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1、寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo) (8)議論文
1.議論文是以議論為主要表達(dá)方式的一種文體,它通過(guò)擺事實(shí)、講道理的方式來(lái)辨明是非曲直,從而表達(dá)出作者的觀點(diǎn)。它常由論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證三部分構(gòu)成。
2.它要求語(yǔ)言必須簡(jiǎn)練、準(zhǔn)確,要盡可能避免使用口語(yǔ),多用書(shū)面語(yǔ),可適當(dāng)使用名言警句;以議論為主,輔之以敘述、說(shuō)明和描寫(xiě)等手法。
3.寫(xiě)作時(shí)要圍繞中心論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)議論,即論據(jù)和論證要圍繞論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)。根據(jù)題目要求,有時(shí)需要從正反兩方面來(lái)論述,可增強(qiáng)論證的力度。最后,可得出結(jié)論,照應(yīng)開(kāi)頭,形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。
4.寫(xiě)作時(shí)常以三段式的形式展開(kāi)議論。
?
優(yōu)點(diǎn)
缺點(diǎn)
呆在家中
花費(fèi)少、舒適方便
不能親身了解外界
外
2、出旅游
增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)、開(kāi)闊眼界
花費(fèi)多、旅途不便
暑假即將來(lái)臨,你班同學(xué)就假期計(jì)劃進(jìn)行討論,提出了不同看法,請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文,并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?
注意:1.詞數(shù):80~120(不含已寫(xiě)好部分);
2.短文必須包括表中所列要點(diǎn),可根據(jù)內(nèi)容分段表述;
3.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
4.參考詞匯:眼界horizon (或view)。
The summer holiday is coming.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.
________________________
3、________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
案例分析⊙
這是一篇典型的議論文體的寫(xiě)作,它以表格的形式提出了論點(diǎn)(呆在家中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)及外出旅游的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn))和論據(jù),還以文字提示形式提出了話題(假期計(jì)劃)及需要考生自由發(fā)揮的部分(你的看法),自己的看法可選擇上述中的任何一種,并就此發(fā)表個(gè)人的見(jiàn)解。本文的重點(diǎn)是表格中兩種方式的優(yōu)、缺點(diǎn),根據(jù)題目的特點(diǎn),以三段式的形式來(lái)寫(xiě)作比較好。
根據(jù)內(nèi)容,
4、盡管討論已經(jīng)發(fā)生,但它是就一般的暑假假期計(jì)劃而進(jìn)行的討論,沒(méi)有特定的時(shí)間界限,因而考生應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)為主。相當(dāng)一部分考生用一般過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行論述,這會(huì)失掉較多的分?jǐn)?shù)。從題目所給的開(kāi)頭可知應(yīng)用第一人稱(chēng)來(lái)寫(xiě)。
The summer holiday is coming.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.
Some are in favor of staying at home.They think it’s both convenient and comfortable.What’s m
5、ore,they can save money for other purposes.But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.However,others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons.But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.
In
6、my opinion,it would be much better to stay at home,for I can do what I like,such as reading books,watching TV,and helping my parents with the housework.
近年來(lái),禽流感頻發(fā),一些國(guó)家在疫區(qū)大肆捕殺鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。對(duì)此,你們班召開(kāi)了主題班會(huì),討論結(jié)果如下:
贊成捕殺者認(rèn)為
反對(duì)捕殺者認(rèn)為
你的態(tài)度
1.防止病毒擴(kuò)散、威脅人類(lèi)健康
1.捕殺鳥(niǎo)類(lèi),不公平,太殘忍
?
2.疫區(qū)擴(kuò)大,不容易控制
2.應(yīng)盡快找到疫苗
?
注意:1.為使
7、行文流暢,應(yīng)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),不能逐條翻譯;
2.詞數(shù):120左右;
3.參考詞匯:禽流感bird flu;家禽poultry;病毒virus;疫苗vaccine。
【參考答案】
In recent years,bird flu has frequently broken out in many countries and some of them have killed birds on a large scale in affected areas.In view of this action,our class have held a meeting to have a discu
8、ssion about whether to kill them or not.
Some think it is necessary to kill all the birds.At present it is a good way to prevent the deadly virus from spreading and harming people’s health.The more the virus spreads to,the more difficult it is to conquer.However,others think it is unfair and awfully cruel to do so just for the benefit of human beings.Finding the vaccine as soon as possible is the most important thing.
As far as I’m concerned,catching and killing birds is not necessary.It may cause the birds to die out.After all,birds are friends to us human beings.