnt be there. Its swiveling (旋轉(zhuǎn)) head contains microwave and infrared sensors that can detect people as well as smoke. In future editions the head will also contain sensors that can smell the weak smell of a human body.A high-resolution TV camera in Dennys head is on at all time. When something unexpected comes into view, the TV transmitter switches on. Thus the human overseer (看管人) in the control center sees the sudden appearance of a picture on the monitor screen. At the same time the picture is automatically videotaped.Normal speed of the robot guards is about one mile an hour, and they can even talk: you have been detected, warns the voice from the clever guard. Denny is designed to patrol corridors and other areas after lock-down hours (of course, he can work round the clock when necessary), not to move among people. If, say, a prisoner does get near the corridor where he should not be, itll immediately tell its base station by radio.Denny has understandable limitations. He cant open doors or watch stairs, for example, or distinguish friend from enemy. Thus he will have to go about unarmed. And he wont be able to replace human security guards where people move about freely.31 Denny is a robot guard, whoA has mechanical anus and legs.B has microwave and infrared sensors.C has a built-in computer.D depends on his built-in radio for distinguishing a friend from an enemy.32 Which of the following pieces of equipment is NOT mentioned as part of the robot according to the passages?A The TV camera.B The radio transmitter, C The infrared sensor,D The audio tape-recorder.33 Which of the following statements is true?A Only strong smell can be detected by Denny.B Denny is able to replace human security guards where people move about freely.C A high-resolution IV camera in Dennys head is on and off automatically.D Denny cannot open doors or watch stairs.34 Why does Denny have to go unarmed?A He cannot tell an enemy from a friend.B The price would be very high if it were armed,C He does not know how to use a weapon.D It is unlikely that he will be attacked by a human enemy.35 After reading this passages you probably have got the impression thatA Denny moves quite fast.B Denny moves both in corridors and up and down stairs.C Dennys voice warns at regular intervals while patrolling.D Denny moves quite slowly.第二篇Stone Hill MallStone Hill Mall has fewer large department stores than most malls but, instead, features more than 100 small specialty shops, while the few that are not used yet will be filled as soon as the malls owners find proprietors (業(yè)主) who fit the malls image.One thing that makes Stone Hill Mall popular was that all of the stores remain open from 9 a.m. until 10 p. m., Monday through Friday. This favourable start has certainly been advantageous thanks to such features as its being the only shopping centre in the area to provide free baby-sitting for children from two to eight yeas old and its offering restaurants to suit every pocket, with the possible exception of the highly budget-conscious. Furthermore, as far as movie entertainment is concerned, Stone Hill Mall tops Westgate Mall, which looked very impressive when it opened last year, with three separate cinemas.Besides, the air-conditioning system makes sure a comfortable inside temperature of 25 degrees centigrade no matter what the weather is like outside, and in addition to its three beautiful fountains, the mall has a quiet garden area with comfortable benches and chairs for shoppers who have become tired.One complaint about Stone Hill Mall is that it is located outside the city, but there is a regular bus service between the mall, and the city centre. A further complaint might he that, although the mall is surrounded by trees to ma it with the scenery, it will be some years before these can effectively make the main buildings and the vast parking lot a part of the area around.36 Stone Hill Mall is different from other malls because it hasAmore large department stores.Bmore empty space to rent.Cmany shops selling special goods.Dshops selling expensive goods.37 Stone Hill Mall is popular with shoppers mainly because of itsAlong business hours.Battractive restaurants.Cchildrens stores.Dentertainment facilities.38 What makes Stone Hill Mall a more favourable shopping place isAthe prices in the shops.Bthe weather in the area.Cthe childcare facilities,Dthe conditions inside the mall.39 It is implied in the passage that the writer takes a(n)attitude towards the mall.AcriticalBindifferentCfairDone-sided40 The rnain purpose of the passage is toAcompare Stone Hill Mall with other shopping centres.Bintroduce the unique features of the mall.Cdiscuss its strengths and weaknesses.Ddraw attention to the inadequacies of shopping centres.第三篇World FlightPilot Linda Finch will take off on March 17, 1997 to repeat one of the most famous flights of all time-Amelia Earharts 1937 round-the-world journey.The original flight did not end well. In July 1937, near the end of her trip, Earharts Lockheed 10E airplane suddenly disappeared over the Pacific Ocean.Finch hopes that this time she will have a better chance. Though she is flying an exact copy of Ear, arts plane, she will have the latest navigation, communications, and weather-tracking tools.Amelia had to navigate by the stars, an impossible task on a cloudy night, Finch says. Finch, in contrast, will be able to know her exact location-even while flying over the ocean-using the-Global Positioning system (GPS). This ring of orbiting satellites continuously transmits radio signals to Earth. To calculate her position, Finchs GPS receiver will measure how long it takes radio signals transmitted from various satellites to reach the plane. Knowing her location is especially important when flying around the equator, as Earhart did. In that region, thunderstorms are dangerous. I cant fly through thunderstorms, says Finch, because, the winds moving up and down could break the plane. And Finch will not be able to fly above the storms because her airplane Electra is not pressurized. That means the plane is not equipped to pump in outside air to make breathing easier at high altitudes. So Finch will fly around storms-or wait for them to pass. But unlike Earhart, Finch will know what weather is ahead. She will receive regular reports via radar from Naval stations around the globe.Finch will also be in communication with lots of ordinary peoplemaybe even with you! Through her computer and a satellite link, she will receive and transmit email messages. Finch hopes to touch down at her final stop in Honolulu, Hawaii, in May 1997.41 What happened to Earhart?AShe was successful in her world flight.BHer airplane was blown away by the strong winds over the equator.CShe lost her way after failing in communicating with the Naval station around the equator.DHer airplane disappeared while flying over the Pacific Ocean.42 What differences do you find between Finchs airplane and Earharts?A Finchs airplane is a jet plane while Earharts was not.B Finchs airplane is equipped with the modern navigation and weather-tracking systems.C No differences have been found. Finchs airplane is an exact copy Of Earharts in every aspect.D Finchs airplane is an improved version of Earharts in flying speed and altitude.43 What would happen if Finch tried to fly through the storms over the equator?AHer plane would lose its communication with the Naval stations.B She could not stand the plane moving up and down strongly in the storms.CThe strong storms would tear her plane apart.DShe might not be able to control her plane.44 How do you interpret the sentence her airplane Electra is not pressurized (Para.4)?A The plane exerts pressure on the pilot.B The plane is not installed with a piece of equipment to pump in outside air.C The plane cannot keep stable in the storms because the air pressure is not high enough.D The pilot does not feel comfortable under pressure.45 Which of the following statements is true?A Finch can communicate with anyone anywhere in the world.B Finch will be in communication with the Naval stations around the globe only.C Besides the Naval stations, Finch will also be allowed to communicate with her family, but not her friends.D Finch will be allowed to communicate with anyone while flying over the Pacific Ocean.補(bǔ)全短文閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Little Lady Starts Big WarHarriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book "UncleToms Cabin." (46) The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costs with him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1852. They sold out in two days. In a year the book had sold 300,000 copies in the United States and 150,000 in England. (47) Within six months of its release, a play was made from the book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained Americas most popular play for 80 years. It might appear that "Uncle Toms Cabins was universally popular, but this was certainly not true, Many people during those pre-Civil War daysparticularly defenders of the slavery systemcondemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama (傳奇劇作品).Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery (When asked how she came to write the book, she replied: "God wrote it."), and she tried to convince people slavery was wrong, so perhaps the book could be considered propaganda. (48)Though she was born in Connecticut in 1832, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary (神學(xué)院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio River in Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in action. (49) In 1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system. (50)In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said, "So, this is the little lady who started this big war."A She had read a lot about the slavery system.B Today some historians (歷史學(xué)家) think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.C But if so, it was true propaganda, because it accurately described the evils of slavery.D For a while it outsold every book in the world, except the Bible.E But neither she nor her first publisher thought it would be a big success.F She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college.答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A6. B 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C11. B12. A13. D14. B15. A16. A17. B18. C19. B20. B21. A22. B23. D24. F25. C26. B27. E28. B29. C30. A31. B32. D33. D34. A35. D36. C37. A38. D39. A40. C41. D42. B43. C44. B45. A46. E47. D48. C49. F50. B51. C52. B53. D54. C55. B56. A57. B58. D59. A60. C61. B62. A63. C64. D65. A