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山東大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 摘 要 近年來(lái),我國(guó)企業(yè)的數(shù)控機(jī)床占有率逐漸上升,而現(xiàn)有的大多數(shù)機(jī)床切削加工不能滿(mǎn) 足復(fù)雜型面得加工要求。電解加工機(jī)床以其加工速度快,可加工難切削的、表面復(fù)雜的零 件,具有工具陰極無(wú)損耗,加工質(zhì)量好,生產(chǎn)效率高,加工范圍廣等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在生產(chǎn)中起了 越來(lái)越重要的作用。 本次設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容就是五坐標(biāo)數(shù)控點(diǎn)解加工機(jī)床的 X, Y, 向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)和計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控WC 系統(tǒng)。X, Y, 向的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)與數(shù)控銑床相似,參考了典型數(shù)控銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì),在WC 局部放入設(shè)計(jì)上綜合考慮了電解加工的特殊性。在考慮機(jī)床的工作性能放的同時(shí)也考慮了 機(jī)床的安全性能和環(huán)保性能。在材料的選用上選用了不易腐蝕放入不銹鋼等材質(zhì),在結(jié)構(gòu) 設(shè)計(jì)上考慮電解液的密封性,從而達(dá)到生產(chǎn)的目的。 在參考典型機(jī)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合電解加工機(jī)床的工作條件,設(shè)計(jì)完成的數(shù)控電解機(jī)床 可以加工幾何形狀比較復(fù)雜的零件,并能達(dá)到較好的精度要求。生產(chǎn)中可以節(jié)約更多的時(shí) 間,人力和物力。 關(guān)鍵詞: 電解加工;數(shù)控系統(tǒng);數(shù)控機(jī)床 山東大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) ABSTRACT In recent years, the share of CNC machine tool in Chinese enterprises increased year by year, but most of the existing machine tool cutting processing can not meet the processing requirements of the complex surface. Electro-chemical machine tools play an increasingly important role in the production with the high processing speed, processing the parts of hard-to-cut and the complex surface, cathode without loss, good quality processing, high productivity, processing of wide range and other advantages. The design elements include the X, Y, CW transmission structure and the computer numerical control system of five coordinates electrolytic NC machine. Because X, Y, CW to the transmission system is similar to the NC milling machine, we can design it referring to the typical structure of the CNC milling machine with the design of partial consideration to the special nature of electrochemical machining for the necessary changes. In considering the machine performance of the machine we should also consider the safety performance and environmental-friendliness. In order to achieve the production goal, the stainless steel and other materials which are difficult to corrode can be chose easily in the selection of materials, and the sealing of electrolyte should be considered in the selection of structural design. NC electrochemical machine can process more complex geometry of parts, and can achieve better accuracy in the working conditions. The electrolytic processing machine tools are combined with the typical structure. Production can save more time, manpower and resources. Keywords: Electrochemical machining; Numerical control system; Numerical- control machine tool 目 錄 山東大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 機(jī)床總體方案設(shè) 4 2.1 課題國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 4 2.2 機(jī)床總體結(jié)構(gòu)形式 4 2.3 機(jī)床的傳動(dòng)方案確定 6 2.3.1 X、Y 軸向傳動(dòng)方案 6 2.3.2 WC軸傳動(dòng)方案 7 2.3.3 導(dǎo)軌形式 8 2.3.4 齒輪副的選擇 8 第三章 X,Y, w向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)及工作臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì) 9 3.1 X 軸向滾珠絲杠設(shè)計(jì) 9 3.1.1 強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 10 3.1.2 滾珠絲杠靜態(tài)設(shè)計(jì) 11 3.1.3 絲杠螺母的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)計(jì) 15 3.2 Y 軸向滾珠絲杠設(shè)計(jì) 17 3.2.1 強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 18 3.2.2 滾珠絲杠靜態(tài)設(shè)計(jì) 19 3.2.3 絲杠螺母的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)計(jì) 22 3.3 電動(dòng)機(jī)選擇與齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 24 3.3.1 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 24 3.3.2 齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)與選用 25 3.4 導(dǎo)軌的選擇 26 3.4.1 導(dǎo)軌類(lèi)型的選擇 26 3.4.2 導(dǎo)軌的材料 27 3.4.3 滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 28 3.4.4 滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 28 山東大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 3.4.5 確定導(dǎo)軌的參數(shù) 29 3.5 WC向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)及回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì) 29 3.5.1 蝸輪蝸桿傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì) 30 第四章 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 34 4.1 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案 34 4.2 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 34 4.3 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)接口設(shè)計(jì) 35 第五章 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)控制軟件設(shè)計(jì) 38 5.1 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件的構(gòu)成 38 5.2 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件的功能 38 5.3 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件的實(shí)現(xiàn) 39 5.3.1 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)工具 39 5.3.2 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件界面設(shè)計(jì)和編程 40 5.3.3 CNC 系統(tǒng)軟件功能調(diào)試 49 第六章 結(jié)論 50 致 謝 52 參考文獻(xiàn) 53 附 錄 54