2021年河南中考真題

2021年河南中考真題篇一：2021年河南省中招數(shù)學(xué)試題答案及解析 2021年河南省中招數(shù)學(xué)試題及解析谷瑞林 2021年河南省普通高中招生數(shù)學(xué)試題及答案解析 一、選擇題（每小題3分，共24分） 1 1.-的相反數(shù)是（） 311 A. -B. C.-3 D.3 33 B 根據(jù)相反數(shù)的定義，很容易得到- 11 的相反數(shù)是，選B。 33 2.某種細(xì)胞的直徑是0.00000095米，將0.00000095用科學(xué)計(jì)數(shù)法表示為（ ） A.9.5107 B. 9.5108 C.0.95107D. 95108 A 科學(xué)記數(shù)法的表示形式為a?10的形式，其中1?a10，n為整數(shù)。確定n的值時(shí)，要看把原數(shù)變成a時(shí)，小數(shù)點(diǎn)移動(dòng)了多少位，n的絕對值與小數(shù)點(diǎn)移動(dòng)的位數(shù)相同。當(dāng)原數(shù)絕對值1時(shí)，n是正數(shù)； 當(dāng)原數(shù)的絕對值1時(shí)，n是負(fù)數(shù)。 將0.00000095用 7 科學(xué)記數(shù)法表示9.510，選A。 n 3.下面幾何圖形是由四個(gè)相同的小正方體搭成的，其中主視圖和左視圖相同的是（） A C B C D 本題考查了三視圖的知識，主視圖是從物體的前面看得到的視圖，左視圖是從物C。 4.下列計(jì)算正確的是（） （-3）2=6 C.3a4-2a2=a2D.（-a3）2=a5 A 根據(jù)有理數(shù)的定義冪的運(yùn)算性質(zhì)，運(yùn)算正確的是A，選A。 k 5.如圖，過反比例函數(shù)y=（x0）的圖像上一點(diǎn)A作ABx軸于點(diǎn)B，連 x 接AO，若SAOB=2，則k的值為（） 根據(jù)表中數(shù)據(jù)，要從中選擇一名成績好且發(fā)揮穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加比賽，應(yīng)該選擇（ ） A.甲B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 A 本題考查了平均數(shù)與方差對運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)揮穩(wěn)定性的因素，方差越小越穩(wěn)定，故選A。 8.如圖，已知菱形OABC的頂點(diǎn)是O（0，0），B（2，2），若菱形繞點(diǎn)O逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)，每秒旋轉(zhuǎn)45，則第60秒時(shí)，菱形的對角線交點(diǎn)D的坐標(biāo)為（） A.（1，-1） B.（-1，-1）C.0） D.（0， B 本題考查了中點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)的求法及旋轉(zhuǎn)的知識，每秒旋 轉(zhuǎn)45，8秒旋轉(zhuǎn)一周，60秒8=7周余4秒，正好又轉(zhuǎn)180，由第一象限轉(zhuǎn)到第三象限，前后是中心對稱，點(diǎn)D坐標(biāo)是（1，1），所求坐標(biāo)是（-1，-1），故選B。 二、填空題（每小題3分，共21分） 9.計(jì)算：（-2）0 1 本題考查了零次冪和立方根，（-3）=1，因此原式=12=1， 填1。 10.如圖，在 ? ABCD中，BEAB交對角線AC于點(diǎn) A C E,若1=200，則2的度數(shù)為 。 110。 本題考查了平行四邊形的性質(zhì)、垂直的性質(zhì)及三角形外角定理，由平行四邊形得CAB=1=20，由BEAB， 第10題0 得AEB=90,根據(jù)三角形外角等于不相鄰的兩個(gè)內(nèi)角和得2=CAB+AEB=200+90=110，填110。 11.若關(guān)于x的一元二次方程x2+3x-k=0有兩個(gè)不相等的實(shí)數(shù)根，則k的取值范圍是 。 110。 本題考查了一元二次方程根的判別式，=b2-4ac=9+4k，因?yàn)榉匠逃袃蓚€(gè)不相等的實(shí)數(shù)根，所以0，即9+4k0，解得k-0 99 ，填：k-。 44 12.在“陽光體育”活動(dòng)時(shí)間，班主任將全班同學(xué)隨機(jī)分成了四組進(jìn)行活動(dòng)，該班小明和小亮同學(xué)被分在同一組的概率是。 1 。 4 1 4 本題考查了概率問題，P（相同）= 13.已知A（0，3），B（2，3）是拋物線y=-x2+bx+c上兩點(diǎn)，該拋物線的頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是 。 （1，4）。 本題考查了用待定系數(shù)法求二次函數(shù)解析式的方法及已知二次函數(shù)解析式求頂點(diǎn)的方法，所求y=-x+2x+3，頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是（1，4），填（1，4） 2 ?14.如圖，在扇形AOB中，AOB=900，以點(diǎn)A為圓心， OA的長為半徑作OC交?AB于點(diǎn)C，若OA=2，則陰影部分的面積是 。 本題考查了扇形的面積、圓的有關(guān)知識及等邊三角形的面積的計(jì)算方法，連接OC,AC,OAC是等邊三角形，扇形OBC的圓心角是30，陰影部分的面積等于扇形OBC的面積減去弓形OC 1 3 30?221 的面積；扇形OBC的面積是=，弓形OC的面積是 3360 O 第14題 12160?22222=?=-（?，33333601 3 15.如圖，已知ADBC，ABBC,AB=3,點(diǎn)E為射線BC上的一個(gè)動(dòng)點(diǎn)，連接AE，將ABE沿AE折疊，點(diǎn)B落在點(diǎn)B/處，過點(diǎn)B/作AD的垂線，分別交AD、BC于點(diǎn)M、N,當(dāng)點(diǎn)B/為線段MN的三等份點(diǎn)時(shí)，BE的長為 .AMAMB EN 或 25 C BEN C 本題分兩種情況：（1）若B/N=2MB/,因?yàn)锳B=3，B為線段MN的三等份點(diǎn)，則MB/=1, / AMAB/ RtAMBN=2,可證AMBBNE,/?/,設(shè)BE=EB=x， BNBE / / AB/3/?，解得（2）若MB/= 2B/N，因?yàn)锳B=3，B為線段MN的三等份x/ /AMAB/ 點(diǎn)，則MB=2, RtAMBN=1,可證AMBBNE,/?/,設(shè) BNBE / / / BE=EB=x， AB=3, /3?，解得x=；填或。1x525三、解答題（本大題共8個(gè)小題，滿分75分） 16.（8分）先化簡，再求值 ?x?1x2?1?x? ，其中x的值從不等式組的整數(shù)解中選取。 ?1?2?2 ?x?x?x?2x?1?2x?14 ?x+1?x-1?x2 ?解：原式=?3分 2 xx+1?x+1? = ?xx+1x ?=?5分 x+1x-1x-1 ?x?15 解?得-1x， 2?2x?14 不等式組的整數(shù)解為-1，0，1，2. ?7分 若分式有意義，只能取x=2，原式=-2 =2 ?8分 2?1 17.（9分）在一次.調(diào)查活動(dòng)中，小華收集到某“健步走運(yùn)動(dòng)”團(tuán)隊(duì)中20名成員一天行走的步數(shù)，記錄如下：對這20名數(shù)據(jù)按組距1000進(jìn)行分組，并統(tǒng)計(jì)整理，繪制了如下尚不完整的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表： 步數(shù)分布統(tǒng)計(jì)圖頻數(shù) 組別 根據(jù)以上信息解答下列問題 （1）填空：m= ，n= ； 篇二：2021年河南中考英語試題及解析 2021河南中考英語試題及答案解析 一，聽力（略） 二、單項(xiàng)選擇 21.-Kate,are you _ only child in your family? - Yes,but _new baby is on the way. A a;theB an;the C the,a D the;the 22.-Are you going out with Jade tonight? -Thats my _.Mind your own. A offer B business C question D chance 23.-What a bad day! -Everyone has one of those days when _ goes right. A nothing B anything C everything D something 24.My parents said they would come to visit me.I couldnt _ to see them after several months away from home. A wait B help C expect D afford 25.I have been to quite a few restaurants,but I can say this one is _. A good B better C the better D the best 26.Its so cold outside.Remember to close the door_ you when you leave. A beside B before C with D behind 27.- You look very pretty.If I _say so. -Thanks a lot for saying that.A must B may C will D have to 28.-There is some knocking at the door. -It must be the computer repairman.I _ him to fix my computer. A call B have called C called D will call 29.The boss asked Tim to go and _ out if there was anyone else absent. A find B finding C to find D found 30.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful _ it is closed. A unless B since C when D though 31.We are going to take the high speed train to Xian tomorrow,so an early arrival at the station _. A advises B is advised C is advising D was advised 32.Theaters may have a bright future if they can provide a movie experience _ people can not get at home. A that B who C whom D what 33.Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain,but all the happiness happens while you _ it. A climb B climbed C are climbing D have climbed 34.Almost every university now has a website which allows us to _ the information about it. A look at B look after C look around D look through35.-What did Tom say to you just now? -He asked _. A why I am so happy today B what will I do for the weekend C who did I play football with D if I could go to the movie with him tonight. 三、完形填空 A man feared his wife wasnt hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid(助聽). Not quite sure how to 36 her, he called the family doctor to discuss the problem. The doctor told him there was a simple test the husband could do to give the doctor a better 37 of her hearing loss. “Heres what you do，” said the doctor. “Stand about 40 feet away from her, and in a 38 conversational speaking tone(語調(diào)) see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 feet, then 20feet, and so on 39 you get a reply.” That evening, the wife was in the 40, and he was in the yard. He said to himself, “I am about 40feet away, and let me see what will happen.” Then in a usual tone he asked, “Honey, whats for dinner?” No 41. So the husband moved closed to the kitchen, about 30feet from his wife and asked, “ Honey, whats for dinner?” 42 no reply.Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and 43, “Honey, whats for dinner?” Again he got no reply. He walked up to the kitchen door, about 10 feet away. “Honey, whats for dinner?” Again there was no reply. So he 44right up behind her. “Honey, whats for dinner?” “Chicken! James, for 45time Ive said that.” 36. A. save B. helpC. face D. guide 37. A. choiceB. excuseC. idea D. suggestion 38.A. loud B. strangeC. specialD. usual 39.A. until B. before C. whenD. as 40.A. toilet B. gardenC. kitchenD. dining room 41.A. dinnerB. wayC. move D. reply 42.A. StillB. Even C. Just D. Almost 43.A. laughedB. repeated C. thoughtD. added 44.A. ranB. stood C. walkedD. jumped 45.A. secondB. third C. fourth D. fifth 四、閱讀理解 A A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery (外科手術(shù)). He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly.On seeing him, the father cried out, “Why did you take all this time to come? Dont you know that my son is in danger? Dont you have any sense of duty?” The doctor smiled and said, “Im sorry. I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work.” “Calm down?! What if your son was in this room right now? Would you calm down? If you own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do?” said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied,“We will do our best and you should also pray（祈禱）for your sons healthy life.” The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happy,“Thank goodness! You son is saved！” And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying,“If you have any questions, ask the nurse.” “Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask my sons state?” shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, tears coming down her face.“His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial(葬禮) when we call him for your sons surgery. And now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his sons burial.” 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。篇三：河南省2021年中考英語試題含答案(word版) 2021年河南省普通高中招生考試試卷 英語 注意事項(xiàng)： 1本試卷共10頁，七個(gè)大題，滿分120分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。請用藍(lán)、黑色水筆或圓珠筆直接答在試卷上。 2答卷前請將密封線內(nèi)的項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。 一、聽力理解(20小題，每小題1分，共20分) 第一節(jié) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。每段對話讀兩遍。 ( ) 1. Who is going to Canada? A. Jack.B. Chris. C. Julie. ( ) 2. When can Linda probably come to the party? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. ( ) 3. What did Eric do last weekend? A. He read a book. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming. ( ) 4. Why does Peter look unhappy? A. Because he has a math problem. B. Because he failed in the math test. C. Because hes lost his math textbook. ( ) 5. How many people are there inthe boys family? A. Two.B. Three. C. Four. 第二節(jié) 聽下面幾段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。每段對話或獨(dú)自讀兩遍。 聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第7兩個(gè)小題。 ( ) 6. How doesthe womanlike dogs? A. They are noisy. B. They are peaceful.C. They are easy to train. ( ) 7. What will the woman have as a pet? A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird. 聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第9兩個(gè)小題。 ( ) 8. Where is the woman going? A. To the bus station. B. To the train station. C. To the airport. ( ) 9. How much does the woman pay? A. $40. B. $45.C. $50. 聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第10至第2三個(gè)小題。 ( ) 10. How oRen does Dennis buy a new story book?A. Every day.B. Every week. C. Every month. ( ) 11. What does Dennis think of reading? A. Fantastic. B. Boring.C. Relaxing. ( ) 12. What does Dennis want to be when he grows up? A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. A reporter. 聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第15三個(gè)小題。 ( ) 13. Who does the woman buy a birthday present for? A. Her sister. B. Her mother. C. Her daughter. ( ) 14. What size swimming suit does the woman want? A. Small. B. Large. C. Medium. ( ) 15. Where can the woman buy a cheaper swimming suit? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor. 第三節(jié) 聽下面一篇短文。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，按照所聽內(nèi)容的先后順序?qū)⑾铝袌D片 排序，并將其標(biāo)號填寫在題號后的橫線上。短文讀兩遍o 16_ 17_ 18_ 19_ 20_ 二、選擇填空。（15小題，每小題1分，共15分） 從ABCD 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并將序號填在題前的括號內(nèi)。 ( ) 21.-Kate, are you only child in your family? -Yes, but new baby is on the way. A. a; theB. an; theC. the; a D. the; the ( ) 22.-Are you going out with Jade tonight? -Thats my . Mind your own! A. offer B. business C. questionD. chance ( ) 23.- What a bad day! - Everyone has one of those days When goes right. A. nothing B. anything C. everythingD. something ( ) 24. My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt to see them after several months away from home. A. waitB. help C. expectD. afford( ) 25. I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can. say this one is . A. goodB. better C. the better D. the best (A. beside B. beforeC. with D. behind ( ) 27. -You look very pretty, if I-Thanks a lot for saying that. A. mustB. may C. will D. have to ( ) 28. -There is someone knocking at the door. -It must be the computer repairman. I him to come to fix my computer. A. call B. have calledC. called D. will call ( out if there was anyoneelse absent. A. find B. finding C. to findD. found ( ) 30. A stupid man tells a woman to shut up, while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful it is closed. A. unlessB. since C. when D. though ( ) 31. We are going to take the high-speed train to Xian tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station_ . A. advises B. is advisedC. is advising D. was advised ( ) 32. Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience people cannot get at home. A. that B. who C. whom D. what ( ) 33. Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you it. A. climbB. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed () 34. Almost every university now has a website which allows us to _ the information about it. A. look at B. look after C. look around D. look through () 35.-What did Tom say to you just now, John? -He asked _ . A. why I am so happy today B. what will I do for the weekend C. Who did I play football with after school D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight 三、完形填空(10小題，每小題1分，共10分) 先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。 A man feared his wife wasnt hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid (助聽). Not quite sure how to her, he called the family doctor to discuss the problem. The doctor toldhim there was a simple test thehusband could do to give the doctor a better of her hearing loss. Heres what you do, said the doctor. Stand about 40 feet away from her, and in a conversational speaking tone (音調(diào)) see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 you get a reply. That evening, the wife was in the , and he was in the yard. He said to himself,Im about 40 feet away, and let me see what will happen. Then in a usual tone he asked,Honey, whats for dinner? No . So the husband moved closer to the kitchen, about 30 feet from his wife and asked,Honey, whats for dinner? no reply. Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and Again he got no reply. He walked up to the kitchen door, about 10 feet away. Honey,whats for dinner? Again there was no reply. So he right up behind her. Honey, whats for dinner? Chicken! James, for the time Ive said that. ( ) 36. A. saveB. help C. faceD. guide ( ) 37. A. choice B. excuseC. idea D. suggestion ( ) 38. A. loudB. strangeC. specialD. usual ( ) 39. A. until B. beforeC. when D. as ( ) 40. A. toiletB. gardenC. kitchen D. dining room ( ) 41. A. dinner B. way C. moveD. reply ( ) 42. A. Still B. Even C. Just D. Almost ( ) 43. A. laughedB. repeated C. thoughtD. added ( ) 44. A. ran B. stood C. walkedD. jumped ( ) 45. A. second B. third C. fourthD. fifth 四、閱讀理解(20小題，每小題2分，共40分) 閱讀下面四篇語言材料，然后按文后要求做題.。 A A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery (外科手術(shù)). He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly. On seeing him, the father cried out, Why did you take all this time to come? Dont you know that my son is in danger? Dont you have any sense of duty? The doctor smiled and said, I am sorry. I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work. Calm down?! What if your son was in this room right now? Would you calm down? If your own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do? saidthe father angrily.The doctor smiled again and replied, We will do our best and you should also pray (祈禱)for your sons healthy life. The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happy, Thank goodness!Your son is saved! And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying, If you have any questions, ask the nurse. Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my sons state? shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, tears coming down her face. His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial (葬禮) when we called him for your sons surgery. And now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his sons burial. 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。 ( ) 46. What did the doctor do afterhe received the call for the surgery? A. He asked another doctor to do his duty. B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible. C. He discussed the boys state with the father. D. He waited until his sons burial was finished. ( ) 47. The father shouted at the doctor because he thought A. he had waited too longB. no one cared for his son C. the doctor was cold to him D. the surgery took a long time ( ) 48. Who told the truth to the father in the end? A. The doctor. B. The nurse.C. His son. D. A patient. ( ) 49. How might the father feel after he knew the troth? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Sorry. D. Doubtful. ( ) 50. What is the best title for the text? A. Seeing is believing B. Time waits for no man C. Practice makes perfect D. Think before you decide B Have you ever had trouble sleeping in a new place? Lots of people do. And now researchers from Brown University in Rhode Island think they know why. They found that one-half of the brain remains more awake than the otherhalf when people are trying to sleep in a new place. The sleep findings were reported in Current Biology by Brown University. In their report, the researchers said many people report they have a harder time sleeping the first night at a hotel or other places outside their home. They call it first-night influence. In Japan they say, If you change your bed, you cant sleep, said Yuka Sasaki, one of the reports writers. You dont sleep very well in a new place. We all know about it. The researchers measured brain waves (測量腦波) for 35 volunteers over two nights in a laboratory. The two nights were a week apart (間隔). They found during the first night the left half of the brain was more active than the right half. This was during the first deep-sleep period, the researchers said. 2021年河南中考真題