2019-2020年高三英語大一輪復習講義 學生用書 Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高三英語大一輪復習講義 學生用書 Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版.語境填詞1The Olympic Games were one of the most important _(事件) in our _(國家)2The _(dirt) surroundings will bring _(災難)to the people nearby.3The _(destroy) was _(極度的) after the terrible earthquake.4The train left the _(軌道) and hundreds of passengers were injured. 5I believe you have the ability to distinguish what is _(有用) and what is _(無用)6The soldiers were busy _(營救) the people _(陷入困境) under the ruins.7_(電) was cut off in the _(災難) area.8I had thought I would go and _(祝賀)her on her success，but words failed me.I could hardly _(表達) my feelings.選詞填空think much of，right away，instead of，cut across，run out of1They have _ their money and have to go back.2_ cooking at home，they went out to eat every day.3I usually _ the park on my way home.4He didnt _ my advice.5This problem should be solved _.完成句子1一聽到那個好消息，我興奮的不能入眠。On hearing the good news，I was _ excited _ fall asleep.2這部電影和我預料的一樣精彩。The movie is _ I expected.3廣泛閱讀的人將會大大提高英語水平。_ read widely will improve their English greatly. 4作為一個中國人，我們?yōu)槲覀儑宜〉玫某删透械椒浅Ｗ院?。As a Chinese，we are very _ the achievement our country has made.單項填空1Some parents are just too protective.They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.Aspot BdismissCshelter Ddistinguish2He sent his _ to me _ my winning the first prize in the petition.Acongratulations；on Bcongratulations；forCcelebrations；on Dcelebrations；for3His car _ severe damage in the accident.Asuffered from Bsuffered ofCsuffered Dsuffering from4He spoke in such a _ manner that all of the children were very _.Afrightened；frighteningBfrightened；frightenedCfrightening；frightenedDfrightening；frightening5They _ all the dead branches from the tree.Acut away Bcut acrossCcut in Dcut into6The old man was well _ because he was always ready to help others.Athought about Bthought ofCthought over Dthought7The boys only brought a little food and was soon _.So they had nothing to eat.Arun out Brun intoCrun out of Drun off8_ want to take part in the game should sign your name here.AAnyone who BThose whoCOne who DNo matter who9We are _ that a pupil from our school has won a prize in the petition.Aproud Bproud ofCpride Dpride of10The larger flat is almost _ the smaller one.Aas twice large asBtwice as large asCtwice as larger asDas twice larger as1burst vi.炸破；爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生；突然發(fā)作；vt.使破裂，使炸裂；n.(感情等的)爆發(fā)【歸納拓展】burst inton.突然爆發(fā)；闖入burst out doing sth.突然開始做burst into laughterburst out laughing突然大笑起來burst into tears/cryburst out crying突然大哭起來(1)My English teachers humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter.我的英語老師的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以致于每一個同學都會哈哈大笑起來。(2)Hearing the news，she burst out crying/burst into tears.聽到那個消息，她突然哭了起來。【活學活用】(1)Last night the room _ but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闖入房間但沒帶走任何東西。(2)I _ them，thinking that the room was empty.我以為房間是空的，沒想到打擾了他們。(3)He_ on our conversation with the news_ we would have a listening test the next week.Aburst out；which Bburst in；thatCburst forth；which Dburst up；that2destroy vt.破壞，毀滅【歸納拓展】destructive adj.引起破壞的，破壞性的destroyer n破壞者，毀滅者destruction n毀壞，毀滅Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.(xx江蘇，閱讀理解B)當今狼的數(shù)量如此眾多以致于他們在日漸毀滅自己的食物供應。【活學活用】(1)An atom bomb _ a city.一顆原子彈能摧毀一座城市。(2)The earthquake _.地震毀了那所學校。(3)Yesterday he had an accident and his car was _.It needs repairing.Adamaged BburntCdestroyed Druined3bury v埋葬；掩埋；隱藏【歸納拓展】bury oneself in sth.使陷入；埋頭(工作、學習)bury ones face in ones hands雙手掩面be buried in (doing) sth.專心致志于某事be buried in thought在沉思中The UK，for example，is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.(xx山東，閱讀理解B)比如說英國，就在逐漸用光掩埋這些不必要垃圾的場所?！净顚W活用】(1)The true facts _ a secret government report.事實真相被掩藏于政府的一個秘密報告中。(2)She was sitting with her head _.她坐著埋頭看報紙。(3)I_ myself in my studies.In return，I gained great success.(xx安慶月考)Aplaced BhidClaid Dburied 4.at an end結束，終結【歸納拓展】e to an end結束(作謂語)at the end of在盡頭(末)(指時間或空間)by the end of到末為止(與現(xiàn)在完成時連用)in the end最后，終于(作狀語)By the end of last year，we had learnt 3,000 English words.到去年年底，我們已學了3 000個英語單詞?！净顚W活用】(1)It has rained four days _.已連續(xù)下了四天雨了。(2)_next year，youll have been an experienced teacher.(xx咸陽市調(diào)研)AAt the end of BBy the end ofCAt an end DIn the end5a number of許多，大量【歸納拓展】a (great/good/large) number of用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。表示“許多，大量”的其他表達方式：復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)謂語可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)謂語There are masses of plants in the garden.花園里有很多植物?！净顚W活用】(1)Doctors studying the human brain have given _ examples of this amazing power of aphasics.(xx浙江，閱讀理解B)研究人類大腦的醫(yī)生給了很多例子來證明失語癥患者的這種令人驚訝的能力。(2)Quantities of/Masses of food _ on the table.飯桌上有許多飯菜。(3)_ sunshine and some rainfall promise a good harvest of fruits and vegetables this year.AA large quantity of BLarge quantities ofCA large number of DA good many6In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.譯文 _句式提?。簍oo.to.關于too.to.結構的其他用法：(1)too.to.與not或never連用時，不定式為肯定意義。not/never too.to.意為“并不太所以能”。(2)too.to.前面有only，but，all時，only too，but too和all too相當于very，后面的不定式也表示肯定?！净顚W活用】(1)But I am _ to get the best fruit.(xx陜西，完形填空)但是我年齡太大不能爬到高處摘到最好的果子。(2)_，he stared at the floor.他眼睛盯著地面，緊張得答不上來。(3)It is never _ our prejudice.拋棄偏見永遠也不會太晚。(4)I cannot thank you_ much to express myself.I owe my success to you.(xx紹興模擬)Aso Bvery Ctoo Das7.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.譯文_句式提取：as.as結構(1)asas.as.as one can/couldas.as possible盡可能(2)用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞作修飾語時，放在as的前面。其結構是：倍數(shù)asadj./adv.(原級)asI think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.(xx上海，概括大意題)我認為你的建議和他們的一樣寶貴?！净顚W活用】(1)This is _ the other is.這個例子和另一個例子一樣好。(2)I can carry _ you can.你能搬多少紙我就能搬多少。(3)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is _.(xx四川，19)我叔叔在鄉(xiāng)下的房子比我們的小，但是比我們的貴兩倍。(4)After the new equipment was introduced，they produced_machines last year as the year before.(xx鄭州模擬)Aas twice many Bas many twice Ctwice as many Dtwice many as寫作句型公式1Were/Should/Had主語其他主句Were I you，I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的話，我昨天就去那里了。Had it not been for him，all the people on board would have been killed.如果沒有他的話，車上所有的乘客都會遇難。2only狀語(從句)倒裝句Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets.只有農(nóng)業(yè)充分發(fā)展了，工業(yè)才有足夠的原料和市場。3Never/Hardly/Seldom/Barely/Rarely/Scarcely/Little.助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞主語其他Never before has this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.這個城市從來沒像現(xiàn)在這樣急需現(xiàn)代化交通工具。日常交際用語7it isnt my cup of tea：not to be the sort of thing that you like不對胃口的事物；不感興趣的東西Jazz just isnt my cup of teaI prefer classical music.我不喜歡爵士樂我喜歡古典音樂。8cut：said by the director of a film to tell everyone to stop acting，stop filming etc.停；停拍“Good enough！Cut，”said the director.導演說，“足夠好了！停拍?！贝鸢刚n前準備區(qū).1.events；nation2.dirty；sufferings3.destruction；extreme4.track5.useful；useless6.rescuing；trapped7.Electricity；disaster8.congratulate；express.1.run out of2.Instead of3.cut across4think much of5.right away.1.too；to2.as wonderful as3.Those who4proud of.1.Cshelter意為“保護，庇護”；spot認出，定位；dismiss開除；distinguish區(qū)別。2Acongratulations后跟介詞on；celebration慶祝。3Csuffer此處用作及物動詞，意為“經(jīng)受，遭到”。4Cfrightening令人恐怖的；frightened害怕的。5Acut away砍掉，剪掉，其他不合句意。6Bbe well thought of對評價好，看法好。7Crun out of意為“用完”，此處用于被動語態(tài)。8Bthose是定語從句的先行詞，指人，表復數(shù)，而A項后面謂語動詞應為單數(shù)，C項也應是單數(shù)。9Aproud是形容詞，后面接的是that從句，因此不能帶of。10B表示倍數(shù)的詞與as.as連用時，倍數(shù)詞放在前面。課堂活動區(qū)1活學活用(1)was burst into(2)burst in on(3)Bburst in on sth.(突然)打斷，為固定用法；we would.應為news的同位語，應用連詞that。故選B項。2活學活用(1)would destroy(2)destroyed the school(3)Adamage一般指損壞后價值或效益會降低，這種損壞是部分性的，可以修復；destroy指毀滅性的破壞；ruin意為“毀滅”。根據(jù)“It needs repairing.”可知應選A。3活學活用(1)are buried in(2)buried in a newspaper(3)D由后句可知，應是“我埋頭學習”；bury oneself in sth.埋頭于某事，符合句意。4活學活用(1)on end(2)B由句中將來完成時可知，狀語應是“到明年年底”。故選B項。5活學活用(1)a number of(2)were(3)Bsunshine和rainfall為不可數(shù)名詞，故只能選A或B。謂語動詞promise為復數(shù)，因此，B為正確答案。6在農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至是豬都緊張得不想進食?；顚W活用(1)too old to climb high(2)Too nervous to reply(3)too late to give up(4)C句意為：我非常感謝你的好意。too與cannot連用，表示肯定的意思。7接著，在下午晚些時候，又一次強度幾乎和第一次一樣的地震在唐山爆發(fā)了?；顚W活用(1)as good an example as(2)as much paper as(3)twice as expensive(4)C該題考查的是倍數(shù)表達法，其結構應為：倍數(shù)as.as.，故選C項。課時規(guī)范訓練.單項填空(建議用時8)1_our earth，or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.(xx淄博模擬)AProtecte BTo protect CProtecting DProtect2What happened?Oh，a bee appeared on Kates dress，and her sudden_ of cry scared us.Abreak Bburst Cattitude Dexpress3What happened to the priceless works of art?_.AThey were destroyed in the earthquakeBThe earthquake was destroying themCThey destroyed in the earthquakeDThe earthquake were to destroy them4_ deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal.(xx煙臺模擬)ABurying BBuriedCTo bury DHaving buried5Our government are taking firm measures to make pollution_.Ato the end Bput to an endCin the end Dwithout end6There are _ books in our school library；however，_ of them are old.Aa large number of；fourfifthBa good number of；fourths fiveCthe large number of；four fifthsDa large number of；four fifths7It is_ for us to deal with.Aan enough difficult situationBsuch a difficult situationCtoo difficult a situationDso difficult a situation8I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he_.(xx南允一中月考)Adoes writing Bis writingCwrites Ddoes to write9This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May.A/；a Ba；theCthe；the Dthe；a10 Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you._.AIt couldnt be better BOf course you canCIf you like DIts up to you11The place _ interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Din which12The girl cried because she _ the elevator.Ahas trapped in Bhad trapped byCwas trapped with Dwas trapped in13The boys，_ could not reach the shelf，went to look for something to stand on.Athe tall of whom Bthe tallest of whomCthe tallest one Dthe tallest of them14I passed the driving test!_！ACongratulationBCongratulations for youCCongratulationsDCongratulation on you15_ the rockets ing into being，the Space Age began，_ China is sure to play an important role.(xx濟南統(tǒng)考)AAs；when BWith；at whichCWith；in which DAs；while.完形填空(建議用時16)One of my fathers favorite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it！” I couldnt say I didnt like _16_，whatever it might be，_17_ I tried it.Over the years Ive e to _18_ how much of my success I owe to my _19_ of those words as one of my values.My _20_ job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I _21_ what I wanted to do as a career(職業(yè))_22_ I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didnt think the job I took _23_ that much.I couldnt have been more _24_.I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity(機會) to_25_ through the pany into different _26_.I accepted each new opportunity with the _27_，“Well，Ill try it；if I dont like it I can always go back to my _28_ position.”But I was with the same pany for the past 28 years，and Ive _29_ every career change Ive made.Ive discovered I _30_ a large number of different talents(才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being _31_ trying new opportunities.Ive also discovered that if I _32_ what Im doing and work hard at achieving my _33_，I will succeed.Thats why Im so _34_ to be a part of CareerFables.I think _35_ has e and I am determined to make it a success.16A.everythingBsomethingCeverybodyDsomebody17A.until after Cso thatBever sinceDlong before18A.considerBargueCincludeDrealize19A.suggestionBexplanationCacceptanceDdiscussion20A.hardBbestCextraDfirst21.A.determinedBexaminedCexperiencedDintroduced22A.ActuallyBGraduallyCFinallyDUsually23A.helpedBrequiredCexpressedDmattered24A.carefulBmistakenCinterestedDprepared25A.look upCmoveBtake upDput upup26A.situationsBchoicesCdirectionsDpositions27A.thoughtBreplyCactionDadvice28A.easierBnewerCearlierDhigher29A.permittedBcountedCorganizedDenjoyed30A.showBpossessCneedDgather31A.lucky forBslow at CopentoDafraid of32A.think ofBgive away Cbelieve inDturn into33A.businessBgoalCfortuneDgrowth34A.excitedBcuriousCsurprisedDhelpful35A.dreamBtimeCpowerDhonor.閱讀理解(建議用時8)Recently，scientists attending a meeting in Chicago presented new studies showing how food and its production affect global warming.They offered some suggestions for how to eat in a more environmentally friendly way.For many years，scientists have warned us that our planet is getting warmer.If current trends continue，animals may start to die off and life could get very difficult for everyone.The temperature is rising because humans have been releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere，which surround the planet and keep heat from escaping.One of these gases is carbon dioxide.Most carbon dioxide we produce es from the process of making and eating food，the scientists reported in Chicago.The production of meat contributes to a lot of carbon dioxide.And much of meats contribution es from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.The process of making a hamburger，for example，requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and raised，and cows wastes are a major source of greenhouse gases.After the cow is killed，the meat has to be processed and shipped to a consumer，which takes fuel.And most of the cow wont even be used for meat people eat.By the time a hamburger finally lands on a dinner plate，it has taken a heavy toll on the environment.It is believed that the process of making a halfpound allbeef burger adds about 19 times the weight of hamburgers in carbon dioxide.The message is clear：We can greatly reduce the production of greenhouse gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environmentat least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.Nathan Pelletier，a scientist at Dalhousie University in Canada，reported that if everyone in industrial countries ate chicken instead of beef，we would cut the Earths greenhouse gases by more than half.All kinds of meat，the scientists reported，are harder on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes，for example，sends less than one quarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So shifting our diet to less meat and more vegetables may do the world some good.36The text mainly tells us _.Awhat we eat can affect the whole planetBthe way we live affects the environmentChow we can save energy on the EarthDhow we can produce environmentfriendly food37What is likely to happen if the climate is getting warmer according to the passage?ASea level will continue to rise sharply.BHuman beings wont have enough food.CIt would be very hard for man to survive.DAll the animals and plants will disappear.38Why does the author mention the process of making a hamburger?ATo show meat is usually part of a hamburger.BTo illustrate that our food contributes to greenhouse gases.CTo prove making a hamburger is a plex process.DTo suggest a lot of energy is needed to make hamburgers.39The author believes one effective way to fight global warming is _.Awe should eat no pork and no chickenBwe should eat more chicken than beefCwe should eat not meat but vegetablesDwe should eat less meat and more vegetables40Which of the following statements would Nathan Pelletier agree to?AEating pork and chicken is more environmentally friendly.BMeat consumption is the main cause of greenhouse gases.CPeople in industrial countries consume more beef than fish.DEating more beef is a more efficient way to save more energy.答案.單項填空1D2.Bburst(感情的)爆發(fā)。3A答句句意為：藝術品在地震中被毀滅了。因此需用被動結構。4B過去分詞短語作狀語。5B過去分詞短語作賓補。6Da large/good number of可修飾可數(shù)名詞，而“五分之四”應為four fifths。7Ctoo.to.太而不能。8A考查as.as的用法。從句中does代替spends，介詞in省略了。9C10AIt couldnt be better意為：太好了！表示很高興接受別人的幫忙。11Awhich用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。12.D13B由句子結構可知，兩個逗號之間為一個非限制性定語從句，故排除C、D，三者及三者以上當中最高的一個要用最高級，故選B項。14C15.C得分策略經(jīng)典例題_ with farmers in the country in your summer vacation，and you will learn a lot about farming.AWorkBWorking CTo work DHaving worked錯因分析有些考生會認為前面是非謂語動詞短語作狀語，于是誤選B、C或D；其實，前后兩句之間有and連接，說明前面應該是一個獨立的句子，故答案為A，構成祈使句。得分筆記“祈使句and/or (else)陳述句”是一個常考句型。and/or (else)前面的祈使句表示一個條件，相當于if引導的條件狀語從句，而and/or (else)后面的句子表示一種結果。在這個句型中，and/or (else)前面的祈使句如果帶有比較級修飾的名詞，可將謂語動詞省略，構成“比較級名詞and陳述句”結構。.完形填空16B此處something“某事”，指不確定的事情，符合題意。17A本句是“not.until.”句型。18D結合本句中的“Over the years”和“e to”可知此處是指“我”逐漸意識到的過程。19C此處強調(diào)的是“我”對父親的那些話的接受，故選C項。20D根據(jù)本句中的“until”可知“我”在選定職業(yè)之前只是想先找一份工作暫時工作兩三年，由此可判斷此處是指“我”的“第一”份工作。21A“我”決定先暫時嘗試一份工作，工作兩三年后再“決定”自己的職業(yè)。22A結合上一句中的“a couple of years”和本句中的“a few years”可知，應選A項。23D此處matter表示“要緊，有重大影響”。24B本句中否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級含義。25C“我”掌握了崗位要求的技能后又得到了“升遷”的機會，此處move up表示“提升”。26D因為“我”敢于嘗試新的挑戰(zhàn)，所以在公司中被提升到不同的“職位”。27A根據(jù)本句后半句引號中的內(nèi)容可知這是“我”當時內(nèi)心的“想法”。文章中沒有提到“我”需要回答別人的詢問，所以B項不正確；此處顯然也不是給別人的建議，因此D項錯誤。28C“我”當時抓住機會去嘗試，心想如果不喜歡所從事的工作，總可以回到“先前的”崗位上去。29D在不同的崗位學到很多不同的技巧。由此可知“我”非常“喜歡”每一次