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無 級 變 速 提 升 絞 車
學(xué)生姓名：程曉軍 班級：0881054
指導(dǎo)教師：朱保利
摘要
該系統(tǒng)主要是以行星齒輪傳動(dòng)和變頻交流調(diào)速電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速為核心，由主電動(dòng)機(jī)、變頻交流調(diào)速電動(dòng)機(jī)和行星齒輪傳動(dòng)三大部分組成。絞車的工作情況由以下三種情況：一是啟動(dòng)，即啟動(dòng)加速階段；二是正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，即絞車勻速提升或下降階段；三是停車，即絞車減速停止階段。絞車起動(dòng)和停止是無級變速的，由交流變頻器和三相力矩異步電動(dòng)機(jī)組成無級變速裝置，通過差動(dòng)輪系實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出軸的無級變速；絞車的提升階段，調(diào)速電動(dòng)機(jī)處于堵轉(zhuǎn)階段，只有主電動(dòng)機(jī)和2K-H行星輪處于工作狀態(tài)。
本次設(shè)計(jì)主要任務(wù)是進(jìn)行傳動(dòng)方案的選擇與確定，傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)力的計(jì)算和傳動(dòng)零件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算。提升絞車傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中的主要機(jī)械部分是差動(dòng)式行星齒輪減速器，為了提高傳動(dòng)效率，減小機(jī)構(gòu)的尺寸和重量，采用的是2K-H單排行星齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)和調(diào)速齒輪組成的差動(dòng)輪系。在該輪系中2K-H行星齒輪傳動(dòng)是絞車勻速運(yùn)行的核心，因此也就成為本次設(shè)計(jì)的主題了，在設(shè)計(jì)中主要是進(jìn)行以下幾方面的工作：1、傳動(dòng)比計(jì)算；2、齒數(shù)選擇；3、傳動(dòng)的幾何計(jì)算；4、傳動(dòng)的受力分析；5、強(qiáng)度計(jì)算；還有行星架結(jié)構(gòu)的選擇、均載機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、減速箱體結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的設(shè)計(jì)等等。 絞車的無級調(diào)速是由變頻交流調(diào)速電動(dòng)機(jī)來完成的，其主要完成絞車的啟動(dòng)、停止。電氣部件主要是變頻器，調(diào)速系統(tǒng)采用正弦脈沖寬度調(diào)置（SPWM）型變頻器和YLJ系列三相異步力矩電動(dòng)機(jī)組成。對電氣部分的設(shè)計(jì)主要是進(jìn)行變頻器的類型、參數(shù)選擇，還有電動(dòng)機(jī)的類型和容量選擇
該系統(tǒng)采用電氣和機(jī)械組合，集結(jié)了機(jī)電兩大方面的優(yōu)點(diǎn)于一身，使得該系統(tǒng)的總體性能得到很大的提高，從而使得該產(chǎn)品有著更廣闊的前景。
關(guān)鍵詞：差速器、無級調(diào)速、絞車
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
stepless gearshift take-up winch
Student name: xiaojun cheng class: 0881054
Supervisor: baoli zhu
Abstract：Spherical gearing and changing speed by the motor of variant frequency and periodic juice is the core of this system, which is made up of central motor, the motor of variant frequency and periodic juice and spherical gearing. There are three procedures. Now it is described as follows. The first one is to switch on the machine, which means to start the case of acceleration. The second one is well-regulated operation. In this case, the machine can uprear and drop in an equable speed. The third one is the case of deceleration until to stop the winch, which is called straightforwardly to shut down it. Starting and stopping use stepless gearshift. The stepless gearshift device is made up of the transducer of variant frequency and periodic juice and the motor of trinomial asynchronism moment, moreover, the stepless gearshift of is accomplished by series of different spherical gear. phase，timing plug up revolution.
The most important task in this design is to choose and confirm the gearing schema, the operation of the driving device, the calculation of power and driving part. The mainly mechanical segment of this driving system is the different spherical gear creeper gear. In order to improve the efficiency, lessen the weight and shorten the measure of the mechanic, series of different spherical gear, which is composed of 2K-H single-row spherical gear machine and the regulative gears, is used. In the gear course, 2K-H spherical gear driving is the core of operation of the machine in an equable speed. So, that becomes the motive of this design. There are some aspects to be done in this design as follows. The first one is the calculation of driving ratio. The second one is the choice of quantity of gear. The third one is the geometrical calculation of the gearing. The forth one is the analysis about the driving vigor. The fifth one is the calculation of degree. Besides the former aspects to have been described, the choice of the structure of the spherical rack, design of proportional loading and the structural measure of the creeper gear etc. must be contained in the design. The winch’s stepless gearshift is accomplished by the motor of variant frequency and periodic juice. It mainly accomplishes the starting and drop of the machine. Electrical accessory primarily consists of the instrument variant frequency, adjustment-system uses sine wave pulse width modulate（SPWM）transducer and YLJ courses trinomial asynchronism moment. The design about electrical segment mainly chooses not only the variant frequency-motor’s parameter and type but also the motor’s type and capability.
The system adopts the assemblage between electricity and mechanic. It combines the virtues of them, which improves the overall capacity of the instrument and makes this product have a more prospective perspective.
Keywords: Differential stepless gearshift Winch
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