2020年中考英語易錯易丟分 專題14 賓語從句和定語從句（含解析）

賓語從句和定語從句丟分題詳解【2019 四川省涼山州】Simon, you look smart in the T-shirt. Could you tell me _ it? OK. I bought it in a store online. A. where you bought B. where do you buy C. when you buy D. when did you buy【參考答案】【試題解析】句意：西蒙，你穿這件T恤看起來很帥。你能告訴我你在哪里買的嗎？好的。我是在網(wǎng)上的一家商店買的。賓語從句中，從句通常用陳述語序，排除B、D。從I bought it in a store online. 判斷句子詢問在哪里買的，用where 引導(dǎo)。故選A。丟分探因此題考查賓語從句，學(xué)生想做對賓語從句的題，必須掌握住三個(gè)原則：一、賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序；二、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)和主句保持一致；三、選擇正確的賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。此題中A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)都是陳述語序，根據(jù)句意可知此處問的是他在哪里買的衣服，故選where作引導(dǎo)詞。查漏補(bǔ)缺賓語從句的種類賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是是否。I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.【辨析】賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞的作用例句that無意義，只起連接作用，?？墒÷訦e said （that） Kate was good at swimming.他說凱特擅長游泳。what，which，who，whose，whom等連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等I dont know what they are going to do. 我不知道他們打算干什么。when，where，why，how等連接副詞在從句中作狀語Could you tell me where you are from?你能告訴我你來自哪嗎？if，whether意為是否，不作句子成分，但不能省略He asked me if she was a teacher.他問我她是否是一位老師?！镜淅縒e dont know _.It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B. if he lives hereC. where he comes from D. which country is he from【答案】C【解析】該題考查的是賓語從句的語序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知：他們說的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語序不對，只有C正確。賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序，即按照主語、謂語的順序。1. 陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.Please tell me when well have the meeting.2. 一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。Does he work hard? I wonder. I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave? I dont know. I dont know when he left.Do you know what Kates e-mail address is? Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?【典例】Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A. where does she live B. Where she livesC. where did she live D. where she lived【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。賓語從句主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問題。1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），那么賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that hell leave for New York tomorrrow. I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?【典例】1. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come homeB. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the filmD. why he didnt watch the game【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和一般過去時(shí)。2. I dont know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would the train leave D. the train leave【答案】B【解析】該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B項(xiàng)在語序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。2. 如果主句是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么賓語從句一定要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)）。He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the US soon.3. 如果賓語從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.He told me that the earth is round. 【特別提醒】否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think，believe，suppose等詞時(shí)，要將從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I dont think he will come with you. 我認(rèn)為他不會和你一起來。方法技巧賓語從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that；一般疑問是否(if，whether)替;特殊問句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問詞。二是時(shí)態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意；主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。三是語序要記清，從句永保陳述序。丟分題詳解 【2019 吉林省中考】Mr. Brown is a teacher _ is strict with all is students.A. whichB. whoC. where【參考答案】B【試題解析】句意布朗是一個(gè)對所有的學(xué)生都嚴(yán)格的老師。本題考查定語從句。A.指物，在從句中作主語或賓語；B.指人，在從句中作主語或賓語；C.表示地方，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。本句話中先行詞為a teacher，指人，在從句中作主語，故選B。丟分探因做定語從句的題時(shí)，可先將先行詞還原到句中。其次選擇關(guān)系詞，要先看先行詞指人、指物還是既指人又指物。二要看從句中做何種成分，從而做出正確的判斷。一、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞有六個(gè)，聽我逐一來說破；which表物人用who，人物都有that顧；which用在逗號后，意表前句你要know；who作主語很稱職，whom用到賓語里。二、that用法that用法真有趣，兩個(gè)地方它不去；逗號后邊它不去，介詞之后不考慮。that和which的區(qū)別that which代表物，區(qū)別聽我來敘述；先行若是不定代，that就把which踹；先行詞前有兩數(shù)，就用that定無誤；先行詞前最高級，還用that必?zé)o疑；句中若有there be，that應(yīng)把which替；先行主中作表語，避免重復(fù)從句里；just， the only，very，same，last其后也要用that。三、四、指人的關(guān)系代詞指人可用that, who，以下情況多用who；those people作先行，there be的結(jié)構(gòu)中；先行指人不定代，從中作主who要在；兩個(gè)定從一起來，不要重復(fù)你有才。五、whose的用法定從之中少定語，whose為你唱一曲；whose指人又指物，所屬關(guān)系要記住。 as和which的區(qū)別as/which在句末，若有否定as錯；句首只能用as，還有認(rèn)知猜想詞；固定結(jié)構(gòu)用as, the same/such/so/as；so/such.that賓不離，so/such.as.賓要棄。六、 關(guān)系代詞用法總結(jié)關(guān)系代詞到這里，主賓表定作用起；關(guān)系代詞作賓語，省與不省全靠你。七、特殊情況只記上邊不可以，特殊情況告訴你；先行用way作狀語，in which/ that /略可以；one of +復(fù)作先行，從中謂語復(fù)數(shù)明；one前若有only/very，從中謂語定用單；定從名從可轉(zhuǎn)換，all that被what換。八、在復(fù)合句中修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that，which，who，whom，whose；關(guān)系副詞有when，where，why等。【圖示】定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that， which， who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where， when， why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法作主語作賓語作定語指人who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 會上發(fā)言的人來自香港。The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的這幢建筑將用作醫(yī)院。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜訪了一位世界知名的科學(xué)家?！镜淅縄 dont know the teacher _ is talking with Miss Wang. A. whatB. whomC. whichD. who【答案】D【解析】所填寫詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞teacher，并在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞who?！咀⒁狻?. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞要與先行詞保持主謂一致。He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜歡打籃球的男孩子之一。He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那個(gè)喜歡打籃球的男孩子。2. 通常在以下六種情況下只能用that而不能用which：（1）先行詞為all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代詞時(shí)。That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要說的?！镜淅縄s that all? Yes. Thats all _ I want to take. A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whose【答案】B【解析】句意：就這些？是的，這就是我要買的所有東西。which，that的先行詞都是物，但當(dāng)先行詞是all等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that；who的先行詞只能是人；whose一般在從句中作定語。故選B。（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which。He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. 這是我看過的最精彩的電影。Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看這些蘋果。你能看到你給我的那兩個(gè)。（3）以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that。Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰？（4）先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which。This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一認(rèn)識的外國人。（5）先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.。We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我們訪問過的老師和學(xué)校給我們留下了深刻的印象。I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。（6）先行詞在主句中作表語，或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)。Its a book that will help you a lot. 這是一本對你很有幫助的書。（7）主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which。There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。3. 關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that的情況：（1）先行詞為that，those時(shí)，用which，而不用that。Whats that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？（2）關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that。This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。（3）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which，而不用that。Tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。關(guān)系副詞的基本用法1. when在句中作狀語，表示時(shí)間。He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他記得他入團(tuán)那天。This was the time when he arrived. 這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。2. where在句中作狀語，表示地點(diǎn)。This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 這就是魯迅出生的地方。This is the place where he works. 這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。3. why在句中作狀語，表示原因。This is the reason why he is late today. 這就是他今天遲到的原因。Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到?！镜淅縄 love places _ the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. in where D. where【答案】D【解析】句意：我喜歡民風(fēng)淳樸的地方。根據(jù)先行詞是places，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，可知引導(dǎo)詞是in which或者是where，故選D。中考題演練1. 【2019 廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)】Do you know_?Yes, well take a bus there.A. when we will go the museum tomorrowB. when will we go to the museum tomorrowC. how we will go the museum tomorrowD. how will we go to the museum tomorrow【答案】C【解析】句意：你知道明天我們怎樣去博物館嗎？是的，我們將乘公共汽車去那兒?？疾橘e語從句。根據(jù)Do you know_?可知，本題考查賓語從句，賓語從句三要素是：連接詞、賓語從句語序、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)賓語從句用陳述語序，可知B、D選項(xiàng)均是疑問語序，所以排除。When什么時(shí)候，是對時(shí)間的提問；how如何、怎樣，是對方式、方法的提問；再根據(jù)答語Yes, well take a bus there.可知此處應(yīng)是對方式的提問，排除A選項(xiàng)；故答案選C。2. 【2019 黑龍省大慶市】Excuse me, could you tell me _?A. where is the railway stationB. how can I get to the railway stationC. where the railway station isD. how do I get to the railway station【答案】C【解析】句意：打擾了，請你告訴我火車站在哪里好嗎？本題考查賓語從句的語序，賓語從句必須要用陳述句的語序，A、B、D都是一般疑問句的語序，只有C選項(xiàng)是陳述句的語序，故答案選C。3. 【2019 四川省廣元市】Jerry asked Mike _.A. where did he come fromB. where does he come fromC. where he came from【答案】C【解析】考查賓語從句用法。句意：杰瑞問麥克_。根據(jù)主句的動詞asked是過去式可知，賓語從句用過去的時(shí)態(tài)，排除B；賓語從句中用陳述語序，排除疑問語序的A，故選C。4. 【2019 湖北省黃石市】I wonder _ in Guangzhou in two hours.Of course. The high speed train is very fast.A. When I can arriveB. When can I arriveC. whether I can arriveD. whether can I arrive【答案】C【解析】句意：我想知道我是否能在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)到達(dá)廣州。當(dāng)然，高鐵非?？?。本題考查賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述句語序，排除B和D；When I can arrive我什么時(shí)候能到達(dá)；whether I can arrive我是否能到達(dá)。根據(jù)Of course可知，問的是我是否能兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)到廣州，故選C。5. 【2019 黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市】Which of the following sentences is correct?A. I wonder whats the matter with her.B. My mother asked me what I do with my pocket money.C. Could you please tell me where is the nearest hospital?【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)要求是以下那個(gè)句子是正確的？A. I wonder whats the matter with her.我想知道她怎么了；這里是what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；B. My mother asked me what I do with my pocket money.我的母親問我如何處理零錢；主語是過去式，從句用相應(yīng)的過去式；這個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)不對，do變成did；C. Could you please tell me where is the nearest hospital?請你告訴我最近的醫(yī)院在哪好嗎？這里是賓語從句，要用陳述語序。只有選項(xiàng)A是正確的。根據(jù)題意，故選A。6. 【2019 甘肅省天水市】The teacher asked Li Hua _.A. why is he late for classB. why he is late for classC. why was he late for classD. why he was late for class【答案】D【解析】句意：老師問李華為什么上課遲到。此句是疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，賓語從句要用陳述句的語序，排除A、C；主句是一般過去時(shí)，受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，從句也要用一般過去時(shí)。故答案為D?！军c(diǎn)睛】賓語從句是中考必考的語法項(xiàng)目，主要考查三個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容：語序，連接詞和時(shí)態(tài)。7. 【2019 貴州省貴陽市】Johnny made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about _.A. how he can make itB. how can he make itC. how will he make it【答案】A【解析】句意：約翰尼下定決心戒煙。他正在考慮如何戒煙。這里是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除BC，這里是how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，how he can make it他怎樣能做到。根據(jù)題意，故選A。8. 【2019 廣西省河池市】My cousin hasnt decided _ this weekend.A. how will he go to ShanghaiB. how he will go to ShanghaiC. how has he gone to ShanghaiD. how he has gone to Shanghai【答案】B【解析】句意：我的表哥還沒有決定他這個(gè)周末怎樣去上海。how will he go to Shanghai他將怎樣去上海，疑問語序；how he will go to Shanghai陳述語序；how has he gone to Shanghai疑問語序；how he has gone to Shanghai他已經(jīng)怎樣去了上海。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里考查的是賓語從句，從句中應(yīng)用陳述語序，故先排除A和C。根據(jù)句意和句中的時(shí)間狀語this weekend可知，這里表示還沒有發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用將來時(shí)，故選B。9. 【2019 江蘇省南通市】Could you please tell me _?With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.A. if the scarf looked nice on meB. whats the new product likeC. that Guilin is worth visitingD. how I can order a robot online【答案】D【解析】句意：你能告訴我怎么在網(wǎng)上訂購機(jī)器人嗎？很高興。請稍等。這里是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除B，這里是問句不能用that引導(dǎo)，排除C，Could you please tell me是一般現(xiàn)在是時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，排除A。根據(jù)題意，故選D。10. 【2019 四川省內(nèi)江市】Could you tell me _ this morning?A. what time you had breakfastB. where have you beenC. how did you get thereD. why will you leave earlier【答案】A【解析】句意：你能告訴我你今天早上幾點(diǎn)鐘吃的早飯嗎?考查賓語從句。根據(jù)Could you tell me _可知，本題考查賓語從句，賓語從句三要素是：連接詞、賓語從句語序、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)賓語從句要用陳述語序，而B、C、D選項(xiàng)均是疑問語序，所以排除。故答案選A。11. 【2019 江蘇省無錫市】Youve no idea _ to build a new airport. Let me tell you, young man. Thats billions of dollars!A. how much it will cost.B. how long it will take usC. how much will it costD. how long will it take us【答案】A【解析】句意：你不知道建一個(gè)新機(jī)場要花多少錢。讓我告訴你，年輕人。那是數(shù)十億美元！本題考查同位語從句。同位語從句要用陳述句的語序，因此排除C/D；根據(jù)Thats billions of dollars! 那是數(shù)十億美元！可知，上文應(yīng)該問的是建一個(gè)新機(jī)場要花多少錢。而不是多長時(shí)間。故選A。12. 【2019 江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市】Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?I dont think _.A. if it comes trueB. that it will come trueC. why it will come trueD. how does it come true【答案】B【解析】句意：你認(rèn)為人類能在火星上生活嗎？我認(rèn)為這是不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。if it comes true它是否是真的；that it will come true它會成真的；why it will come true它為什么會成真；how does it come true它是怎樣成真的。根據(jù)對話的意思可知，這里應(yīng)表示說話人對這個(gè)問題的觀點(diǎn)，A、C和D意思不對，賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該用that，故選B。13. 【2019 云南省昆明市】 In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask _ .A. what was Kunming most famous for B. what Kunming was most famous forC. whether is summer a good time to comeD. whether summer is a good time to come【答案】B【解析】句意：為了去昆明旅游愉快，戴夫給我發(fā)電子郵件，問昆明最有名的是什么。賓語從句要用陳述語序，排除選項(xiàng)AC；結(jié)合句意"為了去昆明旅游愉快，戴夫給我發(fā)電子郵件，問昆明最有名的是什么"可知，主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句要用過去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D時(shí)態(tài)不對，也語意不通。故選B。14.【2019 四川省遂寧市】 Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when they would leave Beijing【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)句意：你能告訴我他們什么時(shí)候離開北京嗎？可知考查賓語從句，用陳述語序，故排除A 、B；主句中的could表示語氣的委婉，不是過去時(shí)，故從句用一般將來時(shí)。故選C。15. 【2019 四川省達(dá)州市】Linda, could you remember _?Have you forgotten we agreed to go to Hongkong?A. where are we going after examB. where we are going after the examC. where are we going to after the examD. where we are going to after the exam【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句意：琳達(dá)，你還記得考試后我們要去哪里嗎？你忘了我們答應(yīng)去香港了嗎？考查賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除 A、C；where不跟介詞連用。排除D。故選B。16. 【2019 青海省中考】I don t know _ we will go. Why not？ We will go to the beach for a picnic. A. WhereB. WhenC. how【答案】【解析】句意：我不知道我們將去哪里？為什么不知道？我們將去海灘野餐。結(jié)合will go to the beach for a picnic，可知問的是地點(diǎn). A. 哪里；B. 什么時(shí)間；C. 如何。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。17. 【2019 內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市】She was so angry at _ he was doing _ she walked out without a word. A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她對他所做的事很生氣，以至于她一言不發(fā)地走了出去。第一空考查what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；第二空考查sothat如此以至于。故選A。18. 【2019 湖南省湘潭市】Can you tell me _ on Fathers Day?Guess what? Well I wrote a poem for my dad. A. when did you shopB. where you goC. what you did【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)句意：你能告訴我在父親節(jié)你做什么嗎？猜猜是什么？我給我爸爸寫了一首詩。可知考查賓語從句，用陳述語序，故排除 A；結(jié)合 I wrote a poem for my dad，可知連詞是what。 故選C。19. 【2019 海南省中考】Sandy, do you know _?Yes, some news about black holes. A. what Tom is searching forB. what is Tom searching forC. who Tom is searching for【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)句意：桑迪，你知道Tom正在找什么嗎？知道。關(guān)于黑洞的一些新聞。可知考查賓語從句，用陳述語序，故排除B；結(jié)合Some news about black holes，可知連詞是what。故選A。20. 【2019 黑龍江省大慶市】The book _ I read last night was fantastic.A. thatB. whatC. whoseD. who【答案】A【解析】句意：我昨晚讀的那本書真是太棒了。此句考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。A. that先行詞是人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語；B. what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；C. whose先行詞是人或物，在從句中作定語；D. who先行詞是人，在從句中作主語或賓語。本句的先行詞book指物，用that來引導(dǎo)，故答案為A。21. 【2019 甘肅省天水市】Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one _ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it【答案】A【解析】句意：你看過流浪地球這部電影嗎？這是我看到過的電影中最好的一部?？疾槎ㄕZ從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，that/which可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，what，it不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，首先排除C,D；先行詞是不定代詞one，前面被形容詞的最高級best修飾，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that不能用which，故答案為A.22. 【2019 貴州省貴陽市】Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. whichB. whatC. who【答案】C【解析】句意：王陽明是教育界的一位偉大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中發(fā)展起來的。A. which關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是物；B. what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；C. who關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是人，根據(jù) educationalist指人，所以用who，故選C。23. 【2019 四川省達(dá)州市】Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A. that areB. where areC. which isD. who is【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)句意：弗蘭克，你看!樹下排隊(duì)的孩子們是誰？ 他們是來第一小學(xué)的學(xué)生?？芍刃性~是children，指人，作主語，故選代詞用who/that，先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)，動詞用are。故選A。模擬題檢測1. (濟(jì)南匯才學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中）Excuse me, I wonder _. Near Quancheng Square.A. where is Baotu SpringB. when to see Baotu SpringC. how can I get to Baotu SpringD. where Baotu Spring is【答案】D【解析】句意：對不起，我想知道趵突泉在哪里。在泉城廣場附近。考查賓語從句。賓語從句需用陳述句語序，可排除AC。when什么時(shí)候，問時(shí)間；where在哪里，wonder疑惑/想知道，表疑問；根據(jù)回答Near Quancheng Square在泉城廣場附近，可知問的是地點(diǎn)，故選D。2. （廣東梅州梅縣義徑20192020學(xué)年上學(xué)期月考題）19.Did the radio say ?A. how the bad rice cameB. where the bad rice came fromC. how did the bad rice comeD. where did the bad rice come from【答案】B【解析】句意：收音機(jī)有沒有說壞米是從哪里來的？考查賓語從句的連接詞、語序。A. how the bad rice came（壞米是怎么來的，陳述句的語序）；B. where the bad rice came from（壞米是從哪里來的，陳述句的語序）；C. how did the bad rice come（壞米是怎么來的，疑問句的語序）；D. where did the bad rice come from（壞米是從哪里來的，疑問句的語序）；賓語從句要按照陳述句的語序，所以，排除CD；疑問詞how提問方式，where提問地點(diǎn)；從文字的表層意思推斷空格指“壞米是從哪里來的”，問地點(diǎn)，故選B。3. （河南省南陽市內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)縣2019屆九年級中招一?？荚?.-Could you please tell me _?-Yes, she came to teach here just last week.A. that she is a new teacherB. when did she come hereC. whether she is a new teacherD. whats wrong with her【答案】C【解析】句意“-你能告訴我她是一個(gè)新老師嗎？-是的，她上周才來這里教書”。本題考查賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述句語序，排除B。且根據(jù)Yes, she came to teach here just last week可知，問的是“她是否是一個(gè)新老師”，that在賓語從句中無意義也不做成份,whether在從句中不做成份,但譯為“是否”.故選C。4. (河南省南陽市內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)縣2019屆九年級中招一模) .Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?A. whatB. whichC. whoD. whom【答案】B【解析】句意“你有關(guān)于科學(xué)家方面的適合小孩子讀的書嗎？”。本題考查定語從句。A.定語從句中沒有what；B.which指物，在從句中作主語和賓語；C.who指人，在從句中作主語和賓語；D.whom指人，在從句中作賓語。根據(jù)句意可知，先行詞為books指物，在從句中作主語，故選B。5. (安徽省桐城市第二中學(xué)2019屆九年級下學(xué)期第三次模擬)I dont care _. In this camp, theres only one hairstyle-short! Understand?Yes, madam!A. what you are used to likingB. what you used to be likeC. what are you used to likingD. what did you use to be like【答案】B【解析】句意：我不在乎你以前是什么樣子。在這個(gè)營地里，只能有短短的一個(gè)發(fā)型！明白了嗎？明白，夫人！此句連接代詞連接的賓語從句，從句應(yīng)該用陳述句的語序，排除C,D；be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事，used to do過去常常做某事，結(jié)合句意可知，答案為B。6. (山東濱州部分地區(qū)2019-2020學(xué)年上學(xué)期第一次階段測試)The teacher said light _faster than sound.A. travelB. to travelC. travelsD. travelling【答案】C【解析】句意：老師說光傳播的比聲音快。“光傳播的比聲音快”這是在陳述自然現(xiàn)象，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。賓語從句的主語是light，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選C。7. (北京市上地實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年九年級上學(xué)期第二次統(tǒng)練)Do you know where now？A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live【答案】A【解析】句意：你知道他現(xiàn)在住在那里嗎？本題中的know后跟的是一個(gè)賓語從句，用正常的順序，故不選BD，本題問的是一般情況，不用過去時(shí)，故本題選A。8. (2019年江蘇省連云港市贛榆實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬) The boy wants to do a project on recycling. He wonders _.A. that she will do something to make a differenceB. if the project can encourage everyone to recycleC. how can she help others to recycle useful materialsD. where can people put the rubbish【答案】B【解析】句意：這個(gè)男孩想做一個(gè)回收利用的項(xiàng)目。他想知道這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是否能鼓勵每個(gè)人循環(huán)利用。考查賓語從句。wonder：想知道，后面一般跟if/whether或特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，可知排除A；賓語從句的語序是陳述語序，C和D是疑問句語序，B是陳述語序，可知選B。9. (北京市西城區(qū)2019模擬測試）Do you know _?In 2022.A. when will the next World Cup beginB. when did the next World Cup beginC. when the next World Cup will beginD. when the next World Cup began【答案】C【解析】句意：你知道下一屆世界杯將在什么時(shí)候開始嗎？2022年?？疾橘e語從句和一般將來時(shí)。賓語從句用陳述句語序，因此先排除A、B選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)In 2022的回答可知，賓語從句所提到的下一次世界杯將在未來發(fā)生，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)，故答案選C。10. (2019年汕頭市潮南區(qū)模擬)I think that “中國錦鯉” must be one of the hottest words on the Internet these days, but I don't know .A. what does it meanB. whom it first used byC. how it became popularD. why do people like using it【答案】C【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為“中國錦鯉”是這些天在因特網(wǎng)上最熱的詞匯之一，但是我不知道它怎樣火起來的。A. what does it mean它是什么意思；B. whom it first u