中考英語易錯易丟分專題18任務(wù)型閱讀含解析

專題18 任務(wù)型閱讀丟分題詳解（2019 山東青島中考）There are some things that are almost impossible to say to our close friends especially if we want (A) them to be our friends for life. Are you wondering what problems others have?“I cant stand your other friends.”My best friend, Kate, sometimes hangs out with some people that I really dont like. I think they have a bad influence on her, and she only spends time with them because they are “cool”. Could you tell me if I should bring the matter up with her, or if it would be better for me to keep quiet? I dont want to lose her as a friend. Linda“I wont help you cheat.”(B) My closest friend, Kim, has lost interest in school and studying. He says hes bored with the whole thing, so he often asks me whether Ill let him copy my homework. By now Ive said no, but he keeps asking me. I told him, “I think well get in trouble.” but he just laughed and told me not to worry. I dont want to put my grades at risk, but Im afraid to face my friend about this, so I just keep avoiding the topic. How can I get him to stop asking? I was wondering if you could give me some suggestions for dealing with my problem. Mike“No, I CANT do that for you!”Anna is my best friend. We get along with each other well, but she is asking me to do things for her all the time. “Could you help me pick out some new clothes? Would you mind if I borrowed your bike? Can you look after my apartment while Im away?” And these are just a few examples. Ive said yes so many times that now Im afraid Ill hurt her feelings if I say no. Any ideas? Amy51. 從文中找出(A)處劃線單詞 them 所指代的內(nèi)容。_52. 從文中找出與 “I was thinking whether you could help me out with your suggestions.” 意思相同或相近的句子。_53. 將文中(B)處劃線句子 My closest friend, Kim, has lost interest in school and studying. 翻譯成漢語。_54. 根據(jù)上下文，補全句子。Kate only spends time with some people that Linda really doesnt like because _.55. 回答問題。What does Kim often want to do?_56. 完成任務(wù)。Please give Amy ONE idea._【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文中主要談?wù)摿嗽谏钪信c朋友們相處時常會遇到一些另人非常尷尬的情況，你會不能忍受你好朋友的一些其他的朋友的表現(xiàn)；你的好朋友也會向你提出一些無理的要求甚至讓你幫助他做錯誤的事情。當你遇到這些情況時，你會怎么做呢？51. our close friends【解析】根據(jù)前文中的句子“There are some things that are almost impossible to say to our close friends.”有些事情是幾乎不可能對我們的親密朋友說的，特別是如果我們想讓他們成為我們一生的朋友。因此them指代上句中的close friends。52. I was wondering if you could give me some suggestions for dealing with my problem. 【解析】“I was thinking whether you could help me out with your suggestions.”的句意為“我在想你是否能幫我提出你的一些建議”。在Mike所寫的最后一句“I was wondering if you could give me some suggestions for dealing with my problems.”我想知道你能不能給我一些處理問題的建議。 這兩句的意思相同或相近。53. 我最親密的朋友金對學(xué)校和學(xué)習(xí)喪失了興趣?！窘馕觥?closest friend最親密的朋友；lose interest in失去對的興趣，此句是一個現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的句子，故答案為：我最親密的朋友Kim已經(jīng)對學(xué)校和學(xué)習(xí)失去了興趣。54. they are “cool”【解析】根據(jù)Linda書寫的內(nèi)容I think they have a bad influence on her, and she only spends time with them because they are“cool”.可知，凱特只和琳達不喜歡的人在一起，因為他們很酷。故答案為they are “cool”。55. She often wants to copy Mikes homework. 【解析】問題：金姆經(jīng)常想做什么？根據(jù)Mike的介紹My closest friend, Kim, has lost interest in school and studying. He says hes bored with the whole thing, so he often asks me whether Ill let him copy my homework.可知，金姆經(jīng)常問邁克是否可以讓他抄作業(yè)。也就是說他經(jīng)常想抄襲Mike的作業(yè)，答案為He often wants to copy Mikes homework.。56. You can ask Anna to do something to help you./You can have a good talk with her. 【解析】艾米最好的朋友安娜經(jīng)常讓她做各種各樣的事情，每次艾米都答應(yīng)幫忙，擔心說“不”會傷害對方的感情，不知道該如何去應(yīng)對這個問題，因此給出的建議是：艾米要與朋友交談，回答時要用第二人稱，故答案為You should talk with her.。查漏補缺任務(wù)型閱讀之解題方法1. 通讀全文，掌握大意。 首先要通讀全文，尤其注意首尾段及每段的首尾句。短文的首句和首段常常是作者要說明的對象、事件起因、作者要闡述的觀點、事件發(fā)生的時間、地點與人物的聯(lián)系等，結(jié)尾句、段是事件結(jié)論或作者要表達的意圖、目的等。這樣就容易抓住中心，為準確、迅速答題打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。2. 瀏覽試題，明確要求。 在理解了文章的大意及框架結(jié)構(gòu)后，應(yīng)開始深入理解文章內(nèi)容，瀏覽一下短文所設(shè)計的任務(wù)，并細讀與每一道題目相關(guān)的段落，然后根據(jù)文中的關(guān)鍵詞句確定答案。 3. 整合信息，準確簡潔。 任務(wù)型閱讀題目重點考查學(xué)生的綜合歸納能力，很多題目需要學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進行歸納、總結(jié)后才能回答，因此，在確定與題目有關(guān)的語句后，還要對有關(guān)信息進行整合才能確定答案。此外，給文章擬標題類題目對答案有詞數(shù)限制，要求學(xué)生必須對信息進行壓縮，用盡量少的詞匯簡潔地表達重要信息。 4. 復(fù)讀全文，核對答案。 這是至關(guān)重要的一步。在此階段中，要用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)帥各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。審核時，要結(jié)合在閱讀和答題中所得到的信息重新讀短文，檢查答案，看是否前后一致、意義和語言知識是否和原文相同，是否符合邏輯等。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)前后矛盾、遺漏要點等錯誤，要立即糾正。任務(wù)型閱讀之解題注意事項1、重視語言知識，抓好語言基本功。 任務(wù)型閱讀屬于讀寫并重的綜合性試題，它增強了對語言知識的考查力度，從簡單的填寫單詞到回答問題，都要求學(xué)生在詞匯、句法、語法等方面具有扎實的基本功。因此，學(xué)生在日常學(xué)習(xí)中要以課程標準為依據(jù)，依托教材，扎扎實實地夯實自己的語言知識。（1）豐富詞匯知識，及時歸納拓展詞匯的用法。（2）講解、分析各種句法，并通過多種形式的操練如：簡單句和復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換，更改句子主語，把幾個簡單句改寫為一個簡單句等形式，讓學(xué)生能對基礎(chǔ)知識舉一反三，熟練運用。（3）要在語境中呈現(xiàn)語法項目，并能靈活運用。 2、加強閱讀訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣。 （1）培養(yǎng)學(xué)生帶著問題讀文章的習(xí)慣。做閱讀理解類題目時應(yīng)結(jié)合文章后面所設(shè)問題進行閱讀，邊閱讀邊 選出考察表層問題的答案，并確定與考察深層含義有關(guān)的段落，為之后的細讀打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。（2）培養(yǎng)學(xué)生整體把握篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。在閱讀訓(xùn)練中，要注重整體閱讀，加強文章結(jié)構(gòu)的分析和理解訓(xùn)練。要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，由篇章到層次到段落到細節(jié)，逐步分析，讓學(xué)生學(xué)會總結(jié)中心思想、挖掘文章的要點及搞清作者的觀點。同時，在嘗試給文章添加標題的過程中，有效地訓(xùn)練學(xué)生整體把握篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。冰凍三尺非一日之寒。扎實的語言基礎(chǔ)來自于平時嚴格的基本功訓(xùn)練和長期的知識積累。只要平時刻苦用功，打下扎實的英語知識基礎(chǔ)，并掌握科學(xué)的答題方法，一定會攻克任務(wù)型閱讀這類題目。中考題演練A(2019四川成都)補全短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A-F選項中，選出5個適合的選項補全短文。 Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop. One of the best things we do is to plant more trees. Trees can take in CO2 in the air and stop global warming. 1 A team of scientist at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earths green vegetation(植被). They used a special NASA camera and found that global leaf area had increased by 5 percent since the early 2000s. 2 Thats about one -quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest. The growth mainly came from Chinas forest protection programs, NASA said. For example, since 1962, China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province.It was once a desert. 3 4 Ant Forest, a feature in Alipay app, gives users points for doing eco-friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office. Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual(虛擬的）tress. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. 5 A. More than 55million trees have been planted in this way.B. The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently.C. And China was responsible for 25% of that grain, according to the study.D. However, people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now.E. But now, China has turned the area into the countrys largest man-made forest.F. According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening” the world.【文章大意】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要描述了在環(huán)保方面，中國在世界范圍內(nèi)取得了一定的成就。1. F 【解析】通過分析所給選項及上下文可知，此空起承上“啟下作用”，而下文主要講述了中國在環(huán)保方面所取得的成就，故F項，句意為“根據(jù)一份新聞報告，中國在“綠化”全世界這方面作出了很好的成就”符合語境。 2. C 【解析】由所填空的下一句“Thats about one -quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest.”可知上文應(yīng)填表示與數(shù)量相關(guān)的句子。選項中A、C兩項與數(shù)量描述有關(guān)，而A 項與上文毫無聯(lián)系，故選C。3. E【解析】由上一句“It was once a desert.”中的時間狀語once可知，下一句應(yīng)描述現(xiàn)在的情況，故選E。4. B【解析】結(jié)合選項及此段主旨旨在描述中國人民也參與了這項活動可知，B項為最佳選項。5. A【解析】通過上文可知，人們在應(yīng)用程序螞蟻森林上的消費積分達到一定數(shù)值時，阿里巴巴公司會在線下種植真正的樹木，故A項（目前，已超過550000000棵樹以這樣的方式被種植。）符合語境。B (2019天津中考)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子。Friends are an important part of our lives. We spend time with them, have fun together, and share our opinions, feelings and even secrets. Life would be boring without friends. Friends influence who we are, help us learn, support (支持) us in good and bad times, and care for us even when we are not happy.Often, we have many happy moments with our friends. We need someone share things with to make them more enjoyable. Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling. That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing (維持) a close group of friends.It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether (無論) it is about a sad or happy subject. In good times, it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone. It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience. Friends are important pillars (中心人物) of support.Friends teach us important lessons. No one person is the same. As time goes by, we learn to respect one anothers differences. This acceptance of others differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives, such as new family members, neighbors and new friends.71. Life _ without friends.72. Being lonely for long periods of time _.73. It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether _.74. You need someone to support you if _.75. No one person is the same, so we should _.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，文中主要就如何與朋友更好地相處提出了幾點建議。71. would be boring【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Life would be boring without friends.”可知，生活沒有朋友就會無聊?？崭裉帉?yīng)“would be boring”。72. is not a great feeling【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling.”可知，長時間的孤獨不是什么好的感受。空格處對應(yīng)“is not a great feeling”。73. it is about a sad or happy subject 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句“It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether it is about a sad or happy subject.”可知，此處指“不管是有關(guān)不開心或者開心的話題”?？崭裉帉?yīng)“it is about a sad or happy subject”。74. you have just had an unpleasant experience【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience.”可知，如果你剛經(jīng)歷了一段不愉快的經(jīng)歷，有人支持你也很重要。空格處對應(yīng)“you have just had an unpleasant experience”.75. (learn to) respect one anothers differences 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“No one person is the same. As time goes by, we learn to respect one anothers differences.”可知，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會尊重另一個人的差異。空格處對應(yīng)“(learn to) respect one anothers differences”。C（2019 浙江省溫州市）I live in Mentone, a quiet, simple, restful place, where the rich never come. I met Theophile Magnan, a retired, rich, old man from Lyons yesterday. In the Hotel des Anglais. Theophile looked sad and dreamy, and didn't talk with anybody else. which brought me back to the past.A long time ago, Francois Millet. Claude, Carl and I were young artists - very young artists - in fact.Yes, Francois Millet. the great French artist, was my friend.Millet wasnt any greater than we were at that time. He didn't have any fame, even in his own village.We were all poor though we had stacks and stacks of as good pictures as anybody in Europe painted. Once a person ever offered four francs for Millets "Angelus" which he intended to sell for eight.It was a fact in human history that a great artist would never be acknowledged* until after he was starved and dead. His pictures climbed to high prices after his death.Then we made a decision that one of us must die, to save the others and himself.Millet was elected, elected to die.During the next three months Millet painted with all his might, enlarged his stock all he could, not pictures, no! sketches, studies, parts of studies, fragments of studies, of course, with his cipher * on them. They were the things to be sold.Carl went to Paris to start the work of building up Millet's name. Claude and I went to sell Millet's small pictures and to build up his name as well.We made Millet a master. I always said to my customer, "I am a fool to sell a picture of Francois Millet's at all, for he is not going to live three months, and when he dies his pictures can't be had for love or money. " Claude and I took care to spread that little fact as far as we could.Carl made friends with the correspondents, and got Millet's condition reported to England and all over the continent, and America, and everywhere.The sad end came at last, Millet died, not really. He became Theophile Magnan.The pictures went up. There's a man in Paris today who owns seventy Millet pictures. He paid us two million francs for them. Do you still remember the "Angelus"? Carl sold it for twenty-two hundred francs. And as for the bushels of sketches and studies which Millet produced in the last six weeks, well, it would astonish you to know the figure we sell them at nowadays. We are no longer artists and Millet dead.37. ''Why did the four friends decide to elect one of them to die? A. They wanted to be rich.B. They wanted to be famous. C. They wanted to save money.D. They wanted to be respected.38. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage? A. The writer lives a busy life in Mentone. B. Millet was finally made a famous artist. C. Millet painted best among the four friends. D. The story was written in memory of Millet.39. What made the four friends' plan succeed? A. That they didn't want to be artists any longer. B. That Millet's pictures were sold at very high prices. C. People's attitude towards the artists who were starving. D. People's desire to own precious art works at low prices.40. Is Millet living or dead? Why?（請用約40詞回答）_【文章大意】本文講述的是作者和他的幾位朋友都是非常年輕的藝術(shù)家，雖然他們有一堆的好畫，但是卻賣不了高價。他們知道一個偉大的藝術(shù)家在死后，他的畫可以賣到很高的價格，所以他們當中的Millet被選中了死亡。他們到處宣傳Millet快要死的消息，終于Millet成了大師，他的畫也賣到了很高的價格。37. A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的信息It was a fact in human history that a great artist would never be acknowledged until after he was starved and dead. His pictures climbed to high prices after his death.以及Then we made a decision that one of us must die, to save the others and himself.可推知，這四個朋友決定選他們中的一個去死，其目的是他們想變得富有，故答案選A。38. B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的信息There's a man in Paris today who owns seventy Millet pictures. He paid us two million francs for them. Do you still remember the "Angelus"? Carl sold it for twenty-two hundred francs. And as for the bushels of sketches and studies which Millet produced in the last six weeks, well, it would astonish you to know the figure we sell them at nowadays.可推知Millet最終成為了著名的藝術(shù)家，故答案選B。39. D 【解析】理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，通常一個偉大的藝術(shù)家在死后，他的畫可以賣到很高的價格，作者和他的朋友到處宣傳讓Millet成為大師，并且說他活不過三個月了，那么他的畫也就成為了珍品，所以人們是想以低廉的價格擁有珍貴的藝術(shù)品；故答案選D。40. Millet is living. In order to sell his pictures at high prices. he pretended to be dead. He continues to live in the world with a new name Theophile Magnan. (30詞) Millet is dead. There is no famous artist called Millet living in the world any longer. He only lives in people's memory. Everything related to the artist Millet has become history. (31詞) Millet is living. He just pretended to be dead and took a new name Theophile Magnan. To some extent, he is dead. There is no famous artist called Millet living in the world any longer. Everything related to the artist Millet has become history. (45詞)【解析】理解歸納題。題意：Millet是死的還是活的？為什么？通過對整篇文章的理解，我們可以理解為Millet是活的，為了他的畫賣個高價錢，他只是假裝死了，取了個新名字繼續(xù)活在世界上，但在某種程度上他已經(jīng)死了，因為世界上再也沒有著名的藝術(shù)家Millet了，與Millet有關(guān)的一切已經(jīng)成為了歷史。我們也可以理解為Millet是真的死了，世界上再也沒有藝術(shù)家Millet了，他只活在人們的記憶里。故答案可以為：Millet is living. In order to sell his pictures at high prices. he pretended to be dead. He continues to live in the world with a new name Theophile Magnan。 Millet is dead. There is no famous artist called Millet living in the world any longer. He only lives in people's memory. Everything related to the artist Millet has become history。 Millet is living. He just pretended to be dead and took a new name Theophile Magnan. To some extent, he is dead. There is no famous artist called Millet living in the world any longer. Everything related to the artist Millet has become history。D (2019浙江臺州)假如你是Greenhill School的交換生，你將參與該校的一項野營活動，請根據(jù)校方提供的相關(guān)信息補全一封給家長的信。(每空一詞) Outdoor Education CampDear Parents . Our Outdoor Education Camp is just around the corner! We are excited to be going tocamp so that students can better 71 a sense of teamwork and community. Students will be improving their communication, problem- solving, and cooperation skills. as well as continuing to build self- confidence. While at camp students will join in classes and activities on the 72 course. We will start in the low ropes, and progress to the high ropes. The camp will last for three days in Red Valley, Colorado. Students need to be at school at 7 a,m. on July 28th. Theyll 73 at 7 p.m.on July 30th. The Parent Committee have made a great effort to raise some money. So the cost of the camp is 74 dollars for each student. Thanks for your support about the camp. If you have questions, please feel free to 75 Ms. Miller at marymiller yahoo. com or call her at 631 -25897. Sincerely,Ms. Miller【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章以給家長一封信的形式介紹對野外夏令營具體流程和安排。71. develop 【解析】句意：夏令營的目的就是更好地培養(yǎng)孩子們的團隊精神和團隊意識。由圖表可知，其目的就是develop a sense of teamwork and community。故填develop。72. rope 【解析】由圖表可知，在夏令營中，孩子可以參加課內(nèi)外的跳繩活動，故填rope。73. return 【解析】句意：他們將在七月30號下午7點。根據(jù)圖表可知，他們將在七月30號下午7點返程，故填return。74. 270【解析】句意：夏令營的費用是每個孩子美元。由圖表可知是270美元。75. email 【解析】句意：如果你有問題，請抽空給Ms. Miller發(fā)郵件或者撥打電話。由圖表可知，故用email。模擬題檢測A（2019·山東濟南中考模擬） 61 There are ice hotels in Sweden, Canada, Finland, Norway, and Romania. Ice hotels have existed for only forty years, yet they are very popular tourist destinations. With their great beauty and all they have to offer, one cant help but view these icy buildings as symbols. They are symbols of what modern travelers value.Dependability and ComfortIce hotels are made of ice, snow, and “snice”, a material that has characteristics of both snow and ice. The hotels are built at the start of winter. Snice keeps the ice houses insulated(隔熱的) so well that they can be used as hotels for at least 3-4 months. The hallways, walls, ceilings, tables, doors, and beds are made of ice. 62 Of course, they have comfortable bathrooms.Beauty and Innovation 63 Many hotels with great art styles are created. The hotels offer a range of rooms and suites(套房). The hotel in Sweden has Art Suites. These are hand-carved rooms with detailed ice sculptures, tables, and doors. 64 They are worth paying so much. Archways and hallways of the suites are lit up with colorful lights, creating a dreamy effect. Even the outside of the hotel looks icy and magical. Technology plays a role in making the hotel look edgy and modern each year.Adventure, Entertainment and Variety 65 They reach below-freezing temperatures. They can travel through ice mazes, slip on ice slides, take ice sculpting courses, go on hikes, and so much more.AThe hotel only offers Art Suites at the beginning of the winter.BThe beds have added comfort from pillows, quilts, and sleeping bags that the hotels provide.CThe Art Suites are among the most expensive rooms at the ice hotel.DHave you ever thought about staying in an ice hotel.E. You wont feel cold while staying in the icy rooms.F. Many artists join the ice hotel building teams each winter.G. When visiting an ice hotel, guests have a chance to sleep in the very cold rooms.【文章大意】本文介紹了瑞典、加拿大、芬蘭、挪威和羅馬尼亞都有冰上酒店。酒店提供的枕頭、被子和睡袋使這些床增加了舒適感。每年冬天，許多藝術(shù)家都會加入冰上酒店的建筑團隊。這樣許多藝術(shù)風格很好的酒店被建造出來。藝術(shù)套房是冰上酒店最昂貴的房間之一。參觀冰上酒店時，客人有機會睡在非常寒冷的房間里。61D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文的句子There are ice hotels in Sweden, Canada, Finland, Norway, and Romania. 瑞典、加拿大、芬蘭、挪威和羅馬尼亞都有冰上酒店。可知，上文應(yīng)該提到冰上旅館，結(jié)合所給的選項可知，選擇Have you ever thought about staying in an ice hotel. 你想過住在冰上旅館嗎？符合語境。故選D。62B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文的句子Of course, they have comfortable bathrooms. 當然，他們有舒適的浴室?？芍衔膽?yīng)該提到酒店提供的枕頭、被子和睡袋帶來的舒適感。結(jié)合所給的選項可知，選擇The beds have added comfort from pillows, quilts, and sleeping bags that the hotels provide. 酒店提供的枕頭、被子和睡袋使這些床增加了舒適感。符合語境。故選B。63F細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文的句子Many hotels with great art styles are created. 許多藝術(shù)風格很好的酒店被建造出來?？芍衔膽?yīng)該提到許多藝術(shù)風格很好的酒店被建造出來的原因，結(jié)合所給的選項可知，選擇Many artists join the ice hotel building teams each winter. 每年冬天，許多藝術(shù)家都會加入冰上酒店的建筑團隊。符合語境。故選F。64C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文的句子They are worth paying so much. Archways and hallways of the suites are lit up with colorful lights, creating a dreamy effect. 他們值得付出這么多。套房的拱門和走廊都用彩燈照亮，創(chuàng)造出夢幻般的效果?？芍?，上文應(yīng)該提到藝術(shù)套房的情況。結(jié)合所給的選項可知，選擇The Art Suites are among the most expensive rooms at the ice hotel. 藝術(shù)套房是冰上酒店最昂貴的房間之一。符合語境。故選C。65G細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文的句子They reach below-freezing temperatures. 它們的溫度低于冰點?？芍?，上文應(yīng)該提到冰上酒店的房間溫度，結(jié)合所給的選項可知，選擇When visiting an ice hotel, guests have a chance to sleep in the ve