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1、A Brief Introduction to Dragon Boat Festival Can you recognize this kind of plant?Chinese Mugwort 艾草 vWhich festival will cross your mind at the sight of the picture of Qu Yuan? Dragon Boat Festival About its namevThe Dragon Boat Festival is also called the Duanwu Festival. Since it is celebrated on
2、 the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese Lunar calendar, it earns another name Double Fifth Festival.vActually, it has a variety of names in Chinese. List v端陽(yáng)節(jié)v龍舟節(jié)v午日節(jié)v五月節(jié)v浴蘭節(jié) PopularityvIt is a popular and traditional festival celebrated by the Hans, Koreans, Mongolians, Huis, Yis
3、, Bais, Miaos, Zhuangs and others, altogether 27 of the 56 nationalities in China.vAnd now the Asian people, including Japanese, Vietnamese, etc. The origins of Dragon Boat FestivalvThere are a great many of legends about the origin of Dragon Boat Festival. The most popular theory of the origin of t
4、he festival is that it was derived from the activities commemorating kmemreiti （紀(jì)念）Qu Yuan. The story about Qu Yuan has been deeply rooted in Chinese culture and this festival, so it is definitely a very important factor for the origin of the festival. Qu Yuans drowning into the Miluo RivervQu Yuan
5、was a minister of the State of Chu situated in present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period (475-221BC)（戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期）. He was upright, loyal and highly esteemed （德高望重）for his wise counsel kaunsl （進(jìn)諫）that brought peace and prosperity to the state. vHowever, when a dishonest and cor
6、rupt prince vilified vilifaid （中傷） Qu Yuan, he was disgraced, dismissed from office, and eventually exiled. During his exile, Qu Yuan did not give up. He traveled extensively, taught and wrote about his ideas. His works, the Lament lment (Li Sao), the Nine Chapters (Jiu Zhang), are masterpieces and
7、invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture. vIt was said that after people heard he drowned, they were greatly dismayed. Fishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body. Unable to find his body, people threw rice dumplings, eggs and other food into the river to feed fish, hopi
8、ng to secure his corpse. Since then, people started to commemorate Qu Yuan through dragon boat races, eating rice dumplings and other activities, on the anniversary of his death, the 5th of the fifth month. vThis is said to be the origin of the present nation-wide custom, which is the common peoples
9、 expression of grief over Qus death. v But since some of the well-known traditions of the festival already existed even before Qu Yuan, other origins of the festival were also suggested. v Wen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be associated with dragon closely because two of the most important a
10、ctivities of the festival, dragon boat racing and eating rice dumplings, are related to dragon. vAnother view is that the festival is originated from the taboo 禁忌 of evil days. The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the 5th of the month is particu
11、larly a bad day, so a lot of taboo had been developed. Customs vHow do you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in your hometown? Rice Dumplings vRice Dumpling is a pyramid dumpling made of glutinous lu:tins rice（糯米）wrapped in bamboo or reed （蘆葦）leaves. Rice Dumplings v The people of Chu who mourned t
12、he death of Qu Yuan threw rice balls into the river to feed fishes ,so the fishes wouldnt eat his body,every year on the fifth day of the fifth month. But one year, the spirit of Qu Yuan appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile reptail（爬行動(dòng)物）in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then
13、 advised them to wrap the rice in silk and bind （綁） it with five different-colored threads before tossing （投） it into the river. Ingredients of rice dumplingsvIngredients such as beans, lotus seeds（蓮子）, chestnuts（栗子）, pork and the yolk juk （蛋黃）of a salted duck egg are often added to the glutinous ri
14、ce. Dragon boat races vThe dragon-boat races symbolize the many attempts to rescue and recover Qus body. A typical dragon boat ranges from 50-100 feet in length, with a beam （梁）of about 5.5 feet, accommodating two paddlers seated side by side. Today, people hold the race differently from place to pl
15、ace.vHere are some instances. Hubei Provincev1. Along the Miluo River in Hubei Province, the festival celebrators hold a grand opening ceremony before the race starts. v2. At the ceremony dozonds of men in new clothes, with burning candles in hands, walk around boats three times to show worship of L
16、u Ban. v3.Then they carry, on their shoulders, an image of a dragons head to the Temple of Qu Yuan.v4. Finally, they tie red ribbons to the boats and pull them into the river for the race.v5. At the crack of a signal gun, the boats race ahead like discharged arrows fitted to bowstrings 弓弦. Xiamen an
17、d ZhangzhouvIn the areas of Xiamen and Zhangzhou of Fujian Province, a big wooden boat is arranged lying at the finishing line. When race boats reach the line, a number of ducks are released from the big wooden boat into the river for all the racers to catch amid mid （在 之中）thunderous cheers of spect
18、ators on the banks. Chinese Dragon Boat RacevRecently, CCTV held the Chinese Dragon Boat Race around the oriental world, many teams get involved the long-term race during the whole year. And Wujin District got a race division. We can see the powerful athletes and gorgeous teams in April every year.
19、Hanging mugwort plants v It is said that hanging mugwort plants can protect people from ill fortune. vThis custom hangs an interesting folk tale. Towards the end of the Tang Dynasty (618-907) a nation-wide peasant uprising took place. It is said that one day the leader Huang Chao, commanding his arm
20、y, came to present Dengxian County of Henan Province to survey the terrain terein （地形）for a battle. vHuang came across a panic-stricken woman who held a child about six years old in one arm and took a child about three years old by the hand. Puzzled, Huang dismounted from his horse and asked why she
21、 behaved so. The woman replied in a plaintive voice, “The older is an orphan and the younger is my own son. In case we run into Huang Chaos soldiers, I would flee with the older alone at the sacrifice of my own son.” v Huang was moved by the reply, pulling up two mugwort plants at the roadside immed
22、iately and gave them to her. Huang added:“ Tell the poor residents in Dengzhou city to hang this kind of mugwort plants on their doors. Seeing this sign, my soldiers will not kill them. ” the next day, Huang Chaos army captured Dengzhou city, killed the magistrate mdistrit (地方官員）,and distributed gra
23、in from the official granaries rnri （谷倉(cāng)）to the poor. That day happened to be the Dragon Boat Festival; hence the custom of hanging mugwort plants on doors. Drinking realgar ril（雄黃）wine vIt is said that, on the day of Qu Yuans death, an old practitioner of Chinese medicine poured a jar of realgar win
24、e into the Miluo River, supposedly to make drunk the dragon and other aquatic animals which might devour Qu Yuans corpse. vYet the present custom is a little different from what it used to be. At the festival, adults of a family drink it as a prevention against vermin v:min （害蟲(chóng)）and children, who are
25、 unfit to drink wine, have some of the wine applied to their noses and ears for the same purpose. World HeritagevThe Dragon Boat Festival comprising ceremonies, dances, performances, games, and the preparation of food and beverages, is carried out in an atmosphere of harmony that strengthens social cohesion kuhi:n （凝聚力）, and is regarded and transmitted by Chinese from generation to generation as part of our cultural identity.
六年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)課件－ Unit 3 Dragon BoatFestiva｜牛津上海版
