More-than與more-…-than的用法及翻譯

精品文檔，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除more than 與more than 短語在英語中使用得十分廣泛。但其用法和意義并不簡單，一不留神就可能用錯(cuò)。因?yàn)閙ore than 與more than 除了具備其基本用法外，還有些特殊用法。理解和翻譯時(shí)要特別小心，不能一看到more than就簡單地按照字面上的意思將其理解為“比更”或“超過”等，而是要根據(jù)上下文找出more than 短語的確切含義，只有這樣才不至于貽笑大方。more than 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞短語，在句中作定語或狀語，修飾其后的動(dòng)詞、副詞、數(shù)詞或名詞等。一.   more than 的用法1. more than 后跟數(shù)詞，相當(dāng)于over，翻譯成“多、超過”等，強(qiáng)調(diào)某物數(shù)量上超出某一范圍。    More than 1,500 people were killed in the earthquake. 地震中有一千五百多人遇難。    I have collected more than 3 hundred stamps so far. 到目前為止，我已收集了300多張郵票。    Ive known him for more than 20 years. 我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)二十多年了。    Their college enrolled more than five hundred new students this year. 他們學(xué)院今年招收了五百多名新生。2. more than 后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，相當(dāng)于over, not just, not only，表示“不只是、不僅僅是”等。例如：She is more than a teacher to us, she is our friend. 他不只是教師，她還是我們的朋友。Hibernation is more than sleep. 冬眠不僅僅是睡眠。Wood is used for more than building. 木頭不僅僅用于建筑。Blood is much more than the simple fluid it seems to be. 血液不僅僅是一種外表似乎簡單的液體。My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不僅僅是旅游觀光。I like autumn more than summer. 我喜歡秋天勝過夏天。He is more than a soldier. He is simply a hero. 他豈止是個(gè)戰(zhàn)士，簡直是個(gè)英雄。注：more than one意為“不止一個(gè)”，若用作主語，謂語用單數(shù)；more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one做主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：More than one teacher has been to Australia in this college. 這所學(xué)院的教師中，不止一人去過澳大利亞。More ships than one were damaged in the storm. 不止一艘輪船在這次暴風(fēng)雨中受損。More than one book has been translated into foreign languages. 不止一本書被譯成了外語。More than one student likes to play football after school. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡放學(xué)后踢足球。3. more than后跟動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、或介詞，相當(dāng)于very, much, not only, especially，表示“不僅、十分、非常、很、更加、非但”等。例如：She was dressed more than simply. 她的穿著簡樸得近乎寒酸。You have already more than repaid me. 你回報(bào)我的已大大超過我對(duì)你的幫助。You must be more than careful with the precision instruments in doing experiments. 做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)對(duì)精密儀器你要十分小心。Her performance was more than good; its perfect. 她的表演十分精彩，簡直就是完美無缺。I was more than surprised; I was astonished. 我不是一般的吃驚，而是震驚。She speaks French more than fluently. 她法語講得十分流利。The teacher was more than pleased with what youve said. 老師對(duì)你的回答非常滿意。Im more than glad to hear the good news. 聽到這個(gè)好消息，我非常高興。He more than kept his promise. 他嚴(yán)格遵守自己的諾言。4. more than后跟從句，相當(dāng)于not only, over等，表示“不僅僅是、超過、難以、，簡直不能”等，從句中常用can或could。例如：The hurt and pain were more than he could stand. 他無法承受那些傷害和痛苦。The cold was more than the children could bear. 天氣冷得孩子們受不。How he manages to live is more than I can tell. 他是如何生活的，我猜不透。Its more than flesh and blood can bear. 此非血肉之軀所能忍受。二. more than的否定結(jié)構(gòu)more than的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是no more than和not more than，但兩者意義和用法各不相同。no more than后跟名詞或數(shù)詞，相當(dāng)于only，表示“僅僅、只有”，含有嫌少的感情色彩；而not more than后跟名詞或數(shù)詞，相當(dāng)于at most, no less than，表示“至多、不超過”，不含嫌少的感情色彩。例如：Weve learned no more than 9 lessons this term. 本學(xué)期我們只學(xué)了9課課文。（含有嫌少的感情色彩）We havent learned more than 9 lessons this term. 本學(xué)期我們至多學(xué)了9課課文。（客觀敘述，不含嫌少的感情色彩）There were not more than 70 students in the classroom then. 當(dāng)時(shí)教室里至多有70個(gè)學(xué)生。We havent studied more than 3 English books. 我們至多學(xué)了3本英語書。He has no more than 5 pounds. 他只有5英鎊。The theatre was no more than a painted barn. 所謂戲院，不過是一個(gè)刷了漆的倉庫而已。三. more than的用法1. more than的基本用法在more than結(jié)構(gòu)中，more是much或many的比較級(jí)，修飾形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞，相當(dāng)于greater, in a greater degree，表示“比更”，其前可以受a lot, much, many, far, by far, a little, a bit, still等修飾，比較的兩部分并不要求用完全相同的詞類。例如： Sound travels much more slowly than light. 聲音比光的傳播慢得多。 You get more tired when you lift a heavy load than a light one. 挑東西多比挑東西少累人。 Iron is more useful than gold. 鐵比金子更有用。 The emperor cares more for new clothes than for anything else. 皇帝喜歡新衣服勝過其它任何東西。She is more of a poet than he is. 她比他更有詩人氣質(zhì)。2. more than的特殊用法2.1 more than后跟形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、名詞等，一般情況下，要求more后部分和than后部分詞類相同，但偶爾也有例外。表示“與其說不如說、是不是、是更是、有無”等。例如：He is more dead than alive. 與其說他還活在人世，不如說他是行尸走肉。She is more shy than unsocial. 她是害羞而不是不愛交際。George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治言語放肆，不如說他聰穎過人。John is more daring than quick-witted. 與其說約翰腦子靈活，不如說他膽大妄為。She is more a singer than an actress. 與其說她是個(gè)演員，不如說是個(gè)歌唱家。The boy is more diligent than clever. 與其說這男孩聰明，不如說他勤奮。Dogs bark more for custom than fierceness. 狗叫主要是因?yàn)榱?xí)慣，而不是生性兇狂。The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 這本書看起來與其說是一本語法書，不如說是一本詞典。It was more a cross-examination than an interview. 與其說這是一次面試，不如說是審訊。The child was more frightened than hurt. 這孩子沒受什么傷，只是受到了驚嚇。Its even more a poem than a picture. 與其說它是一幅畫，不如說是一首詩。He is more slow than careful. 與其說他辦事認(rèn)真，不如說他反應(yīng)遲鈍。I was dumb more with fright than cold. 我全身麻木不是凍的，而是因?yàn)榭謶?。A mob is influenced more on impulse than by reason. 烏合之眾的行為不受理智的控制而是沖動(dòng)的后果。注：有時(shí)more than后的可數(shù)名詞用作抽象名詞，不加任何冠詞。例如：He is more knave than fool. 與其說他愚蠢無能，不如說他厚顏無恥。（=He is more of a knave than a fool.）She is more mother than wife. 她是一位妻子，但更是一位母親。（她算得上是良母，但不是賢妻。）He was more friend than servant to me. 與其說他是我的仆人，不如說他是我的朋友。more + 形容詞/副詞 + than，表示“與其說，不如說”，其中形容詞或副詞即使是單音節(jié)詞或雙音節(jié)詞，也不能用其比較級(jí)。例如：      Tom was more good than bad. 與其說湯姆壞，不如說他好。      Tom was better than worse. （此句不成立）2.2 more than后跟從句，than在從句中作主語或賓語，表示“難以”或“比多”。例如：I want more books than I can ever get. 我需要的書多得我無法購買。Peter spent more money than was intended to be spent. 彼得花的錢比原計(jì)劃的多。That afternoon they drank more coffee than had been our custom. 那天下午他們喝的咖啡比通常的要多。四. more than的否定結(jié)構(gòu)1. more than的否定結(jié)構(gòu)一是no more than或not any more than（用于口語），no more和than后面的部分均表示否定。相當(dāng)于not just as not，其后可跟名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、介詞、副詞等，表示“與一樣不、和都不”等。例如：He is not a poet any more than I am a scholar. 他不是詩人，正如我不是學(xué)者一樣。John is no more diligent than Tom. 約翰和湯姆一樣學(xué)習(xí)不勤奮。I could no more do that than you. 我和你一樣都做不了這件事。This maths problem is no more difficult than that one. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題與那道題一樣容易。Your picture is no more beautiful than his. 你的畫和他的一樣不怎么樣。He is no more a teacher than a worker. 他既不是教師，也不是工人。2. more than的否定結(jié)構(gòu)二是not more than，相當(dāng)于not so much as，表示兩事物間的比較，譯為“不如、不及 ”。例如：   He is not more a teacher than a worker. 與其說他是個(gè)教師，倒不如說他是個(gè)工人。（比較：He is no more a teacher than a worker. 他既不是教師也不是工人。He is more a teacher than a worker. 與其說他是個(gè)工人，倒不如說他是個(gè)教師。）   This film is not more moving than that one. 這部電影不如那部感人。【精品文檔】第 6 頁