2020年中考英語易錯易丟分專題12感嘆句和倒裝句含解析

專題12 感嘆句和倒裝句丟分題詳解【2019 青海省中考】_ useful advice you gave us!A. WhatB. What aC. How【參考答案】A 【試題解析】句意：你給了我們多么有用的建議?。》治鼍渥咏Y構可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)useful advice 可知句型結構為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動詞！，句中advice消息，不可數(shù)名詞。故選A。丟分探因此題易誤選B，很多學生容易把advice當成是可數(shù)名詞，且useful是以輔音音音素開頭的單詞，所以第一空很容易誤填What a，其實advice是不可數(shù)名詞，前不用冠詞，useful是形容詞，故前用what修飾。查漏補缺感嘆句的基本用法 用來表示說話人強烈的喜、怒、哀、樂等感情的句子，叫感嘆句。感嘆句由what或how引導，具體用法如下表：類別結構例句what引導What + a/an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一個多么善良的女孩?。hat + 形容詞 + 復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天氣！how引導How + 主語 + 謂語!How time flies! 時間飛逝！How + 形容詞/副詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!How brave ( the hero is )!（這個英雄）真勇敢！How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!How + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!How clever ( a boy he is )! （他是）一個多么聰明的男孩啊！【典例】【2019 內蒙古呼和浩特中考】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 【答案】B【解析】句意：關董救了一位老太太走出長江。他表現(xiàn)出多么杰出的勇氣??！從句意知，本題考查的是感嘆句，由于courage是不可數(shù)名詞，因此用感嘆詞 What，故選B?！?019 湖南省邵陽中考】_ different life is today!Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now. A. What aB. HowC. What【答案】B【解析】分析句子結構可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)different life is today可知句型結構為：How +形容詞+主語+謂語動詞！different形容詞，不同的， life生活，主語故選B。陳述句改感嘆句 陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句時，常使用一斷二加三換位的方法：1. 一斷，即在謂語后邊斷開，使句子分為兩部分。She is a beautiful girl. 她是一位美麗的姑娘。He works hard. 他工作努力。2. 二加，即如果第二部分為副詞、形容詞，就加上how；如果是一個名詞(詞組)，就加上what。She is (what) a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard. 3. 三換位，即把第一部分與第二部分互換位置，同時把句號換為感嘆號。What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【典例】She is a hard-working student. (改為感嘆句)_【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!【解析】感嘆句有What. 和How. 兩種結構，在該題中，如果用What，感嘆部分為What a hard-working student；而如果用How，感嘆部分則為How hard-working。方法技巧感嘆句記憶口訣感嘆句，并不難，what與how應在前。形容詞、副詞跟著how，what后面名詞連。名詞若是可數(shù)單，前帶冠詞a或an。主語、謂語放后面，省略它們也常見丟分題詳解 It was because I was caught in the traffic jam _ I came to school late this morning.A. which B. when C. what D. that【參考答案】D 【試題解析】本題考查強調句。這是一個強調句型It is.that.結構，強調原因狀語，故選D。句意：今天早上我來學習遲到是因為我陷于交通阻塞。丟分探因此題考查強調句型，It is/was被強調部分that/who.，判斷強調句型的一個原則是，把It is/was和that/who.去掉，句子仍然是一個完整的句子，此句把It was和空處之后，剩下的為because I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning，仍然是一個完整的句子，故判斷此題考查強調句型，故選D。查漏補缺 強調句型是一種特殊句式，用于表達說話任強烈的感情或意愿。強調就是使句中某一部分所包含的信息，通過某種手段比一般情況下顯得更加重要。 1. 強調句的基本結構及用法(1)基本句型： It is/was被強調部分that/who. It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通過傾聽和相互理解， 孩子和父母之間的問題才可能被解決。 (強調方式狀語) (2)一般疑問句形式： Is/Was it被強調部分that/who其他？ Was it because he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher? 是因為他表現(xiàn)太差而受到老師的懲罰嗎？(3)特殊疑問句形式： 特殊疑問詞is/was itthat其他？ ,特殊疑問詞就是被強調部分。When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么時候決定選修這門課程的？ 【易錯警示】當疑問句式的強調句出現(xiàn)在名詞性從句中時，疑問句語序要變成陳述句語序。He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他問我是誰錯拿了他的雨傘。 I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black seldom mentions his childhood?(4)強調句的反義疑問句強調句的反義疑問句由that/who前的主句確定用isnt it 或wasnt it.It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isnt it?It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasnt it?(4)含有not. until. 的強調句型： It is/was not until被強調部分that. It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的計劃。2. 強調句中it的應用It在強調句中無實際意義，也不可以用that 或this替代。3. 強調句中be動詞的應用若原句是現(xiàn)在時或將來時，be動詞用is ;若原句為過去時，則be動詞用was.另外，可視情況在be動詞前加情態(tài)動詞may, might, could , must等，表明說話人的語氣。強調句的否定式在be動詞后加not。It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful.It was in the village school that I finished my primary school.It might be in the office that you left your keys.It was not everyone that can do such a thing.4. 強調句中that/who的應用若強調句的被強調部分是人，用that或who均可；若被強調部分指物或其他情況，則一律用that.如：It was Tony who/that happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore.It was in the bookstore that Tony happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore5. 強調句不能強調定語和謂語動詞強調謂語動詞時， 要在所強調的謂語動詞前加助動詞do, does或did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的確設法讓他上技術學校。 1）強調主語It is my parents that always encourage me to try new things.注意：強調主語時，應注意原句的謂語動詞仍與被強調的主語保持一致。被強調的部分的主語無論是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)形式，強調結構中的be 動詞只能用is或was.例如：It is I who am going to the cinema with some friends.It is Lucy and Mary that will come to see me this Sunday.2）強調賓語It was an English-Chinese dictionary that I bought this morning.3）強調狀語It is because of illness that he failed to attend the meeting.It is only when something gets lost that you can realize how important it is to you.注意：當被強調部分是原因狀語從句時，從句只能用because 引導，而不能用since 或as引導。如：It was because she was busy that she refused to help you.中考題演練1. 【2019 廣東省中考】_ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：無人駕駛汽車多智能??！我真的想買一輛。根據(jù)感嘆句結構What +（a/an） + 形容詞+名詞（+主語+謂語+其他）+! How +形容詞/副詞（+主語+謂語+其他）+！smart智能的（形容詞），the driverless car 主語，is系動詞；故選D。2. 【2019 黑龍江省哈爾濱中考】Lucy,lookatthestarsinthesky._!A.WhatbrightitisB.HowbrighttheyareC.Whatbrighttheyare【答案】B【解析】考查感嘆句句型?！癏ow+形容詞+主語+謂語！”。3. 【2019 湖南省長沙中考】_ fun it is to have a field trip on the Orange Island!A. WhatB. What aC. How【答案】A【解析】句意：在橘子島上進行野外旅行是多么有趣??！fun用作形容詞時，只能放在名詞的前面作定語。此句中fun是不可數(shù)名詞，感嘆句應該由what來引導，What a后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，排除B；How+形容詞或副詞，排除C。故答案為A。4. 【2019 江蘇省宿遷中考】_ wonderful the music is! Whats its name?Victory.A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：多么美妙的音樂啊!它的名字是什么?Victory?？疾楦袊@句。how和what都可用于引導感嘆句：how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞或名詞性短語。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容詞，需用how引導。根據(jù)句意結構，可知選A。5. 【2019 甘肅武威中考】_ useful the information youve provided is!A. What aB. WhatC. What anD. How【答案】D【解析】本題考查感嘆句。句意：你提供的信息是多么地有用??！。形容詞useful后無名詞，the information is為主語和系動詞，youve provided為定語，修飾the information。用how+形容詞+主語+謂語結構，故選D。6. 【2019 吉林省中考】_ beautiful song it is!Yes. It is Taylor Swifts new song. A. HowB. WhatC. What a【答案】C【解析】分析句子結構可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)beautiful song it is!可知句型結構為：What +a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動詞！句意：這首歌多美啊！故選C。 7. 【2019 四川省廣元中考】_ fine weather it is!A. What aB. HowC. What 【答案】C【解析】句意：多好的天氣?。》治鼍渥咏Y構可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)fineweather可知句型結構為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動詞！句中weather天氣，不可數(shù)名詞。故選C。8. 【2019 廣西省北部灣經濟中考】Look at my new dress.Wow! _ beautiful it is!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：看我的新裙子。哇！太漂亮了！考查感嘆句。Wow! _ beautiful it is!可知，本題考查感嘆句，由題干可知本句的中心詞是beautiful，它是一個形容詞，所以應用how來引導感嘆句，故答案選A。9. Its a long time ago _ I saw you last time.A. when B. since C. for D. that【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型。It is . that.正是，是強調句型，可以強調除謂語意外的成分；強調句型去掉后，不影響句意。句意就在很久以前，我最后一次見你。故選D。10. Its time _. A. to go to home B. to go home C. going to home D. going home【答案】B【解析】Its time to do表示該到做某事的時候了，go home表示回家的意思，故本題選B。11. 【2019 甘肅省天水市】_ exciting news it is! Beijing will hold 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A. What anB. WhatC. HowD. How an【答案】B【解析】句意：多么令人興奮的消息??！北京將舉辦2022年冬奧會。分析句子結構可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)exciting news it is可知句型結構為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動詞！句中news消息，不可數(shù)名詞。故選B。12.【2019 山東省青島中考】_ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.A. WhatB. What aC. How aD. How【答案】A【解析】句意：我們上的課多么不尋常啊！我們學到了很多剪紙的知識。感嘆句的基本結構：How形容詞/副詞主語謂語+其他! What+（a/an）(形容詞)名詞主語+謂語+其他！題干中的中心詞classess是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，符合What形容詞可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)（主語+謂語+其他）！，故答案選A。13. 【2019 湖北省隨州中考】All of my classmates have passed the PE test._ exciting the news is!A. WhatB. What anC. HowD. How an【答案】C【解析】句意：我所有的同學們已經通過了體育考試。那個消息是多么令人興奮！這里是感嘆句，用how來感嘆，排除A、B；其結構是How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語。排除D。根據(jù)題意，故選C。14. 【2019 江蘇省淮安中考】It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve our life great!_ amazing it is!A. What anB. How aC. WhatD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：據(jù)說5G就要來了。它將極大地改善我們的生活！它是多么令人驚訝呀！這里是感嘆句，感嘆名詞用what，感嘆形容詞用how，amazing是形容詞，排除AC；其結構是How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語。排除B，根據(jù)題意，故選D。模擬題檢測1. (2019年汕頭市潮南區(qū)模擬) useful suggestion you offer! Thank you!Youre welcome!A. What anB. What aC. How anD. How【答案】B【解析】句意：你提供了一條多么有用的建議啊! 謝謝你。不用謝。A.What an+元音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；B. What a+輔音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；C. How an錯誤；D. How+形容詞/副詞。useful suggestion為輔音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故選B。2019年江蘇省連云港市贛榆實驗中學中考英語模擬試題2."_ youve made! But you should still work hard, "the teacher said to the boy.A. What great progressB. How a big mistakeC. What a big mistakeD. How great progress【答案】A【解析】句意：“但是你還是應該努力學習?！崩蠋煂δ泻⒄f。感嘆句具體構成如下：（1）what + a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語?。?）what +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+主語+謂語！（3）how+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語！ mistake或progress是名詞可知填what，可知選A或C；A. What great progress多大的進步??；C. What a big mistake多大的錯誤啊。根據(jù)下文“但是你還是應該努力學習?！笨芍澳闳〉昧硕啻蟮倪M步??！” 故選A。3. (珠海市北大附屬實驗學校初中部2020屆九年級上學期10月調研)_wonderful advice !A. HowB. What aC. How aD. What【答案】D【解析】句意“多么完美的建議??！”。本句話中省略了主語和謂語的感嘆句。形容詞wonderful修飾不可數(shù)名詞advice，用“what+adj+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）”結構，故選D。3. (北京市上地實驗學校2019-2020學年九年級上學期第二次統(tǒng)練)_ the mooncakes are！A. What deliciousB. How deliciousC. What a deliciousD. How a delicious【答案】B【解析】句意：多美味的月餅?。】疾楦袊@句。根據(jù)句中mooncakes可知，不可用不定冠詞a，C、D選項排除。句子主謂結構是the mooncakes are，前面的單詞是形容詞delicious，應用how修飾，故應選B。4. (山東濱州部分學校2019-2020學年九年級上學期第一次月考)-_useful advice he gave me! _kind he is!A. What, HowB. How, WhatC. What a, HowD. What an, How【答案】A【解析】句意：他給我的是多么有用的建議??！他是多么的善良?。】疾楦袊@句的用法。what修飾名詞或名詞短語，有以下兩種形式：1. What+a(an)+（形容詞）+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！或是：What+名詞詞組+主語+謂語！2. What+(形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！由How引導的感嘆句。how用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。其結構是：How+形容詞（副詞）+主語+謂語！第一句中advice(建議)是不可數(shù)名詞，需用引導詞what; 第二句kind（好的）是形容詞，需用引導詞how。根據(jù)句意結構，故選A。5. (安徽省桐城市第二中學2019屆九年級下學期第三次模擬考試It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where【答案】B【解析】句意：重要的是你的工作能力,而不是你是哪里的人或是什么人。這句是強調句It is .+that.這里強調的是the ability to do the job。判斷強調句的關鍵在于你去掉 it is 和that之后這句話還是完整的句子The ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are。matter 在這里是一個動詞,是重要的意思，故選B。6. (濟南匯才學校2019-2020學年度第一學期期中) _ delicious the food is in China! So it is. We all enjoy it.A. WhatB. HowC. How anD. What an【答案】B【解析】句意：在中國食物是多么美味啊!確實如此。我們都很喜歡。how和what都可用于引導感嘆句：how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞或名詞性短語。本句delicious（美味的/好吃的）是形容詞，需用“How+形容詞+主謂”結構；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選B。7. (廣東梅州市2019-2020學年第一學期中段聯(lián)考)._ clean the classroom is! Who cleaned it ?A. How aB. What aC. WhatD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：這個教室多么干凈??！誰打掃的？根據(jù)句意、所給選項可判斷出這個是感嘆句。感嘆句兩種句型：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)clean是形容詞，可知使用How，故選D。8. It was because I like you _ I speak out frankly.A. that B. why C. because D. who【答案】A【解析】本題考查的是強調結構。強調結構為It is/was. that.，本題強調狀語。句意：我坦率的講是因為我喜歡你。9. It was _ who helped us out of danger.What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them.A. they B. them C. their D. theirs【答案】A【解析】考查代詞。根據(jù)題干，這是一個強調句，強調主語！ 英語中為了表達的正式，這時應用主格的代詞。本句的意思是就是他幫我們脫離的危險。所以本題選B。10. (北京101中學2020屆上學期初中九年級10月月考)_ the mooncakes are!A. What delicious B. How delicious C. What a delicious D. How a delicious【答案】B【解析】句意：多么美味的月餅??！該句考查感嘆句，感嘆句的基本結構為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)delicious是形容詞，可知使用How，故選B。11. (四川雅安中學20192020學年上期學考) popular Tik Tok（抖音）is nowadays! So it is . More than 100 million people share short videos on it every day.A. What B. What an C. How D. How an【答案】C【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在抖音是多么受歡迎啊！確實是，每天有一億多人分享這一短視頻。，感嘆句的基本結構為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語！；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)popular是形容詞，可知使用How，故選C。12. (湖南省麓山國際實驗學校20192020第一次限時練） useful weather report he has just offered!It really helps a lot. We can plan our trip now.A. What a B. How C. What【答案】A【解析】句意：他提供了多么有用的天氣預報啊！確實很有幫助。我們現(xiàn)在就可以計劃我們的旅程了。感嘆句的基本結構為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)report是單數(shù)名詞，可知使用What a，故選A。