2014春外研版初中英語8年下冊(cè)導(dǎo)學(xué)案（138頁）

Module 1 Feelings and impressionsUnit 1 It smells delicious.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：一、通過學(xué)習(xí)表達(dá)對(duì)事物的感覺能夠更好地理解別人,從而更懂得關(guān)愛別人。二、能夠聽懂本單元中表示感覺和知覺的系動(dòng)詞(sound,smell,look,taste,feel)表述的內(nèi)容并能與圖片匹配。三、掌握句子的系表結(jié)構(gòu):linking verb+adj. (系動(dòng)詞+形容詞)。(重點(diǎn))自主預(yù)習(xí)：一、新詞自測(cè):讀寫單詞并熟記,看誰記得快1. 氣味 smell 2. 令人愉快的;可愛的 lovely 3. 小甜餅 cookie 4. 鹽 salt 5. 酸的 sour 6. 嘗試 try 二、英譯漢1. would like to do sth. 想要做某事 2. have a try 嘗試一下,試試看 3. make an apple pie 制作蘋果派 4. strawberry jam 草莓醬 5. my lucky day 我的幸運(yùn)日 三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(每空一詞)1. 比薩餅聞起來很美味。The pizza smells delicious .2. 她看起來很漂亮。She looks beautiful .3. 這些鞋子看起來很可愛,可是它們有點(diǎn)緊。These shoes look lovely , but they feel a bit tight.4. 她的聲音聽起來很美。Her voice sounds nice.課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)：1. What a delicious smell! 多么美的味道啊!1 smell 氣味smell 在本句中作名詞,意為“氣味”,可以用冠詞修飾;smell 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)既可作及物動(dòng)詞又可作系動(dòng)詞,意為“有的氣味;聞;聞出”,其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為smells, 過去式為smelt/smelled, 過去分詞為smelt/ smelled,現(xiàn)在分詞為smelling。What is your favorite smell? 你最喜歡哪種氣味呢? (名詞)I smelled something burning. 我聞到東西燒焦的味道。(動(dòng)詞)The milk smells sour. 牛奶有酸味了。(動(dòng)詞)1 感嘆句型:What +a / an+形容詞+名詞單數(shù)+(主語+謂語)!這一句型是對(duì)名詞單數(shù)的感嘆,本句型中的名詞必須是可數(shù)名詞。若對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)感嘆,則用句型:What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞/ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+(主語+謂語)!What a lucky guy he is! 他是一個(gè)多么幸運(yùn)的家伙呀!What beautiful flowers these are! 這些花多么漂亮呀!如果感嘆形容詞或副詞,則用句型How+形容詞/ 副詞+(主語+謂語)!How fast time flies! 時(shí)間過得飛快!一、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成單詞1. There is a terrible smell (氣味)in the room.解析:考查名詞形式。a terrible smell 意為“一股難聞的味道”。2. The fish smells (聞起來)delicious.解析:考查動(dòng)詞形式。主語the fish 是單數(shù)形式,所以動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式smells。二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. A interesting story it is!A. What an B. What a C. How an D. How解析:對(duì)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的感嘆,用句型What+a/ an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+( 主語+謂語)! 由于interesting 是元音音素開頭的單詞,所以用冠詞an,故選A。2. A clever children they are!A. What B. What a C. How a D. How解析:考查對(duì)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的感嘆,故用句型What +形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+(主語+謂語)! 由此可知選A。3. A bad the weather is!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a解析:考查對(duì)形容詞的感嘆,故用句型How+形容詞+( 主語+謂語)! 由此可知選A。4. D good news it is!A. How B. What a C. How a D. What解析:本題是對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的感嘆,用句型What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+(主語+謂語)! 故選D。2. It looks lovely, it smells delicious, and mm, it tastes good.它看上去很可愛,聞起來很美味,還有它嘗起來很棒。2 look 看起來;smell 聞起來;taste 嘗起來這三個(gè)詞在句中充當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞,本身具有一定的詞義,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語,須與其后面的形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。系動(dòng)詞有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。The soup tastes delicious. 這個(gè)湯嘗起來很美味。His face looks grey. Maybe he is ill.他的臉色看起來灰暗,或許他生病了。The hamburgers smell nice. I would like to buy one.漢堡聞起來很好。我想買一個(gè)。常見的系動(dòng)詞有:一“是”(be),一“感覺”(feel),一“保持”(keep),四個(gè)“起來”(taste, smell, look, sound),四個(gè)“變成”(become, get, turn, go)。Ice feels cold. 冰摸上去是冷的。That story sounds interesting. 那個(gè)故事聽起來很有趣。The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天樹葉變黃。單項(xiàng)選擇1. These oranges taste A .A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well解析:考查系動(dòng)詞的用法。taste 是系動(dòng)詞,其后跟形容詞作表語,所以選A。2. Do you like the material?Yes, it C very soft.A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt解析:本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問句可知本題用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以選C。3. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It B good to lie inthe sun or swim in the cool sea.A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes解析:本題考查系動(dòng)詞的含義。句意為:“ 夏天我喜歡去海邊。躺在太陽底下或者在涼爽的海里游泳感覺很好?！庇捎趇t 作形式主語,所以用feels。Unit 2 I feel nervous when I speak Chinese.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：一、熟讀并默寫本單元的單詞和短語。(重點(diǎn))二、能讀懂對(duì)人外貌和性格描述的句子,能對(duì)一個(gè)人進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的描述。(重點(diǎn))三、重點(diǎn)句型: How does Sally feel when she?自主預(yù)習(xí)：一、英譯漢1. look friendly 看起來友好 2. short black hair 黑色短發(fā) 3. wear glasses 戴眼鏡 4. speak Chinese 說漢語 二、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成句子1. I feel nervous (緊張的)when I speak Chinese in front of people.2. I would like to receive your message (電子郵件;口信).3. What are your hobbie (業(yè)余愛好)?4. I can get good marks (分?jǐn)?shù))in the exam.5. Many students like to wear jeans (牛仔褲)at school.課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)：1. It was great to hear from you,收到你的信太棒了,1 hear from sb. 收到某人的來信hear from sb. 意為“收到某人的來信”,短語中雖然沒有出現(xiàn)letter,但表示的是“收到某人的信件”,相當(dāng)于receive a letter from sb. 或get a letter from sb. 。與hear 有關(guān)的其他短語有:hear of 聽說 hear about 聽說單項(xiàng)選擇1. I never C him after he went to the USA.Maybe you should write to him first.A. hear about B. hear ofC. hear from D. hear out解析:hear about“聽說,得知”; hear of “聽說,聽說過”;hear from“收到的信”;hear out“聽完,聽某人把話說完”。句意為:“他去了美國(guó)之后,我再也沒有收到他的來信。可能你應(yīng)該先給他寫信?！苯Y(jié)合語境可知選C。2. Did you C Tom last night?A. heard from B. hear ofC. hear from D. hear a letter from解析:句意為:“ 昨天晚上你收到湯姆的來信了嗎?”hear from sb. “收到某人的來信”,hear of“ 聽說”, 題中前面有助動(dòng)詞did,其后用動(dòng)詞原形,故選C。2. , and I cant wait to meet you. ,并且我迫不及待地想見你。1 cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事cant wait to do sth. 意為“等不及去做某事;迫不及待地想要做某事”,與之類似的短語cant help doing sth. 意為“情不自禁地做某事”。(有時(shí)同學(xué)們可能會(huì)想成了cant wait doing sth. ,實(shí)際上沒有cant wait doing sth. 這一結(jié)構(gòu))He cant wait to go back home. 他迫不及待地想回家。I cant help laughing when I hear the funny story.當(dāng)我聽到這個(gè)有趣的故事,我禁不住笑起來。wait 的其他用法:wait for sb. 意為“等待某人”,wait for sth. 意為“等待某物”。wait 的過去式和過去分詞都是waited,現(xiàn)在分詞是waiting,注意不能雙寫末尾的字母t。Our teacher is waiting for the bus. 我們的老師正在等公交車。根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1. 孩子們迫不及待地打開了禮物。The children cant wait to open the gifts.2. 這位老人每天都在這兒等他的兒子。The old man waits for his son here every day.3. I hope you will know me from my photo when I arrive at the airport. 我希望當(dāng)我到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí),你能通過照片認(rèn)識(shí)我。2 arrive at 到達(dá)句中arrive 是不及物動(dòng)詞,若跟賓語要加介詞at/ in。在小地點(diǎn)前加介詞at,在大地點(diǎn)前加介詞in。We have to arrive at the small village before it gets dark.我們?cè)谔旌谝郧氨仨毜竭_(dá)那個(gè)小村子。My father will arrive in Beijing in two days.我父親兩天后到達(dá)北京。英語中可以用來表示“到達(dá)”之意的還有g(shù)et to 和reach。get to 后接名詞或代詞作賓語,若跟副詞here,there 或home 時(shí),省略介詞to;reach 是及物動(dòng)詞,其后可直接跟賓語。When did you get to school yesterday?昨天你是什么時(shí)候到校的?Tom often gets home late.湯姆經(jīng)常到家很晚。He had left when I reached the station.當(dāng)我到達(dá)車站時(shí),他已經(jīng)離開了。一、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I dont know how to reach the mountain.I dont know how to get / arrive to / at the mountain.二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子他兩小時(shí)前到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。He reached the airport two hours ago.4. I spend a lot of time playing classical music with my friends at school, 在學(xué)校,我花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間和朋友們一起彈奏古典音樂,3 spend time doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事spend 的主語必須是人,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):spend time/ money onsth. / (in)doing sth. “在(做)上花時(shí)間或金錢”。My son spent an hour finishing homework yesterday.我兒子昨天花了一個(gè)小時(shí)完成作業(yè)。(1)cost 的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),還可以表示“值”,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):sth. costs (sb. ) +money“某物花了某人多少錢/某物值多少錢”。To buy a new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2)take 前通常是形式主語it, 常見用法有: It takes/ took+sb. +time+to do sth. 。It took them three years to build this road.他們用了三年的時(shí)間修完了這條路。(3)pay 的主語是人,常見結(jié)構(gòu)有:主語(人) +pay+money+for sth.I paid 20 dollars for the coat.我花了20 美元買這件外套。一、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1. Tom spends much time playing computer games.It takes Tom much time to play computer games.2. The book cost me ten yuan.I spent / paid ten yuan on / for the book.二、單項(xiàng)選擇(2013四川雅安中考)I spent 5 C this book.A. in B. to buy C. buying D. buy解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞spend 的用法。spend 后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,所以選C。5. Im very proud of him! 我為他感到非常自豪!4 be proud of 因而感到自豪be proud of 意為“因而感到自豪”,相當(dāng)于take pride in。短語中proud 是形容詞,pride 是名詞。We should be proud of our Nobel Prize winners. 我們應(yīng)該為我們的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者感到自豪。Take pride in what you do. 為你所做的事感到自豪。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is proud of his son.He takes pride in his son.6. Hes good at everything,他擅長(zhǎng)一切,5 be good at擅長(zhǎng)be good at意為“擅長(zhǎng)”,at 之后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞,相當(dāng)于短語do well in。He was good at playing the piano when he was young.當(dāng)他很小的時(shí)候,他就擅長(zhǎng)彈鋼琴。Tina does well in English, but (does) better in math.蒂娜英語學(xué)得不錯(cuò),但是她更擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)。與be good at結(jié)構(gòu)類似的短語:be good for對(duì)有好處be good with與相處得好從be good at, be good for 和be good with 中選擇合適的短語并用其適當(dāng)形式完成句子1. Drinking milk is good for your health.2. He will help me with math. Because he is good at it.3. I am good with the old people in the old peoples home.Unit 3 Language in use學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：一、復(fù)習(xí)鞏固本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯和句型。(重點(diǎn))二、重點(diǎn)掌握系動(dòng)詞的用法。(重點(diǎn))三、掌握句型What does he look like? 與What is he like? 的區(qū)別。(重點(diǎn))自主預(yù)習(xí)：一、英漢互譯1. 感到緊張 feel nervous 2. speak Chinese 說漢語 3. 看起來像 look like 4. someone else 別的某個(gè)人 二、用be,taste,look,feel,sound 的適當(dāng)形式填空1. The pie tastes delicious. I want to eat another one.2. The Christmas tree with lights looks beautiful.3. The story sounds interesting.4. The paper feels soft.5. What are you going to be when you grow up?課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)：1. What does he / she look like? 他/ 她長(zhǎng)什么樣?What is he / she like? 他/ 她的性格什么樣?1 What do / does + 主語+ look like? 與What + be + 主語+like? 的區(qū)別。What do/ does+主語+look like? 問外貌, 如高矮,胖瘦,穿著打扮,頭發(fā),眼睛,鼻子等。What +be +主語+like? 問性格,主要指人的內(nèi)在品質(zhì), 比如內(nèi)向,開朗,聰明,友好等。Whats your sister like? 你姐姐是怎樣一個(gè)人?She is kind. 她很善良。What does your sister look like? 你姐姐長(zhǎng)什么樣子?She is tall. She has long black hair. She is very beautiful.她個(gè)子很高。她有一頭黑黑的長(zhǎng)發(fā)。她很漂亮。一、按要求完成句子His brother is tall and heavy. (對(duì)畫線部分提問) What does his brother look like ?解析:考查對(duì)人的外貌的提問。對(duì)人的外貌進(jìn)行提問用句型“What do/ does+sb. +look like?”。二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. What do you look like?Im B .A. tired B. tall C. kind D. happy解析:考查對(duì)外貌的描述。選項(xiàng)中只有B 項(xiàng)的tall 是描述外貌的,所以選B。2. What B Amy and her brother like?A. does; look B. do; lookC. is; look D. do; looks解析:本題考查主謂一致。句子的主語是Amy and herbrother,是復(fù)數(shù),可以排除A 和C 兩項(xiàng);而D 項(xiàng)本身有錯(cuò)誤,所以選B。2. It is polite for people to say “thank you”very often,對(duì)人們來說,經(jīng)常說“謝謝”是很有禮貌的,2 Its +形容詞+(for sb. ) +to do sth.“Its +形容詞+(for sb. )+to do sth. “意為“(對(duì)某人來說),做某事是的?！痹诖私Y(jié)構(gòu)中it 是形式主語,放在句首,其真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。不定式?jīng)]有自己的主語,但可以有自己的邏輯主語,當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定式時(shí),介詞用for。It is important for me to learn English well.對(duì)我來說,學(xué)好英語很重要。Its dangerous for you to climb the tall tree.對(duì)你來說,爬上那棵高高的樹很危險(xiǎn)。Its +形容詞+of sb. +to do sth. 意為“某人做某事是的?！本渲械男稳菰~是修飾邏輯主語的,介詞用of。Its nice of you to say so.你這樣說太好了。Its kind of you to help me.你來幫助我,你真善良。一、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1. Its clever of you to give it up.解析:本句中的形容詞clever 是修飾邏輯主語you 的,所以用介詞of。2. Its normal for students to do homework on Sundays.解析:本句中的形容詞normal 是修飾動(dòng)詞不定式to do homework on Sundays 的,所以用介詞for。二、單項(xiàng)選擇(2013黑龍江綏化中考) Its so brave B the soldier to save the boys life.A. to B. of C. for解析:考查固定句型中的介詞搭配。固定句型It is +形容詞+of sb. to do sth. 意為“某人做某事,真是太”;It is+形容詞+ for sb. to do sth. 意為“做某事對(duì)某人來說”。Its so brave of the soldier to save the boys life. = He is so brave to save the boys life. 句意:這位士兵拯救那位男孩的生命,真勇敢。所以選擇答案B。感官系動(dòng)詞的用法感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste 等,作為系動(dòng)詞,它本身有詞義,但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語,后邊必須跟表語(亦稱補(bǔ)語),構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等。充當(dāng)表語的成分有:名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、從句等。This kind of cloth feels very soft.這種布手感很軟。Her voice sounds sweet.她的聲音很甜美。The cookies that my mother made in the kitchen smell delicious.我母親在廚房做的小甜餅聞起來很美味。The soup looks good but tastes terrible.這個(gè)湯看上去不錯(cuò),但嘗起來很糟糕。Twins usually look the same.雙胞胎通?？雌饋硪粯?。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. (2013四川宜賓中考)What do you think of the zongzi?They B delicious. Are they made by your mother?A. sound B. taste C. feel D. look解析:本題考查系動(dòng)詞。句意為:“你認(rèn)為粽子怎么樣?”“嘗起來很美味。是你的母親包的嗎?”故選taste。2. (2013四川內(nèi)江中考)I like to read English in the gardenbecause the flowers in it smell A .A. good B. well C. bad D. badly解析:本題考查系動(dòng)詞smell 的用法。系動(dòng)詞之后跟形容詞作表語,所以可排除D 項(xiàng);根據(jù)句意“ 我喜歡在花園里讀英語,因?yàn)榛▓@里的花聞起來很好?！笨芍xA。3. (2013浙江臺(tái)州中考)How do you like Li Yundi?A cool guy! His music B really beautiful.A. tastes B. soundsC. smells D. looks解析:由句意“他的音樂聽起來確實(shí)很美妙?！笨芍xB。4. (2012 山東日照中考) Rock music may B nice to young people, but most old people cant stand it.A. hear B. soundC. look D. listen解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法辨析。hear“聽見”;listen“聽”;sound 作系動(dòng)詞“聽起來”;look 作系動(dòng)詞“看起來”。這里根據(jù)空后的形容詞nice 可知要用系動(dòng)詞,又由句意“ 滾樂對(duì)于年輕人來說可能會(huì)聽起來很好”可知選擇答案B。5. (2012湖南郴州中考)It is said that this kind of tofusmells terrible.Thats true. But it C delicious.A. feels B. soundsC. tastes解析:考查系動(dòng)詞。tofu“豆腐”是食物,上文說聞起來不好,由But 可知下文應(yīng)該是說“嘗起來”好吃。6. (2012 浙江溫州中考) I like soft and gentle music. It C nice.A. tastes B. looksC. sounds D. feels解析:考查連系動(dòng)詞的辨析。由music 可知答案選C 項(xiàng),意為“聽起來”;而tastes“ 嘗起來”;looks“ 看起來”;feels“摸起來”均不合語境,故排除。二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1. 他的歌聽起來很美妙。His songs sound beautiful / nice .2. 這個(gè)穿著紅色裙子的女孩看上去很漂亮。The girl in a red skirt looks pretty / beautiful .Module 2 ExperiencesUnit 1 Ive also entered lots of speaking competitions.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：一、能夠正確使用ever, dream, afford, invite 等單詞。二、了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法。三、能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來詢問和表達(dá)經(jīng)歷。自主預(yù)習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞1. think thought thought 2. travel traveled / travelled traveled / travelled 3. win won won 4. enter entered entered 5. watch watched watched 6. want wanted wanted 二、詞組連線,重點(diǎn)詞匯輕松掌握1. enter a competition A. 看日出2. your dream B. 考慮;思考3. watch the sun rise C. 參加比賽4. the price for the ticket D. 你的夢(mèng)想5. the first prize E. 票的價(jià)格6. think about F. 一等獎(jiǎng)答案:1. C 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. F 6. B課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)：1. Have you ever won any prizes before? 你以前曾經(jīng)贏得過獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)嗎?1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中謂語的構(gòu)成本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。have won 是本句的謂語?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)謂語部分的構(gòu)成是:助動(dòng)詞have/ has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。助動(dòng)詞說明該謂語屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)的范圍,它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致;過去分詞是主要的謂語動(dòng)詞,說明句子的意義。We have arrived at the airport. 我們已經(jīng)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)了。Nancy has travelled to many places of interest. 南希已經(jīng)到許多名勝旅游過了。1 ever 曾經(jīng);從來ever 用作副詞,意為“曾經(jīng);從來;在任何時(shí)候”,在句中用以加強(qiáng)語氣。Does she ever go out at night?她什么時(shí)候晚上外出嗎?Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎?ever 用于疑問句中時(shí),其答語不用ever,若否定則用never。Have you ever heard the song? 你曾經(jīng)聽過這首歌嗎?Yes, I have. / No, never. 是的,我聽過。/ 不,我從未聽過。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. Jane C . Im waiting for her.A. came back B. has come back C. hasnt come back解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法。句意為“簡(jiǎn)還沒有回來,我還在等她?！盇 項(xiàng)和B 項(xiàng)是肯定含義,與句意不符。所以選C。2. Have you A visited the Great Wall?A. ever B. before C. did D. done解析:本題考查用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的副詞。選項(xiàng)中C、D 兩項(xiàng)是助動(dòng)詞而句中已有助動(dòng)詞have,可排除;B 項(xiàng)用在句末;所以選A。3. Have you ever seen the film before?No, A .A. never B. havent C. ever D. once解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的答語。由答語中的No 可知是否定回答,排除C、D 項(xiàng);B 項(xiàng)的前面必須有主語,可排除;所以選A。二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1. 我已經(jīng)把那些照片寄給他了。I have posted those photos to him.解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“ 已經(jīng)寄給”可譯為“ have posted”。2. 玲玲曾經(jīng)參加過很多比賽。Lingling has ever entered lots of competitions.解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和副詞ever 的用法。由于ever 是副詞,要放在助動(dòng)詞has 之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞entered 之前,所以答案是ever entered。2. Ive always wanted to go on a dream holiday. 我總是想度過一個(gè)夢(mèng)寐以求的假期。2 dream 夢(mèng);夢(mèng)寐以求的此處的dream 是形容詞,意為“夢(mèng)寐以求的”,用來修飾名詞。dream 也可作名詞,意為“夢(mèng);夢(mèng)想”。This is my dream job.這是我夢(mèng)寐以求的工作。He had a dream about Claire.他夢(mèng)見了克萊爾。My dream is to have a house in the country.我夢(mèng)想在鄉(xiāng)間擁有一棟房子。dream 也可作動(dòng)詞,意為“做夢(mèng);夢(mèng)到;夢(mèng)想”。常與介詞about 或of 連用。其過去式和過去分詞分別是:dreamed/dreamt; dreamed/ dreamt。She dreamed about her baby. 她夢(mèng)見了她的寶寶。根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1. 那就是他夢(mèng)寐以求的車。That is his dream car.解析:本題考查dream 作形容詞的用法。當(dāng)dream 是形容詞作定語時(shí),可意為“夢(mèng)寐以求的”。2. 我兒子夢(mèng)想著長(zhǎng)大后成為一名宇航員。My son dreams about / of becoming a pilot whenhe grows up.解析:本題考查dream 短語的用法。dream about/ of doingsth. “夢(mèng)想著做某事”。3. But I cant afford it. 但是我負(fù)擔(dān)不起它。3 afford(有財(cái)力)買得起;付得起afford 是動(dòng)詞,意為“(有財(cái)力)買得起;付得起”,其后可直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。The car is very beautiful. But its too expensive. I cant afford it.這輛車很漂亮。但是它太貴了。我買不起。afford 也可跟動(dòng)詞不定式,即:afford to do sth. “負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”。afford 常常和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞cant 和couldnt 連用,用在否定句中。His mother is out of work. She cant afford to pay for hiseducation. 他的母親失業(yè)了。她負(fù)擔(dān)不起他受教育的費(fèi)用。一、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞He is very poor. He cant afford to buy the beautiful pencil box.解析:句意為:“他很窮。他買不起這個(gè)漂亮的鉛筆盒。”二、單項(xiàng)選擇The boy wants to buy these books. But he has no money. Hecant C them.A. provide B. supply C. afford D. come解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為:“這個(gè)男孩想買這些書。但是他沒錢。他買不起它們?！眕rovide “ 提供”;supply“提供”;afford“負(fù)擔(dān)得起;買得起”;come“ 來”。由此可知選C。4. Ive stopped trying now. 我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再嘗試了。1 stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop doing sth. 意為“停止做某事”,doing 是stop 的賓語,是要停止的動(dòng)作。The two girls stopped talking when they saw me.那兩個(gè)女孩一見到我就停止了講話。stop to do sth. 是“停下來開始做某事”,to do 是stop 的狀語,表示目的,是要開始做的事情。The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.這兩個(gè)女孩一看到我就停下來和我講話。單項(xiàng)選擇1. All the students stopped C when the teacher came in.A. talk B. to talkC. talking D. talks解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞stop 的用法。句意為:“當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來的時(shí)候,所有的學(xué)生都不說話了?！眘top doing sth. 意為“停止做某事”,由此可知選C。2. All the students stopped B to her when the teacherbegan to have class.A. listen B. to listenC. listening D. listens解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞stop 的用法。句意為:“ 當(dāng)老師開始上課的時(shí)候,所有的學(xué)生都停下來聽她講課?！眘top to do sth. “停下來去做某事”。5. , then I will invite you to come with me. ,那么我就會(huì)邀請(qǐng)你和我一起去。4 invite 邀請(qǐng)invite 是動(dòng)詞,其后可直接跟賓語。invite sb. to do sth. 表示“邀請(qǐng)某人去做某事”。They invited me to join their club. 他們邀請(qǐng)我加入他們的俱樂部。invite 的其他結(jié)構(gòu)有:invite sb. to sth. 或invite sb. for sth. “邀請(qǐng)某人去參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)”。另外,invite 的名詞形式是invitation。He invites us for the concert. 他邀請(qǐng)我們?nèi)ヂ犚魳窌?huì)。I want to invite my friends to a party. 我想邀請(qǐng)我的朋友去參加一個(gè)聚會(huì)。用invite 的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1. I have received his invitation . I will go to his party thisafternoon.解析:句意為“我已經(jīng)收到了他的邀請(qǐng)。今天下午我會(huì)去參加聚會(huì)。”invitation 是名詞,意為“邀請(qǐng)函;邀請(qǐng)書”。2. For the welcome meeting, we have invited many important people in the city.解析:句意為“為了這次的歡迎會(huì),我們已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)了市里的許多重要人物”。invited 是動(dòng)詞invite 的過去分詞,與have 構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Unit 2 They have seen the Pyramids.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：一、學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用Germany, France, Arabic, mix, count 等詞。二、學(xué)會(huì)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來描述自己的一次經(jīng)歷。自主預(yù)習(xí)：一、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成下列句子1. Mike Robinson is a fifteen-year-old American boy.2. Cairo is one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa.3. Mikes father works for a very big company which has offices in many countries.4. In Egypt, the Robinsons have traveled many interesting places such as the Pyramids and the palaces and towers of ancient kings and queens.5. So far, Mike and Clare have learnt to speak German , French, Chinese and Arabic .6. The company has asked Peter to work back in the US and they are counting down the days.二、英譯漢1. the Great Wall 長(zhǎng)城 2. at the moment 在此時(shí) 3. be different from 與不同 4. count down 倒數(shù) 課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)：1. ,one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa. ,非洲最大、最忙的城市之一。1 one of the +形容詞的最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)“one of the +形容詞的最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“(中)最之一”,短語中需要特別注意兩點(diǎn):淤形容詞的最高級(jí)之前必須有定冠詞the。于名詞必須是復(fù)數(shù)。在短語之后常常會(huì)跟一個(gè)表示比較范圍的短語。The hens are one of the most useful animals in the world. 母雞是世界上最有用的動(dòng)物之一。當(dāng)“one of the+形容詞的最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。One of the cleverest students in our class is from our village.我們班最聰明的學(xué)生之一來自我們村子。一、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成句子1. This is one of the most beautiful music (最美妙的音樂之一)I have ever heard.解析:本題考查短語。“one of the +形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“(中) 最之一”,本題中的music是不可數(shù)名詞,不用加復(fù)數(shù)。2. One of the biggest problems (最大的問題之一)is that I am too busy.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. It is one of C companies in America.A. biggest B. bigger C. the biggest D. the bigger解析:本題考查短語?！皁ne of the +形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“ ( 中) 最之一”,其中形容詞的最高級(jí)之前要用定冠詞the。所以本題選C。2. I am very interested in the storybook. It is one of the most interesting C I have ever read.A. book B. one C. ones解析: 本題考查代詞。由于前一句中已經(jīng)提到了storybook 這一名詞,再次在后一句中出現(xiàn)時(shí),我們會(huì)用代詞one 代替,此處要用復(fù)數(shù),所以用ones。2. They have been to many interesting places. 他們已經(jīng)去過許多有趣的地方。1 have been to去過“have/ has been to+地點(diǎn)名詞”意為“去過某地”,表示“某人曾經(jīng)去過某地,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那個(gè)地方了”,時(shí)間狀語常用ever,never(否定句)等。I have ever been to America. 我曾經(jīng)去過美國(guó)。(現(xiàn)在“我”在說話地點(diǎn),而不在美國(guó),去美國(guó)是過去的事。)“have/ has gone to+地點(diǎn)”意為“去了”,強(qiáng)凋“去了某地還未回來”。Where is your father? 你父親在哪里?He has gone to the library. 他去圖書館了。(“他”沒在說話地點(diǎn),要么在圖書館,要么在去圖書館的路上。)單項(xiàng)選擇1. Miss Smith with her parents A China twice.A. has been to B. has goneC. have been to D. have gone to解析:本題考查have been to 和have gone to 的區(qū)別。Have been to曾經(jīng)“ 去過某地”,指去了又回來了;have gone to“去了某地”,指去了還沒回到說話的地方來。句意為:“史密斯小姐和她的父母已經(jīng)去過中國(guó)兩次了。”由此可知本題用have been to;而本題的主語是Miss Smith,所以助動(dòng)詞用has,故選A。2. Mr. Green, C you Three Lanes and SevenAlleys(三坊七巷)last Sunday?No, but Ill visit them next week.A. will; go to B. have; been toC. did; go to D. have; gone to解析:本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語last Sunday可知,本題用一般過去時(shí)。一般過去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞是did,由此可知選C。3. ,and they find it hard to spell and pronounce the words.,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)拼寫單詞和發(fā)單詞的音很難。1 find it +形容詞+ to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是“find it +形容詞+ to do sth. “意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是”,it 是形式主語,真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式to do sth. 。本結(jié)構(gòu)中形容詞是用來修飾動(dòng)詞不定式的。Many s