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1、寫作指導 (2) 提綱作文
提綱作文是近幾年高考英語書面表達的熱點題型。命題者通常把提綱作文與其他常用文體形式(如書信、報道、通知、日記等)有機結合在一起進行考查,使該類書面表達試題綜合性越來越強。
1.提綱作文的特點
提綱作文就是把文章的情景和內(nèi)容要求分成塊,以條目的形式列出,請考生據(jù)此進行寫作。這實際上是對考生思路和文章寫作范圍所作的明確限定。因此,提綱中所列舉的要點要全部涉及到,一個也不能遺漏。
2.思維空間靈活、開放
為了提高文章檔次,考生應在保證內(nèi)容要點齊全的同時進行合理而又緊扣主題的發(fā)揮。因此,該類型的書面表達具有一定的靈活性,能較好地體現(xiàn)考生的英語思維能力。
3.
2、提綱作文的寫作步驟一般分為:審題,明確文體形式;構思,根據(jù)提綱全面構思文章內(nèi)容,根據(jù)內(nèi)容構思詞語和句型結構;寫作完稿,根據(jù)構思的詞語和句型結構,按照合理的順序和語言要求,連句成文。注意句子間的正確聯(lián)系,注意詞語的豐富和句型的多樣。
某省已經(jīng)連續(xù)兩年取消了高考英語聽力測試,為此社會各界褒貶不一。假如你叫李明,請根據(jù)下面的提示給某報英語專欄寫一封信,就考英語聽力測試的必要性談談你自己的看法。
要點:1.聽、說、讀、寫中,聽是基礎。
2.沒有聽力,英語考試是不全面的。
3.聽是獲取信息的重要途徑。
注意:1.短文中應包括上述三個要點,并適當增加你自己的意見;
2.開頭部分和結尾已經(jīng)寫好,
3、不計入總詞數(shù);
3.詞數(shù):120~150。
Dear Editor,
With the development of economy,it’s more and more important to have a good command of English.
___________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
案例分析
……………………………………………….
⊙
第一步:審題。分析題目和提綱可知,這封書信的體裁應該是議論文。論點是“高考英語聽力測試的必要性
4、”,論據(jù)包括要點所提供的三點。因文章需要發(fā)表自己的意見,故使用第一人稱。
第二步:構思。文章應該按照“總——分——總”的結構分為三段。
第一段提出問題(論點):It is quite necessary that listening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination.
第二段分析問題(用論據(jù)論證):
(1)Listening is very important.Listening,speaking,reading and writing are the four basic parts of learnin
5、g a foreign language.
(2)The English examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test.
(3)In communication with foreigners,if we can’t understand what they say,how can we express ourselves freely?
第三段解決問題(給出結論):So we must take advantage of every chance to practi
6、se listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society.
第三步:完稿。根據(jù)要點,按照邏輯順序重新組織材料,力求拼寫正確,行文連貫,鏈接自然,語言規(guī)范,詞語豐富,句型多樣,語法結構準確無誤,表達簡明扼要,慎用長難句。
Dear Editor,
With the development of economy,it’s more and more important to have a good command of English.I think it is quite necessary that list
7、ening test should be added to the College Entrance Examination.
As we know,in the study of English,listening is very important.Listening,speaking,reading and writing are the four basic parts of learning a foreign language.Without listening,we
can’t get along well with the others.Furthermore,the En
8、glish examination itself wouldn’t be complete and perfect if there weren’t listening test in it.It also can’t reflect the overall ability of the students in learning a foreign language.What’s more,in communication with foreigners,if we can’t understand what they say,how can we express ourselves free
9、ly?
So we must take advantage of every chance to practise listening to develop our English to meet the needs of our society.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
你的英國朋友正在做一個課題:世界各地的生日慶祝方式。他請你介紹中國學生過生日的方式。請你根據(jù)以下要點寫一篇短文:
一、通常方式
1.生日聚會
2.生日禮物
3.生日祝福
二、我認為更有意義的慶祝方式和理由
詞數(shù):120~150
【參考答案】
Chinese students
10、celebrate their birthdays in different ways,but the most common way is to hold a birthday party,at which friends get together to have fun drinking,singing and dancing.On the birthday,one usually receives nice gifts and good wishes from friends and parents.Sometimes,parents will prepare a special din
11、ner or a cake to show their love for their children.
Since birthday celebration is one of the important activities in one’s life,it can be done in more meaningful ways.For example,we can buy some flowers or cook a delicious meal for our mothers on that day.In this way,we express thanks to our parents in return for their love.