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1、Unit 9 When was it invented?學習目標：1學會使用含有被動語態(tài)的不同句型結(jié)構(gòu)“When/ Where was it invented?” 和“What are they used for?- They are used for doing sth.”來談論各種發(fā)明物的歷史。 2學習理解被動語態(tài)的含義。能夠就不同的發(fā)明物與他人交流看法，發(fā)表自己的見解，并陳述理由。3了解到更多在世界上有重大意義的發(fā)明，并向那些偉大的發(fā)明家學習。一、日常用語1. - When was the car invented？ -It was invented in 1985. 2. -When
2、were electric slippers invented？ -They were invented last year. 3. -Who were they invented by？ -They were invented by Julie Thompson. 4. -What are they used for？ -Theyre used for seeing in the dark. 二重點短語. be used for 被用來做 eg. What is the book used for? 書是用來做什么的？ The book is used for reading. 書是用來讀的
3、 The plane is used for traveling. 飛機是用來旅行的.be used to doing sth 習慣于做某事3. according to 根據(jù)，按照 4. in this way 這樣 5. give sb. some time to do sths 給某人一些時間做某事. eg. The teacher gives the student two hours to do homework. 老師給同學們兩個小時做作業(yè)。 6. help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事 Ill help you leave the island. 我將幫助你離開島嶼。
4、7. by accident 偶然的 by mistake 錯誤的 8. fall into 落入，陷入 9. in the end= at last=finally 最后 10. make sb. adj. 使某人make me happy 使我開心11. sb. callednamed 被叫作，被稱作 a chef called Black. 一個叫布萊克的廚師a doctor named Amy 一個叫艾米的醫(yī)生 12. sprinkle a lot of salt on chips 在薯片上灑大量的鹽13. decide to do sth. 決定做某事I decide to tast
5、e the hot tea 我決定品嘗熱茶。14. notuntil 直到才You cant leave until I arrive. 直到我到了你才能走。I cant watch TV until I finish my home work. 直到我完成作業(yè)，我才能看電視。15. be discovered in 年代be discovered in 地方eg. The tea was discovered in China in 1610. 茶是在1610年在中國被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。16. over three thousand years 三千年以上17. produce a pleasant
6、smell 產(chǎn)生一股令人愉快的氣味18. over an open fire. 在明火上19. in sixth century 在第六世紀in nineteenth century. 在十九世紀三知識點講解1.I think the telephone was invented before the car.我認為電話在汽車之前發(fā)明的.(1) I think 后接的一個分句做I think 的賓語,這個分句稱叫做賓語從句.(2)was invented 是被動語態(tài).(3)invent 做動詞,意為 “發(fā)明,創(chuàng)造”,其名詞有兩種形式:一種為inventor “發(fā)明者”;一種為 inventio
7、n “發(fā)明,創(chuàng)造”例如:Edison was a great inventor, he invented more than 1,000 inventions in his life.2.Its used for scooping really cold ice cream.它是用來舀十分冰冷的冰淇淋的.句型be used for 意為 “被用來做”,介詞for表示用途,后接名詞或動名詞.如:(1) sweater is used for keeping warm.毛衣是用來保暖的.(2) The knife is used for cutting.小刀是用來切削東西的.3.The custo
8、m said they werent salty enough.這個顧客說菜不夠咸.(1)said 后是賓語從句,省略了that.當賓語從句主句用一般過去時,從句也要用過去的某種時態(tài).如:He asked me whom I was waiting for. 他問我在等誰.(2)enough修飾形容詞或副詞時應后置.如:The little child was not old enough to go to school.這個小孩太小了,不能去上學.但enough 修飾名詞時,可以放在名詞之前,也可以放在名詞之后.如:I have enough money to buy it.( I have
9、 money enough to buy it.)4.The potato chips were invented by mistake.由于錯誤,薯片被發(fā)明了.Mistake 做名詞,意為 “弄錯,誤解”如:You have made a foolish mistake.你犯了一個愚蠢的錯誤.Mistake 作動詞,意為 “弄錯,誤解”如:She didnt speak very clearly so I mistook what she said.她講的不清楚,所以我誤解了她的話.By mistake 意為 “錯誤地,弄錯地”.I took his backpack by mistake.
10、 我錯拿了他的書包He put salt in her cup of tea by mistake.他錯把鹽放進她的茶里5.Although tea wasnt brought to the western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.雖然,茶直到1610年才傳入西方世界,但是這種飲料在三千多年前就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了.(1)although 作連詞,意為 “雖然,盡管”,引導讓步狀語從句,我們不能根據(jù)漢語習慣.在后面使用連詞but,不過它可以與yet, still
11、連用;若主從句的主語相同,且從句謂語含有動詞be,可將從句主語和動詞be省略.如:Although (it was)snowing, it was not very cold.雖然在下雪,但是天氣不是很冷.There is air around us, although we cant see it.盡管我們看不見,但是我們周圍全是空氣. Although (he is) quite young, he knows a lot.雖然他很年輕,但是他很懂事.(3) notuntil 意為 “直到才”until 引導一個時間狀語從句.如He didnt go to bed until his fa
12、ther came home.直到他爸爸回家時他才睡覺.6.According to an ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nung discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open air.根據(jù)中國古代的一個傳說, 神農(nóng)帝在戶外的火上燒飲用水時發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶葉.(1) According to 是個短語介詞,意為 “根據(jù);依照”后接代詞,名詞或由疑問詞以及whether引出的名詞性從句.如:According to the radio, it will rain tomor
13、row.根據(jù)收音機說,明天有雨.According to what you said just now, he was right then. 根據(jù)你剛才說的,那么他就對了.(2) 介詞over 在此意為 “在正上方”而介詞above指 “在的上方”;介詞on指 “在的上面”7.Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.一些葉子從附近的灌木叢落到水里.并在水里浸泡了一段時間.(1) leaf的復數(shù)形式為leaves(2) remain 表示 “繼續(xù)留在某處”如How l
14、ong will you remain here? 你要在此地停留多久?(3) fall into “落入,陷入”如:He was drunk and fell into the water.他酒醉跌落水中.三、語法知識1. 被動語態(tài)謂語動詞的語態(tài)表示句子的主語和謂語動作之間的關(guān)系： 1）當句子的主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者時，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為主動語態(tài)； 2）當句子的主語是謂語動作的承受者時，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為被動語態(tài)。 例如： I teach English.（主動語態(tài)）我教英語。 Our English is taught by him.（被動語態(tài)）我們的英語是由他教的。 He speak
15、s English.（主動語態(tài)）他說英文。 English is spoken in many countries all over the world.（被動語態(tài)）世界許多國家都講英語。 在被動語態(tài)的句子中，謂語部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是be + p.p.（過去分詞）。被動語態(tài)的句子有時態(tài)的變化，這個變化反映在be動詞上。也就是說，把一個句子做成被動語態(tài)的句子，只需要寫出BE動詞的所需時態(tài)，再加上所給動詞的過去分詞就行了。當然，這只是指謂語部分而言。我們知道，be動詞作為一個獨立的謂語動詞有自己現(xiàn)在分詞（being）和過去分詞 （been）。那么，下面我們來看看be在各種時態(tài)中的變化形式：一般現(xiàn)在時 am
16、 / is / are 一般過去時 was / were 一般將來時 shall / will + be 過去將來時 would / should + be 現(xiàn)在進行時 am / is / are + being 過去進行時 was / were + being 現(xiàn)在完成時 have / has + been 過去完成時 had + been 說明：1）以上的八個時態(tài)可用于被動式，其它沒有列舉的時態(tài)都不宜用于被動語態(tài)的句子中。2）另外，表中被斜線隔開的詞表示，供根據(jù)具體情況作選擇。弄清楚了be在各種時態(tài)中的變化形式以后，我們就能很輕松地寫出被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)了。 我們可看看下面的實例： Eng
17、lish is spoken in many countries all over the world .（一般現(xiàn)在時） 世界上許多國家都講英文。 Some TV sets for sale in the department store were stolen last night. （一般過去時） 那家商場用來出售的部分電視機昨晚被盜。 He wont be allowed, by his father, to marry Larra. （一般將來時） 他父親不會讓他娶拉拉為妻的。 They would be sent to the army when they finished the
18、training. （過去將來時） 他們結(jié)束訓練時將被派往部隊。 The project is being carried out.（現(xiàn)在進行時） 這個計劃正在執(zhí)行中。 The case was being investigated then.（過去進行時） 那時這案子正在調(diào)查中。 This novel has been translated into several languages. （現(xiàn)在完成時）這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。 They said that production costs had been reduced. （過去完成時）他們說生產(chǎn)成本已經(jīng)下降了。 希望對大家有所幫助，多謝您的瀏覽！
新目標九年級英語 Unit 9 重點詞句講解
