2020年中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)易丟分專(zhuān)題11非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含解析

專(zhuān)題11 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞丟分題詳解【2019 四川涼山州中考】Is it necessary _ us _ some photos before saving the old man? Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so. A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take【試題答案】D【參考答案】句意：在救那個(gè)老人之前，我們有必要拍些照片嗎？是的，它是。如果我們這樣做，我們可以保護(hù)自己。Its +adj. for /of sb. to do sth “對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事樣”，該結(jié)構(gòu)中it為形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)為真正的主語(yǔ)，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；通常由of或for引出不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.；如果形容詞是僅僅來(lái)描述事物的，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible用for 引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，故選D。丟分探因此題如果學(xué)生分不清it is adj. for sb. to do sth.和it is adj. for sb. doing sth.，學(xué)生很容易誤選B， todo表示有目的性，doing表示正在進(jìn)行。此處表示在救那個(gè)老人之前，我們有必要拍些照片嗎？故選D。查漏補(bǔ)缺1. 動(dòng)詞不定式的作用句子成分用法例句作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，為避免頭重腳輕常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。常用句型有：It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意為做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是。It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意為做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.學(xué)好一門(mén)語(yǔ)言是不容易的。作賓語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan，decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse, afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等think, find, believe等動(dòng)詞可用于動(dòng)詞+it+adj.+to do sth.句型中。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式。I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我發(fā)現(xiàn)要通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)考試很難。作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式放在名詞、代詞后作定語(yǔ)，兩者之間常有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此，如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)該加上相應(yīng)的介詞。常接不定式作定語(yǔ)的名詞有：time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambition Can you give me a pen to write with?能給我一只用于書(shū)寫(xiě)的筆嗎？Do you have something to say?你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎？作狀語(yǔ)不定式?？捎米鳡钫Z(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞，表示行為的目的、結(jié)果和原因。To do a good job,we must have the right tools. 要干好活工具要對(duì)頭。作表語(yǔ)放在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)。My dream is to be an engineer.我想成為一名工程師。2. 不定式的特殊用法 使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，須省略to。此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：一感(feel)、二聽(tīng)(hear, listen to)、三讓(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五幫(help)。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，省略的to則要加上。動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被動(dòng)形式為to be done。Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我們老師要求我們不要獨(dú)自一人在河里游泳。 常接疑問(wèn)詞+帶to的不定式的動(dòng)詞有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我媽媽教我如何做飯。方法技巧非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題七大原則原則一：用作目的狀語(yǔ)，原則上要用不定式。原則二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原則上要用-ing。原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式，其區(qū)別是，一般用-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。原則四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原則上要用過(guò)去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式；如果所涉及的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing的被動(dòng)式。原則五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)原則上應(yīng)與主句主語(yǔ)保持一致。原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，原則上要用完成式（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或-ing的完成式）。原則七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)：用不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生；用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】后跟to do作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞（詞組）(1)想要，拒絕，忘記 (want/would like, refuse, forget)(2)需要，努力，學(xué)習(xí) (need, try, learn)(3)喜歡，同意，幫助 (like, agree, help)(4)希望，決定，開(kāi)始 (hope/wish, decide, begin/start)【巧學(xué)妙記】巧記后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞喜歡(enjoy)不斷(keep)提建議(suggest)盼望(look forward to)習(xí)慣(be used to)卻完畢(finish)想要(feel like)花費(fèi)(spend)去練習(xí)(practice)忍俊不禁(cant help)還介意(mind)丟分題詳解 【2019 湖北省咸寧中】 Come and see! The baby is crying.Please do something to make him _.A. stop cryingB. stop to cryC. cryingD. cry【參考答案】A【試題解析】句意：過(guò)來(lái)看看！嬰兒在哭。 做點(diǎn)什么讓他別哭了。A. stop crying 停止哭；B. stop to cry停下來(lái)去哭；C為動(dòng)名詞；D為的動(dòng)詞原形。make sb . do sth. 使某人做某事，make后跟動(dòng)詞原形，排除C；還考查了stop的用法。stop doing sth. 是停止做某事；stop to do sth. 是停下來(lái)做另一件事。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境：The baby is crying. 嬰兒在哭。可知，應(yīng)該是做點(diǎn)什么讓嬰兒別哭了。故選A。丟分探因此題考查短語(yǔ)stop doing sth.的用法，stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事，stop doing sth. 停止做某事，學(xué)生掌握住這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)就能做對(duì)此題。有類(lèi)似用法的動(dòng)詞有：forget, remember等等。查漏補(bǔ)缺（一）動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞+-ing構(gòu)成，和現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特點(diǎn)。（二）動(dòng)名詞作用句子成分用法例句作主語(yǔ)單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有：It is no use（good）+v.ing.Seeing is believing.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。It is no use arguing again.再去爭(zhēng)吵也沒(méi)有用。作表語(yǔ)放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)Her job is looking after the children.她的工作是照顧這些小孩子。作賓語(yǔ)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的詞有：avoid, finish, consider, give up, cannot help, allow, imagine, include, keep, mind, practice, suggest，succeed in, be used to do, look forward to, enjoy, be busyNo matter what happened, I wont give up achieving my dream.不管發(fā)生了什么事情，我都不會(huì)放棄去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。作定語(yǔ)用于名詞前，起修飾說(shuō)明作用There is a swimming pool in her home.她家有個(gè)游泳池。（三）動(dòng)名詞的特殊用法 即可接動(dòng)詞不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, start, continue, intend, attempt, cant bear, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, neglect, try, deserve, cant afford等動(dòng)詞。有時(shí)兩者之間的意義差別不大，但remember, regret, want, try等詞后差別比較明顯。中考題演練1. 【2019 廣西省河池中考】My parents dont allow me _ TV on school nights.A. to watchB. watchC. watchesD. watching【答案】A【解析】句意：我的父母不允許我在上學(xué)日的晚上看電視。to watch動(dòng)詞不定式；watch觀看，動(dòng)詞原形；watches第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式；watching動(dòng)名詞形式。句中使用了句型allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，故應(yīng)選A。2. 【2019 四川省內(nèi)江中考】Where is Mike?I saw him _ with Mr. Smith in the hallways just now.A. to talkB. talkingC. talkedD. talks【答案】B【解析】句意：Mike在哪里?我剛才看見(jiàn)他在走廊里和Smith先生談話?？疾閯?dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)。A. to talk動(dòng)詞不定式；B. talking動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；C. talked過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞；D. talks第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。根據(jù)I saw him_with Mr. Smith in the hallways just now.可知這里考查see的用法，see sb. do sth.看見(jiàn)某人做了某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)看著做的整個(gè)過(guò)程；see sb. doing sth.看見(jiàn)某人正做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行。根據(jù)just now（剛剛），在這里應(yīng)該是剛剛看見(jiàn)他在走廊里和Smith先生正在談話，強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以應(yīng)該用see sb. doing sth.故答案選B。3. 【2019 云南昆明中考】Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun it.A. visiting B. to visit C. reading D. to read【答案】A【解析】句意：云南博物館是一個(gè)非常有趣的地方，以至于很多孩子都很喜歡參觀。have fun doing sth. 做某事有樂(lè)趣，根據(jù)suchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun可知句意：云南博物館是一個(gè)非常有趣的地方，以至于很多孩子都很喜歡參觀。故選A。4. 【2019 四川省遂寧中考】These foreigners are practicing Chinese. A. to speakB. speakingC. speakD. speaks【答案】B【解析】句意：這些外國(guó)人正在練習(xí)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。practice doing sth表示練習(xí)做某事。故選B。5. 【2019 內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特中考】It is wise Linda to make up her mind to play an instrument. A. for; learning B. for; to learn C. of; learning D. of; to learn【答案】D 【解析】句意：對(duì)琳達(dá)來(lái)說(shuō)明智的做法是下定決心學(xué)會(huì)演奏樂(lè)器。Itsadj. for/ofsb.todo sth. "對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)樣"，用for 是因?yàn)榍懊娴腶dj.是來(lái)描述do后面的sth.用of ，adj.就用來(lái)形容sb的，it is adj. of sb. to do，這里的形容詞是形容人的性格特征的，如nice，kind clever，foolish，smart，都是形容人的，it is adj. for sb. to do就是普通的形容詞，如hard，impossible，important. 空格用for，因此答案應(yīng)是for。由題干"對(duì)琳達(dá)來(lái)說(shuō)明智的做法是下定決心學(xué)會(huì)演奏樂(lè)器。"可知，第一個(gè)空格用for；第二個(gè)空格用to learn，因此答案應(yīng)是for；to learn。故選D。6. 【2019 湖南省湘潭中考】Alex, would you mind down the music? Its too noisy. Sorry, dad. Ill do it right away. A. turnB. turningC. to turn【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句意：亞歷克斯. 你介意調(diào)小音樂(lè)嗎？太吵了。對(duì)不起，爸爸。我馬上就去做?？疾閙ind doing sth介意做某事。 故選B。7. 【2019 海南省中考】Mrs Green refuses sweet food. She doesnt want to get fat. A. eatB. eatingC. to eat【答案】C【解析】refuse to do sth.拒絕做某事，句意：格林太太拒絕吃甜食。她不想發(fā)胖。故選C。8.【2019 河南省中考】Do you always get up so early?Yes, _ the first bus. My home is far away from school.A. catchB. to catchC. catchingD. caught【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：你總是起床這么早嗎？ 是的，為了趕上早班車(chē)。我家離學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，故選B。9. 【2019 黑龍江省哈爾濱中考】Kidslikereadingstorieswhichcanmakethem _. A. laughB.tolaughC. laughing【答案】A【解析】句意：孩子們喜歡讀故事，故事可以使他們開(kāi)懷大笑。短語(yǔ)make sb./sth. do sth.意為使做某事，故動(dòng)詞用原形。10.【2019 湖南省湘西中考】John, remember _ off the lights when you leave the classroom.No problem！A. turn B. turned C. to turn【答案】C【解析】句意：John，記得離開(kāi)教室的時(shí)候關(guān)燈。沒(méi)問(wèn)題。remember to do sth. 記得去做某事（還未做）；remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事（已做）。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，記得關(guān)燈，還未做，故用remember to do sth.，故選C。11.【2019 湖南省岳陽(yáng)中考】People enjoy _ zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. A. eatB. eatingC. to eat【答案】B【解析】句意：端午節(jié)人們喜歡吃粽子。 enjoy doing sth.表示喜歡做某事。故選B。12.【2019 江蘇省南京中考】Do you have any plans for the holiday?Yes, Im planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. Im looking forward to _ the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls. A. seeB. seeingC. seesD. saw【答案】B【解析】句意：你有什么假期計(jì)劃嗎？是的，我計(jì)劃去九寨溝旅游。我期待著看到色彩斑斕的湖泊和寧?kù)o的瀑布。look forward to doing期待做某事。故選B。13. 【2019 四川省自貢中考】My uncle is against wasting anything. No wonder he would rather _ the old bike than _ a new one. A. repair; to buyB. to repair; buyC. repair; buy【答案】C【解析】句意：難怪他寧愿修理舊自行車(chē)也不愿買(mǎi)新自行車(chē)。would rather do sth than do sth表示寧愿做某事而不愿做某事。故選C。14. 【2019 天津市中考】The government is setting up nature parks _ protect pandas. A. to helpB. helpC. helpedD. helps【答案】A【解答】句意：政府正在建立自然公園來(lái)幫助保護(hù)熊貓。根據(jù)該空處在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填入動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填入to help。故選A。 15. 【2019 貴州省安順中考】What time do you get up in the morning on school days?I get up at 7:00 every morning to avoid _ the early bus.A. missB. missedC. missing D. to miss【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：你上學(xué)的時(shí)候早上幾點(diǎn)起床？我每天早上7點(diǎn)起床以避免錯(cuò)過(guò)早班車(chē)。短語(yǔ)avoid doing sth.：避免做某事，avoid是及物動(dòng)詞；結(jié)合句意可知missing；故選C。16. 【2019 四川省成都中考】Smart phones _ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.A. madeB. makingC. to make【答案】A【解析】句意：華為生產(chǎn)的智能手機(jī)在全球越來(lái)越受歡迎。本題的題干是簡(jiǎn)單句，分析句子成分并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，空格處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。A. made過(guò)去分詞、過(guò)去式；B. making現(xiàn)在分詞；C. to make動(dòng)詞不定式。make與主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用過(guò)去分詞形式；故選A。17. 【2019 甘肅省天水中考】Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth _.A. to visitB. visitedC. visitD. visiting【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)句意：香港迪士尼樂(lè)園值得參觀?？疾榫湫蚥e worth doing值得做某事。故選D。18. 【2019 甘肅省蘭州中考】We are supposed _ some housework with our parents when we have free time.A. to shareB. sharingC. sharedD. share【答案】A【解析】句意：我們有空的時(shí)候應(yīng)該和父母一起分擔(dān)家務(wù)。A為動(dòng)詞不定式；B為動(dòng)名詞；C為過(guò)去式；D為動(dòng)詞原形。本題考查be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事。be supposed to. 其中to是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，不是介詞，其后要跟動(dòng)詞原形。當(dāng)be supposed to. 的主語(yǔ)是人 時(shí)，意為應(yīng)該；被期望，它可以用來(lái)表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等，相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。因此本題應(yīng)該選擇動(dòng)詞不定式。所以選A。19. 【2019 貴州畢節(jié)中考】Betty is often seen _ the lonely old man with his housework.A. to helpB. helpingC. helpsD. helped【答案】A【解析】句意：貝蒂經(jīng)常被看到幫助老人做家務(wù)。根據(jù)see sb doing看到某人正在做；see sb do看到某人做某事（全過(guò)程）可知，本句話表示看到全過(guò)程，省略to，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)，to要加上，即sb be seen to do，故選A。模擬題檢測(cè)1. (廣東梅州縣頸義中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年第一學(xué)期中聯(lián)考) It took me ten days reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.A. finishB. to finishC. finishedD. finishing【答案】B【解析】句意：我花十天時(shí)間讀完了郭敬明小說(shuō)。A. finish（原形）；B. to finish（不定式）；C. finished（一般過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞）；D. finishing（動(dòng)名詞）；本句是固定句型It takes sb +時(shí)間+ to do sth意為“某人花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事”，判斷空格用不定式； 故選B。2. (濟(jì)南匯才學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中) Some students think it useful _ English songs to improve their English.A. sangB. to singC. singingD. sings【答案】B【解析】句意：一些學(xué)生認(rèn)為唱英文歌對(duì)提高他們的英語(yǔ)很有用。考查動(dòng)詞形式辨析。本句是固定句型“動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式做真正賓語(yǔ)；根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選B。3. (河南省南陽(yáng)市內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)縣2019屆九年級(jí)中招一模) _ challenges actively, and then youll try your best to overcome them and you will become a better person.A. To faceB. FaceC. FacingD. Faces【答案】B【解析】句意“積極地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，然后你將會(huì)盡你最大的努力來(lái)克服他們并且成為一個(gè)更好的人”。根據(jù)句意可知，用祈使句+and+陳述句（一般將來(lái)時(shí)）。祈使句省略主語(yǔ)you，直接以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，故選B。4. (安徽省桐城市第二中學(xué)2019屆九年級(jí)下學(xué)期第三次模擬) I prefer _ the failure rather than _ my dream.A. experience; to give upB. to experience; give upC. experienceing; giving upD. to experience; to give up【答案】B【解析】句意：我寧愿經(jīng)歷失敗也不愿意放棄夢(mèng)想。本題考查動(dòng)詞固定搭配。prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.“寧愿做.而不做.”，故選B。5. (北京市上地實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年九年級(jí)上學(xué)期第二次統(tǒng)練) .Aunt Li often asks her son _ too much meat. Its bad for his health.A. eatingB. not to eatC. not eatingD. to eat【答案】B【解析】句意：李阿姨經(jīng)常叫她的兒子不要吃太多肉。那樣對(duì)他的健康有害?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。ask sb. (not) to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“要求某人（不要）做某事”，B選項(xiàng)符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)選B。 6. (廣東珠海市北大附屬實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校初中部2020屆九年級(jí)上學(xué)期10月調(diào)研) I love this song by Liang Bo. Would you mind _ the TV a bit ? I cant hear it clearly.A. turning onB. to turn offC. turning upD. turn up【答案】C【解析】句意“我喜歡梁博唱的這首歌，你是否介意將電視聲音調(diào)高一點(diǎn)？我不能聽(tīng)得很清楚”。turn on打開(kāi)；turn off關(guān)閉；C.turn up調(diào)高（聲音等）。第一空處，根據(jù)mind可知，用mind doing“介意做某事”，排除B和D；且根據(jù)I cant hear it clearly“我不能聽(tīng)得很清楚”可知，表示“調(diào)高聲音”。故選C。7. (廣東省江門(mén)市恩平2019-2020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中調(diào)研)It shows that the population in countries is larger than in developed countries.A. developed；that B. developing；thoseC. developing；that D. developed；those【答案】C【解析】句意：這表明發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人口比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家多。根據(jù)事實(shí)，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人口比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家人口數(shù)量更大，第一個(gè)空，和后一句中的developed對(duì)比，因此次空為發(fā)展中，developing，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)空，比較級(jí)中than后用代詞代指上文提到的單數(shù)名詞，避免重復(fù)，population是不可數(shù)名詞，所以用that。故選C。8. (2019年江蘇省連云港市贛榆實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)模擬)How do you feel after watching the movie Amazing, My Country?Well, I think it is lucky for us _ this great country.A. to liveB. to live inC. livingD. living in【答案】B【解析】句意：-看了厲害了，我的國(guó)這部電影后你覺(jué)得怎么樣？-嗯，我認(rèn)為我們生活在這個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家是幸運(yùn)的。考查固定句型Its +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.：做某事對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)是什么樣子的；live：居住，不及物動(dòng)詞，住在某個(gè)地方是live in；故選B。9. (河南南陽(yáng)方城縣2019年中招模擬)Thanks a lot for getting out of your way _ me. Its my pleasure. A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help【答案】D【解析】句意：非常感謝你竭盡全力來(lái)幫我。不用謝。Go out of ones way to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“竭盡全力做某事”，故選D。10. (2019年汕頭市潮南區(qū)模擬) 10.Mr Grea found Tom a novel in class when he came in.A. is readingB. readingC. readD. to read【答案】B【解析】句意：格蕾亞先生發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆在課上讀小說(shuō)當(dāng)他進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候。A. is reading正在讀，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；B. reading正在讀，現(xiàn)在分詞；C. read讀，動(dòng)詞原形；D. to read讀，不定式。發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事為固定搭配，有兩種形式find sb do sth和find sb doing sth。根據(jù)when he came in可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事，故選B。11. (甘肅省民勤縣民勤六中20192020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中) Peter has changed a lot, hasnt he?Yes. He used to _ the guitar, but now he is used to _ soccer.A. plays; playing B. play; platsC. play; playing D. playing; play【答案】C【解析】句意：彼得已經(jīng)改變了很多，不是嗎？是的。過(guò)去他常常彈吉他，但是現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣了踢足球。used to do sth.表“過(guò)去常常做”，而be/ get used to doing表“習(xí)慣于做某事”，根據(jù)句意選C。12. (云南石林 鹿阜中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年上學(xué)期九月學(xué)情檢測(cè)) Its too hard _ the spoken English when watching English movies. A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood【答案】A 【解析】句意：看英文電影時(shí)理解英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)太難了。該句中it為形式主語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)為真正的主語(yǔ)，故選A。13. (盤(pán)錦市大洼區(qū)田家學(xué)校20192020第一學(xué)期九年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)檢) Well do what we can _ our environment. A. protect B. to protect C. be protected D. be protecting【答案】B【解析】句意：我們將做我們所能做的來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。句中需要不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選B。14. (江蘇省徐州市泉山區(qū)2020屆第一月考) We find _ impossible for us _ a foreign language well in a short time.A. that; learning B. this; to learn C. one; learning D. it; to learn【答案】D【解析】句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)短期內(nèi)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是不可能的。該句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+形容詞+of/ for sb.+動(dòng)詞不定式”，其中it為形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)作為真正的賓語(yǔ)。15. (安徽省潛山市第四中學(xué)2020屆上學(xué)期第二次月考) The high-speed railway “Fu Xing Hao” _ Beijing with shanghai has been in service since June 26, 2017.A. connectsB. to connectC. connectedD. connecting【答案】D【解析】句意：連接北京和上海的“復(fù)興號(hào)”高鐵已從2017年六月26日投入使用。該句需要ing形式的短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾The high-speed railway “Fu Xing Hao” ，故選D。