2019-2020年高中英語 Unit22 Environmental Protection單詞.典句.考點 北師大版選修6.doc
2019-2020年高中英語 Unit22 Environmental Protection單詞.典句.考點 北師大版選修61. bounce vi. 反彈經(jīng)典例句:The football bounced off the goalpost.足球擊中球門門柱彈了出去??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:bouncing adj. 跳躍的, 活潑的2)bounce vi. 反彈, 蹦蹦跳跳。如:Upon hearing shouts of “Help”, he bounced out of the house.一聽到有人叫“救命”, 他就沖出屋子。3)bounce vt. 使彈起。如:The children were bouncing a ball.孩子們在拍皮球。4) bounce vt. 經(jīng)通信衛(wèi)星等反射, 轉(zhuǎn)播。如:That TV program was bounced from a satellite in space.那個電視節(jié)目是由太空衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播的?;顚W(xué)活用:漢譯英1)股票正在反彈。_2)就在這時他弟弟猛然沖進房來。_答案:1)The stocks are bouncing.2)Just at the moment his brother bounced into the room.2. condemn vt. 宣判死刑, 注定毀滅經(jīng)典例句:The murderer was condemned to death for what he had done.那個殺人犯因為自己的所作所為被判死刑。His attempt was condemned to failure because he had not got prepared.他的嘗試注定要失敗, 因為, 他沒有準備好。考點聚焦:1)派生詞:condemnable adj. 該罰的, 該受責(zé)備的, condemnation n. 定罪, 譴責(zé)2)同義詞:sentence vt. 判決3)反義詞:excuse vt. 原諒, 申辯;praise vt. 贊揚, 歌頌4)常見搭配:condemn sb. to death sentence sb. to death判某人以死刑或無期徒刑。如:The judge condemned the drug dealer to death.法官判這個毒品交易商死刑。condemn sb. for sth. 為某事譴責(zé)某人。如:We condemned him for his bad conduct.我們因為他行為不良而責(zé)備他。sth. condemn sb. to sth. 某事迫使某人處于不幸的狀態(tài)。如:His bad leg condemned him to a wheelchair.他的殘腿使他離不開輪椅。condemn sb. 譴責(zé)某人。如:The foreign countrys invader was being condemned by the youths.輕人正在聲討外國的侵略者?;顚W(xué)活用:單項填空1) She had never expected that she would _to five years.A. was condemnedB. have condemnedC. be condemnedD. been condemned2) What the boy had done _ his classmates.A. condemnsB. was condemning byC. condemnedD. was condemned by答案:1) C2) D3. sacrifice vt. &vi. 犧牲, 獻出經(jīng)典例句:Li Hulan sacrificed for the peoples freedom and liberation.劉胡蘭為了人民的自由和解放犧牲了。考點聚焦:1)sacrifice n. 犧牲品。如:He gave his life as a sacrifice for his country.他為國犧牲了。2)常見搭配:at the sacrifice of 犧牲sacrifice ones life to do sth. 做某事奉獻出自己的生命fall a sacrifice to成為的犧牲品make all sacrifices不惜一切犧牲sacrifice.for為而犧牲活學(xué)活用:單句改錯1)He sacrificed his life to saving the drowning child._2)We know how to work, to fight, and sacrifice._答案:1) savingsave2) sacrifice前加to4. advocate vt. 主張, 提倡巧記提示:ad-( 前綴, 表示“運動,方向,變化”) voc(詞根,“聲音,叫喊”)-ate(動詞詞綴,表示“使成為”)經(jīng)典例句:Our premier advocates higher salaries for teachers.我們的總理主張?zhí)岣呓處煹墓べY。He advocates reforming the prison system.他提倡改良監(jiān)獄制度??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:advocation n. (=advocacy) 擁護;advocator n. 擁護者, 提倡者;advocatory adj. 擁護者的2)同義詞:maintain v. 主張3)派義詞:oppose vt. 反對4)advocate vt. 主張, 提倡, 后可接動名詞。如:He advocates building more schools.他主張多建幾所學(xué)校。活學(xué)活用:用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Mr. Wang has been advocating_ (listen to)the English news program over the radio.答案:listening to5. recycle vt. 回收利用巧記提示: re-(再)cycle(循環(huán))經(jīng)典例句:Recycling is a sign that a country has improved his science and technology.使用再循環(huán)是一個國家提高科技的標志。考點聚焦:1)recycle“使再循環(huán), 反復(fù)使用”, 常作及物動詞。如:It is really a pity that our textbooks are only used once but not recycled.太遺憾了, 我們的課本只用了一次而不能反復(fù)循環(huán)使用。2)recycle后可接具體的數(shù)字。如:Denmark recycles nearly 85% of its paper.丹麥的紙張回收率達85。3)recycling“循環(huán)”, 動名詞形式,常作定語。如:He borrowed money to set up a recycling plant.他借錢辦了個回收加工廠。4)recycled“被回收利用的”, 過去分詞形式,常作前置定語, 修飾物。如:This envelope is made from recycled paper.這信封是用再生紙制作的。活學(xué)活用:單項填空His job is to collect the sorted old paper and then have it_.A. to recycleB. recycleC. recyclingD. recycled答案:D6. threaten vt. 威脅巧記提示:threat(威脅)+-en(動詞后綴)經(jīng)典例句:The owner threatened to drive us out of the pub if we got drunk.酒店老板威脅說, 如果我們喝醉了就把我們趕出酒店去??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:threatening adj. 脅迫的, 危險的;threateningly adv. 脅迫地, 險惡地2)threaten指“揚言將以傷害或懲罰迫使某人去做(或不做)某事”。如:I was threatened by him with a beating if I didnt obey.如果我不服從, 他揚言要打我。3)常見短語:threaten sb. with death用死威脅某人threaten to do sth. 威脅要做某事活學(xué)活用:單詞拼寫His father t_ to beat the boy if he stole again.答案:threatened7. seize vt. 依法沒收, 扣押經(jīng)典例句:If you break the traffic rules, the police have rights to seize your car at once.如果你違反交通規(guī)則, 警察有權(quán)立即扣押你的車??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:seizer n. 搶奪者, 扣押者;seizable adj. 可捕捉的, 可奪取的2)同義詞:grasp vt. 抓住, 抓緊3)反義詞:loosen v. 解開, 放松4)seize 還可意為“抓住, 捉住”。如:The police seized an escaping convict.警察抓住了一個在逃犯。5)還可意為“抓住時機等, 利用”。如:He seized the chance of a trip to Singapore.他抓住了那次去新加坡旅行的機會。6)還可意為“理解”。如:I cant quite seize your meaning.我不太理解你的意思。7)常見短語:seize political power奪取政權(quán)seize the city攻占城市be seized of占有,擁有be seized with被侵擾;突然感覺到seize on/upon抓住,占有seize up失靈活學(xué)活用:單項填空All the drugs _ by the policemen, though hidden in the bottom of shoes.A. were seizedB. seizeC. to be seizedD. seized答案:A8. construct vt. 建造巧記提示:con-(-, 一起)struct(堆在一起)經(jīng)典例句:He is learning how to to construct a bridge.他正在學(xué)習(xí)怎樣建橋??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:constructive adj. 建設(shè)性的constructively adv. 建設(shè)性地, constructivenessn. 組織,構(gòu)造2)construct 可意為“創(chuàng)立學(xué)說等”。如:He constructed a theory in collaboration with his colleagues.他與同事合作創(chuàng)立了一種學(xué)說。3)construct還可意為“(人為地)制造, 編造”。如:We riddled her carefully constructed lie.我們把她精心編造的謊言問得漏洞百出。4)常見短語:construct a bridge建橋construct a sentence造句5)construct 作名詞,可意為“建設(shè), 建造, 建筑”。活學(xué)活用:用construct的派生詞填空1)Hu Jintao described his meeting with Bush as “pragmatic (注重實效的)and c_”.2)Chinese Vice Premier Wu Yi on Monday called on Japan to make c_ efforts on economics.答案:1)constructive2)constructive 9. adopt vt. 采用巧記提示: ad-(前綴, “朝向”)opt(詞根,“選擇”)經(jīng)典例句:The government adopted the idea that the household property should be protected.政府采用了家庭財產(chǎn)應(yīng)受保護的觀點??键c聚焦:1) 派生詞:adoptable adj. 可采用的, 可收養(yǎng)的, adoptability n. 采納性, adoption n. 采用, 收養(yǎng), adopter n. 養(yǎng)父母2)反義詞:reject vt. 拒絕, 抵制3)adopt后常接report, way, method, idea等作賓語。如:Thinking it over, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.總經(jīng)理再三考慮之后, 決定采納她的建議。4) adopt作動詞,可意為“收養(yǎng)”。如:The government encourages childless couples to adopt homeless children.政府鼓勵無子女夫婦領(lǐng)養(yǎng)無家可歸的孩子。5) adopted adj. 被采用的, 被收養(yǎng)的, 常作定語。如:Danny is their adopted son.丹尼是他們的養(yǎng)子。6)adopt.as.表示“過繼, 收養(yǎng), 挑選為候選人”。如:Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.克恩先生將那孤兒收養(yǎng)為自己的兒子?;顚W(xué)活用:翻譯句子They adopt new techniques in raising sheep._答案:他們采用新的養(yǎng)羊技術(shù)。10. considerate adj. 考慮周到的, 體貼的經(jīng)典例句:As classmates, we ought to be considerate to each other.作為同學(xué), 我們應(yīng)該互相為對方想一想。Mrs. Cheng is considerate of everyone of us so we all enjoy listening to her lessons.程老師對我們每一個人都很體貼, 因此我們都喜歡聽她的課??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:consideration n. 體諒, 考慮;considerately adv. 體貼地, 體諒地, considered adj. 考慮過的, 被尊重的2)同義詞:sympathetic adj. 有同情心的;thoughtful adj. 體貼的,關(guān)切的3)反義詞:inconsiderate adj. 不顧及別人的, 輕率的4)considerate常作表語, 和of/to/toward連用。如:If you learn to be considerate to others, you will gain respect.如果你學(xué)會為別人著想, 你將會贏得尊敬?;顚W(xué)活用:單項填空That young man has been criticized for not being _his old parents.A. consideringB. consideredC. considerate towardD. consider答案:C11. allocate vt. 分配, 配給巧記提示:allo-(詞綴,表示“變化的,不同的,分配)+c-ate(動詞后綴)經(jīng)典例句:The ine was allocated according to what one had done.按照一個人做的事情分配收入。One cellphone is allocated to everyone who will be sent to the area.被派往那個地區(qū)的每一個人配給一部手機。考點聚焦:1)派生詞:allocatee n. 受分配者;allocation n. 分配, 安置2)同義詞:distribute vt. 分發(fā), 分配3)allocate vt. 分配, 配給, 常與to連用。如:The manager allocated duties to the clerks.經(jīng)理為店員分配了工作?;顚W(xué)活用:單項填空Every pupil has been _a yellow cap to wear when they are crossing the street.A. allocatedB. allocatingC. in allocationD. to allocate答案:A12. fragileadj. 易損壞的經(jīng)典例句:The thin glass is fragile.薄玻璃容易碎。The fragile boxes were finally delivered to the faraway village.這些易碎的箱子最后終于運到了那個遙遠的村子??键c聚焦:1)派生詞:fragility n. 脆弱, 虛弱;fragment n. 碎片, 斷片2)反義詞:strong adj. 堅固的3)fragile還可意為“脆弱的, 虛弱的”。如:The old lady looks very fragile.那位老婦人看上去十分虛弱。活學(xué)活用:單項填空Im feeling rather_ after all that last night.A. fragilityB. fragileC. fragilelyD. of fragment答案:B 13. sharpen vt. 削尖巧記提示:sharp(鋒利的)-en(動詞后綴)經(jīng)典例句:Please sharpen this pencil and get prepared for the exam.請削尖鉛筆, 準備考試??键c聚焦:1)同根詞:sharpener n. 削刀, 磨床;sharpish adj. &adv. 相當(dāng)銳利的(地)2)sharpen vt. 削尖, 磨快He neatly sharpened pencils.他利索地將鉛筆一支支削尖。3) sharpen vt. 加重, 加劇Cold weather sharpens the pain in my knee.寒冷使我膝蓋的疼痛加劇。4)sharpen vi. 變尖, 變鋒利Her voice sharpened as she became impatient.她變得不耐煩了, 聲音也變尖了。5)常見短語:sharpen up使更敏銳, 打扮sharpen ones knife for sb. 準備懲罰攻擊某人活學(xué)活用:單項填空Dont _ your stick too much or it will hurt your fingers.A. be sharpenB. sharpenC. be sharpD. use答案:B 14. calculate vt. 計算, 算出經(jīng)典例句:Our price has already been closely calculated. There is no room for reduction.我們的價格是經(jīng)過精密計算的, 無讓步余地。Have you calculated the result?你算出結(jié)果了嗎?考點聚焦:1)派生詞:calculated adj. 計算出的, 有計劃的;calculatedly adv. 故意地;calculation n. 計算, 考慮2)同義詞:figure vt. 演算3)calculate vt. 估計;推算。如:I calculate that Aunt Lena will arrive at 8:00 p. m.我估計麗娜阿姨將于下午八點到達。4)calculate vt. 計劃, 安排, 打算。如:The room is not calculated for such use.這房間不是打算做這種用途的?;顚W(xué)活用:漢譯英請在三天之內(nèi)計算出上次旅游的費用。_答案:Please calculate the cost of the last journey in three days.