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1、寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo) (2) 提綱作文
提綱作文是近幾年高考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)的熱點(diǎn)題型。命題者通常把提綱作文與其他常用文體形式(如書(shū)信、報(bào)道、通知、日記等)有機(jī)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行考查,使該類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)試題綜合性越來(lái)越強(qiáng)。
1.提綱作文的特點(diǎn)
提綱作文就是把文章的情景和內(nèi)容要求分成塊,以條目的形式列出,請(qǐng)考生據(jù)此進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作。這實(shí)際上是對(duì)考生思路和文章寫(xiě)作范圍所作的明確限定。因此,提綱中所列舉的要點(diǎn)要全部涉及到,一個(gè)也不能遺漏。
2.思維空間靈活、開(kāi)放
為了提高文章檔次,考生應(yīng)在保證內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)齊全的同時(shí)進(jìn)行合理而又緊扣主題的發(fā)揮。因此,該類(lèi)型的書(shū)面表達(dá)具有一定的靈活性,能較好地體現(xiàn)考生的英語(yǔ)思維能力。
3.
2、提綱作文的寫(xiě)作步驟一般分為:審題,明確文體形式;構(gòu)思,根據(jù)提綱全面構(gòu)思文章內(nèi)容,根據(jù)內(nèi)容構(gòu)思詞語(yǔ)和句型結(jié)構(gòu);寫(xiě)作完稿,根據(jù)構(gòu)思的詞語(yǔ)和句型結(jié)構(gòu),按照合理的順序和語(yǔ)言要求,連句成文。注意句子間的正確聯(lián)系,注意詞語(yǔ)的豐富和句型的多樣。
某省已經(jīng)連續(xù)兩年取消了高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試,為此社會(huì)各界褒貶不一。假如你叫李明,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示給某報(bào)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)欄寫(xiě)一封信,就考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試的必要性談?wù)勀阕约旱目捶ā?
要點(diǎn):1.聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)中,聽(tīng)是基礎(chǔ)。
2.沒(méi)有聽(tīng)力,英語(yǔ)考試是不全面的。
3.聽(tīng)是獲取信息的重要途徑。
注意:1.短文中應(yīng)包括上述三個(gè)要點(diǎn),并適當(dāng)增加你自己的意見(jiàn);
2.開(kāi)頭部分和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)寫(xiě)好,
3、不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
3.詞數(shù):120~150。
Dear Editor,
With the development of economy,it’s more and more important to have a good command of English.
___________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
案例分析
……………………………………………….
⊙
第一步:審題。分析題目和提綱可知,這封書(shū)信的體裁應(yīng)該是議論文。論點(diǎn)是“高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試的必要性
4、”,論據(jù)包括要點(diǎn)所提供的三點(diǎn)。因文章需要發(fā)表自己的意見(jiàn),故使用第一人稱(chēng)。
第二步:構(gòu)思。文章應(yīng)該按照“總——分——總”的結(jié)構(gòu)分為三段。
第一段提出問(wèn)題(論點(diǎn)):It is quite necessary that listening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination.
第二段分析問(wèn)題(用論據(jù)論證):
(1)Listening is very important.Listening,speaking,reading and writing are the four basic parts of learnin
5、g a foreign language.
(2)The English examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test.
(3)In communication with foreigners,if we can’t understand what they say,how can we express ourselves freely?
第三段解決問(wèn)題(給出結(jié)論):So we must take advantage of every chance to practi
6、se listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society.
第三步:完稿。根據(jù)要點(diǎn),按照邏輯順序重新組織材料,力求拼寫(xiě)正確,行文連貫,鏈接自然,語(yǔ)言規(guī)范,詞語(yǔ)豐富,句型多樣,語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤,表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)明扼要,慎用長(zhǎng)難句。
Dear Editor,
With the development of economy,it’s more and more important to have a good command of English.I think it is quite necessary that list
7、ening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination.
As we know,in the study of English,listening is very important.Listening,speaking,reading and writing are the four basic parts of learning a foreign language.Without listening,we
can’t get along well with the others.Furthermore,the En
8、glish examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test in it.It also can’t reflect the overall ability of the students in learning a foreign language.What’s more,in communication with foreigners,if we can’t understand what they say,how can we express ourselves free
9、ly?
So we must take advantage of every chance to practise listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
你的英國(guó)朋友正在做一個(gè)課題:世界各地的生日慶祝方式。他請(qǐng)你介紹中國(guó)學(xué)生過(guò)生日的方式。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇短文:
一、通常方式
1.生日聚會(huì)
2.生日禮物
3.生日祝福
二、我認(rèn)為更有意義的慶祝方式和理由
詞數(shù):120~150
【參考答案】
Chinese students
10、celebrate their birthdays in different ways,but the most common way is to hold a birthday party,at which friends get together to have fun drinking,singing and dancing.On the birthday,one usually receives nice gifts and good wishes from friends and parents.Sometimes,parents will prepare a special din
11、ner or a cake to show their love for their children.
Since birthday celebration is one of the important activities in one’s life,it can be done in more meaningful ways.For example,we can buy some flowers or cook a delicious meal for our mothers on that day.In this way,we express thanks to our parents in return for their love.