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1、寫作指導(dǎo) (8)議論文
1.議論文是以議論為主要表達方式的一種文體,它通過擺事實、講道理的方式來辨明是非曲直,從而表達出作者的觀點。它常由論點、論據(jù)和論證三部分構(gòu)成。
2.它要求語言必須簡練、準(zhǔn)確,要盡可能避免使用口語,多用書面語,可適當(dāng)使用名言警句;以議論為主,輔之以敘述、說明和描寫等手法。
3.寫作時要圍繞中心論點展開議論,即論據(jù)和論證要圍繞論點展開。根據(jù)題目要求,有時需要從正反兩方面來論述,可增強論證的力度。最后,可得出結(jié)論,照應(yīng)開頭,形成一個有機的整體。
4.寫作時常以三段式的形式展開議論。
?
優(yōu)點
缺點
呆在家中
花費少、舒適方便
不能親身了解外界
外
2、出旅游
增長知識、開闊眼界
花費多、旅途不便
暑假即將來臨,你班同學(xué)就假期計劃進行討論,提出了不同看法,請根據(jù)提示寫一篇英語短文,并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?
注意:1.詞數(shù):80~120(不含已寫好部分);
2.短文必須包括表中所列要點,可根據(jù)內(nèi)容分段表述;
3.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
4.參考詞匯:眼界horizon (或view)。
The summer holiday is coming.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.
________________________
3、________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
案例分析⊙
這是一篇典型的議論文體的寫作,它以表格的形式提出了論點(呆在家中的優(yōu)點和缺點及外出旅游的優(yōu)點和缺點)和論據(jù),還以文字提示形式提出了話題(假期計劃)及需要考生自由發(fā)揮的部分(你的看法),自己的看法可選擇上述中的任何一種,并就此發(fā)表個人的見解。本文的重點是表格中兩種方式的優(yōu)、缺點,根據(jù)題目的特點,以三段式的形式來寫作比較好。
根據(jù)內(nèi)容,
4、盡管討論已經(jīng)發(fā)生,但它是就一般的暑假假期計劃而進行的討論,沒有特定的時間界限,因而考生應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時為主。相當(dāng)一部分考生用一般過去時進行論述,這會失掉較多的分?jǐn)?shù)。從題目所給的開頭可知應(yīng)用第一人稱來寫。
The summer holiday is coming.Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.
Some are in favor of staying at home.They think it’s both convenient and comfortable.What’s m
5、ore,they can save money for other purposes.But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.However,others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons.But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.
In
6、my opinion,it would be much better to stay at home,for I can do what I like,such as reading books,watching TV,and helping my parents with the housework.
近年來,禽流感頻發(fā),一些國家在疫區(qū)大肆捕殺鳥類。對此,你們班召開了主題班會,討論結(jié)果如下:
贊成捕殺者認(rèn)為
反對捕殺者認(rèn)為
你的態(tài)度
1.防止病毒擴散、威脅人類健康
1.捕殺鳥類,不公平,太殘忍
?
2.疫區(qū)擴大,不容易控制
2.應(yīng)盡快找到疫苗
?
注意:1.為使
7、行文流暢,應(yīng)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),不能逐條翻譯;
2.詞數(shù):120左右;
3.參考詞匯:禽流感bird flu;家禽poultry;病毒virus;疫苗vaccine。
【參考答案】
In recent years,bird flu has frequently broken out in many countries and some of them have killed birds on a large scale in affected areas.In view of this action,our class have held a meeting to have a discu
8、ssion about whether to kill them or not.
Some think it is necessary to kill all the birds.At present it is a good way to prevent the deadly virus from spreading and harming people’s health.The more the virus spreads to,the more difficult it is to conquer.However,others think it is unfair and awfully cruel to do so just for the benefit of human beings.Finding the vaccine as soon as possible is the most important thing.
As far as I’m concerned,catching and killing birds is not necessary.It may cause the birds to die out.After all,birds are friends to us human beings.