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1、山西省山西省英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)第第8 8講八年級(jí)講八年級(jí)( (上上)Units 7)Units 78 81pollute(v.) (n.)污染；污染物2believe(v.) (n.)相信；信仰 (adj.)可相信的；可信任的3disagree(v.) (反義詞)同意；贊成；應(yīng)允 (過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)不同意；持不同意見(jiàn)；有分歧 (n.)意見(jiàn)不一；分歧；爭(zhēng)論4fall(v.) (過(guò)去式) (過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)倒塌；跌倒；掉落5main(adj.) (adv.)主要地；總體上；大致pollutionbeliefbelievableagreedisagreeddisagreeingdisa
2、greementfellfallenfallingmainly6foreign(adj.) (n.)外國(guó)人7able(adj.) (n.)能力；才能 (反義詞)喪失能力的；有殘疾的8own(adj.&pron.) (n.)物主；主人9possible(adj.) (反義詞)不可能存在或發(fā)生的；不可能的 (adv.)可能；或許 (n.)可能；可能性10they(pron.) (pron.)他(她、它)們(賓格) (pron.)他(她、它)們自己 (pron.)他(她、它)們的foreignerabilitydisabledownerimpossiblepossiblypossibilitythe
3、mthemselvestheir11shake(n.&v.) (過(guò)去式) (過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)搖動(dòng)；抖動(dòng)12salt(n.) (adj.)含鹽的；咸的13tradition(n.) (adj.)傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的14advice(n.) (v.)勸告；建議15experience(n.) (pl.)經(jīng)歷 (n.)經(jīng)驗(yàn) (adj.)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；有閱歷的；有見(jiàn)識(shí)的；熟練的shookshakenshakingsaltytraditionaladviseexperiencesexperienceexperienced16dig(v.) (過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)掘(地)；鑿(洞)；挖(土)17
4、travel(v.&n.) (過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)旅行；游歷 (n.)漂泊者；旅行者；游客18celebrate(v.) (過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)慶祝；慶賀 (n.)慶?；蜃ＹR(的活動(dòng)或場(chǎng)合)19mix(v.) (過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞) (現(xiàn)在分詞)(使)混合；融合 (n.)混合；混合狀態(tài)；混合物digged/dugdiggingtraveled/travelledtraveling/travellingtraveler/travellercelebratedcelebratingcelebrationmixedmixingmixture1參與(某事)2未來(lái)，將來(lái)3太空站4多
5、次，反復(fù)地5醒來(lái)，喚醒6不同意7突然倒下，跌倒；倒塌play a partin the futurespace stationover and over againwake updisagree withfall down8尋找，尋求9奶昔10接通，打開(kāi)11把倒入12取出，拿出13一片(塊，張)14用裝滿look formilk shaketurn onpour.into.take outa piece offill.with.1 people money ？“100年后人們還會(huì)使用錢(qián)嗎？”No， Everything will “不會(huì)。一切都是免費(fèi)的?！?Will people 200 ye
6、ars old？“人們會(huì)活到兩百歲嗎？”Yes， “會(huì)?！?Everyone should the earth.每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一份力來(lái)拯救地球。4 be world peace？“世界會(huì)和平嗎？”Yes，I “會(huì)的，我希望如此?！盬illusein 100 yearsthey wontbe freelive to bethey willplay a part in savingWill therehope so5Today already robots in factories.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機(jī)器人在工廠工作了。6For example，scientist James White thinks
7、that robots be able to and know where they are.例如，科學(xué)家詹姆斯懷特認(rèn)為機(jī)器人將決不會(huì)醒來(lái)和知道它們?cè)谀睦铩? will look like humans，and might look like animals.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像動(dòng)物。8 a banana milk shake？你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？9 do we need？我們需要多少蘋(píng)果？there areworkingwill neverwake upSomeothersHow do you makeHow many apples10Then，add the cabba
8、ge，tomatoes and onion and cook 然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。11Do you know plant a tree？你知道如何種樹(shù)嗎？12Now， the rice noodles！現(xiàn)在，到了享受米線的時(shí)候了！for another 10 minuteshow toits time to enjoy1Have you finished the poster for the party?Not yet.I it in two days.(2015，山西21題)Afinish BfinishedCwill finish2It
9、s said that a college student had a to Tibet with 500 yuan for a month.How surprising！Once you have an idea to go somewhere，do it！(2014，山西17題題)Amatch Btravel CchangeCBpaper【典例在線】a piece of paper一張紙；two pieces of paper兩張紙Where are my exam papers？I cant find them.我的試卷在哪里？我找不到它們了?！就卣咕觥縫aper表示“紙；紙張”時(shí)，為
10、不可數(shù)名詞。若表示紙張的數(shù)量時(shí)，通常用.piece(s) of。paper還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“報(bào)紙；試卷；論文”等。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為papers。【活學(xué)活用】1)Please pick up the Dont keep it on the floor.Apaper Bboxes Cbooks Dbottles2)Can I help you?Id like to have 100 I want my students to draw pictures.Apiece of paper Bpieces of paperCpieces of papers Dpiece of papersABkeep【
11、典例在線】Its our duty to keep the classroom clean.保持教室干凈是我們的職責(zé)。The clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak.聰明的猴王一直為了幫助弱者而戰(zhàn)斗。Sometimes he can make the stick so small that keep it in his ear.有時(shí)他把棒子變得很小，藏在耳朵里。The clocks loud ticking kept me from sleeping last night.昨晚，鬧鐘的滴答聲吵得我睡不著。【拓展精析】keep sb.
12、/sth.形容詞，使某人或某物保持某種狀態(tài)。keep sb./sth.介詞短語(yǔ)，使某人或某物保留在某地。keep (sb.) doing sth.(使某人)反復(fù)地/不停地做某事。keep sb.from doing sth.防止或阻止某人做某事，相當(dāng)于stop/prevent sb.from doing sth.。相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：keep in touch with保持聯(lián)系；keep ones cool沉住氣，保持冷靜；keep.away from避免接近，遠(yuǎn)離?！净顚W(xué)活用】3)Some of the tired students keep their eyes in breaks.Aopened
13、BcloseCclosed Dopen4)你認(rèn)為我們青少年應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)絡(luò)嗎？(2015，黃岡)Do you think we teenagers should the Internet？(keep)fill【典例在線】Please fill the glass with water.請(qǐng)把杯子裝滿水。The glass is filled with water.The glass is full of water.玻璃杯里裝滿了水。Ckeep away from【拓展精析】fill動(dòng)詞，意為“(使)充滿；裝滿”，常用于“fill.with.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“用把裝滿”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程。full為fi
14、ll的形容詞形式，意為“裝滿的；充滿的”。常用短語(yǔ)：be filled withbe full of裝滿；充滿；填滿?！净顚W(xué)活用】5)When I heard my baby girl say her first word，my heart was with joy.Afilled BpreparedCshown Dfullhundreds of【典例在線】They agree it may take hundreds of years.他們一致認(rèn)為這可能要花幾百年的時(shí)間。Over two hundred students visited the farm last Sunday.上星期天兩百
15、多個(gè)學(xué)生參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng) A【拓展精析】hundred，thousand，million，billion為數(shù)量單位，當(dāng)與具體的數(shù)字連用時(shí)，本身不加s，其后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)表示不確定數(shù)目，意為“數(shù)以百計(jì)、數(shù)以千計(jì)、數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)”時(shí)，本身加s，并與of連用，其后也加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。【活學(xué)活用】6)When he arrived at the airport，Lee Minho found that (數(shù)百) fans were waiting for him there.7)Sam enjoys collecting.He has collected over three (百) stamps.8)Its
16、 reported that people throw plastic bags along this street every week.(2015，六盤(pán)水)Ahundred BhundredsChundreds of Dhundred ofhundreds ofhundredCThere will be less free time.空閑時(shí)間將會(huì)更少。空閑時(shí)間將會(huì)更少?！镜淅诰€】People will have robots in their homes.人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人。I think there will be fewer trees.我認(rèn)為樹(shù)將會(huì)更少。Im going to s
17、tudy math really hard.我打算努力學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)?！就卣咕觥恳话銓?lái)時(shí)：will/be going to動(dòng)詞原形，表示“將要做什么”。表有計(jì)劃性進(jìn)行或跡象表明通常用be going to。There will be.There is going to be.是there be句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，意為“(某地/某時(shí))將會(huì)有”。【活學(xué)活用】1)We some robots at home in the future and there some in the office，too.(2015，安順)Awill have；will have Bhave；will beCwill have
18、；will be Dwill have；areWill people use money in 100 years？一百年后人們還會(huì)用錢(qián)？一百年后人們還會(huì)用錢(qián)(幣)嗎？【典例在線】Theyll leave for London in two weeks.兩周后他們將前往倫敦。Well come back after six oclock.我們將在六點(diǎn)之后回來(lái)。She got there after three days.她三天后到達(dá)了那里。C【拓展精析】in與after都可以表示時(shí)間?！癷n一段時(shí)間”，用來(lái)表示從現(xiàn)在算起的“過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后”，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)的肯定句中。通常與go，come，sta
19、rt，arrive，return，finish等表示瞬間動(dòng)作的終止性動(dòng)詞連用。常用來(lái)回答“How soon.？”的問(wèn)句。“after一段時(shí)間”用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去算起的“過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，不可用將來(lái)時(shí)；“after具體時(shí)間或某一具體事項(xiàng)”作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用將來(lái)時(shí)。2)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come four days.(2015，安徽)Aafter Bfor Cduring Din3)After hard training for a long time，he the records again.Abr
20、oke BbreaksCis breaking Dwas brokeDAmore，fewer與與less【典例在線】You can use less water and plant more trees.你可以用更少的水，種更多的樹(shù)。People will have more free time because there will be fewer things to do.因?yàn)闀?huì)有更少的事情要做，人們將會(huì)有更多的空閑時(shí)間?！就卣咕觥縨ore意為“更多”，是many，much的比較級(jí)，既修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又修飾不可數(shù)名詞。fewer意為“更少”，是few的比較級(jí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。less
21、意為“更少”，是little的比較級(jí)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。【注意】the most意為“最多”，是many，much的最高級(jí)；the fewest，the least意為“最少”，分別是few，little的最高級(jí)?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)There will be (更少) jobs for people because some robots will do the same jobs as people.2)在考試中，我們?cè)郊?xì)心，我們犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。In our exam，the careful we are，the mistakes well make.3)Bob knows how to cut
22、 the cost of the project.Im sure he can do the work with money and people.(2015，廣東)Aless；less Bfewer；moreCmore；fewer Dless；feweryet與與already【典例在線】I have finished reading the book already.我已經(jīng)讀完這本書(shū)了。Have you found the book yet？你已經(jīng)找到那本書(shū)了嗎？Not yet.還沒(méi)找到。She hasnt finished her homework yet.她還沒(méi)有做完她的作業(yè)。fewe
23、rmorefewerD【拓展精析】already常用于肯定句中，意為“已經(jīng)”；yet常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，在疑問(wèn)句中意為“已經(jīng)”，在否定句中意為“還”，常放在句末?！净顚W(xué)活用】4)The 3D Titanic is a moving film.My parents have seen it twice Ayet BalreadyCnever Dalmost5)Have you been to Shanghai ？Yes，Ive been there twice.Aalready；already Balready；yetCyet；already Dyet；yetanother與與moreBC【
24、典例在線】Add the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。There isnt enough meat，we need some more.肉不夠，我們需要再多一些?！就卣咕觥?jī)烧叨贾冈谠瓉?lái)的基礎(chǔ)上再增加一些，但所處的位置不同：another基數(shù)詞名詞；基詞數(shù)more名詞?！净顚W(xué)活用】6)If you prefer the red evening dress，youll have to pay (又，再) 30 dollars，because its made
25、of silk.7)Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory?No.I think we need two students.anothermoreturn down，turn off，turn up與與turn on【典例在線】The radio is very loud.Can you turn it down a little，please？收音機(jī)聲音太大，你能調(diào)小一點(diǎn)兒?jiǎn)幔縋lease turn off/on the radio.請(qǐng)把收音機(jī)關(guān)上/打開(kāi)。She sat down and turned up the radio.
26、她坐下來(lái)，把收音機(jī)的聲音調(diào)大了?！就卣咕觥縯urn down表示“關(guān)??；調(diào)低(音量)”；turn off表示“關(guān)掉”；turn up表示“開(kāi)大；調(diào)高(音量)”；turn on表示“打開(kāi)”。turn on與turn off；turn up與turn down均互為反義詞組。注意：on，off，up，down這四個(gè)詞都是副詞，在使用過(guò)程中，當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，只能置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間；當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，既可置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，也可置于副詞之后?！净顚W(xué)活用】8)Could you the computer for me，dear？I want to check my emails.(2015，襄陽(yáng))Cer
27、tainly，Ill do it right away.Aturn on Bturn downCturn off Dturn up A一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1Community is part of education for teenagers.So they should be encouraged to do it often.(2015，山西百校聯(lián)考一模)Aservice Bcondition Cenvironment2What if I did something wrong，Dad?Youd better not it.Instead，be honest.(2015，山西百校聯(lián)考一模)Ab
28、reak Bmiss Ccover3In our class，theres a that when it is somebodys birthday，they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2015，山西百校聯(lián)考四模)Aconversation BtraditionCdiscussionACB4Thousands of foreigners the World Internet Conference in Wu Town.(2015，山西百校聯(lián)考四模)Aattended Baccepted Cattracted5In English，we say t
29、hat sharing a problem is like cutting it (2015，廈門(mén))Ainto half Bin half Cby half6With the development of modern industry，there will be living space for wild animals.(2015，朔州模擬)Afewer and fewer Bless and lessCmore and moreABB7You should the customers some tea before meals.(2015，貴港)But they said they co
30、uldnt wait to eat.Aserve Binvite Cprovide 8Could you please get me some ？Im hungry.(2015，黔西南州)Aapple Bwater Cbread9Have you finished the work?No，not .We are working hard at it.(2016，原創(chuàng))Aalready；still；yet Balready；yet；stillCyet；always；still Dyet；still；already10They got the first place in the singing
31、competition.So they are having a party to it.(2016，預(yù)測(cè))Ahold Bcelebrate CfinishACBB二、完形填空。(2015，運(yùn)城模擬)There is an old English saying，“Laughter is the best medicine.” One person who certainly would have agreed with this is Norman Cousins.Norman Cousins was the editor of a magazine called Saturday Revie
32、w for almost forty years.He also 1 and spoke about world peace and antiwar issues (反戰(zhàn)議題)，traveling to many different countries to share his 2 In the 1960s，after returning to the United States from a busy and tiring trip to Europe，Mr. Cousins got 3 He discovered he had a strange disease that caused g
33、reat pain in his bones (骨頭)In less than a week after he got back，he could not 4 it.Every move that he made was painful.He was not able to 5 at night.The doctors told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure (治療) his problem and he might never 6 the illness.Mr. Cousins，however，refused to give u
34、p hope.Mr. Cousins thought that the illness could be caused by 7 thoughts.He did not want to take 8 to cure himself.Instead，he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness.He began to experiment on himself while still in the hospital by watching comedy shows on television.Mr. Cousins
35、quickly found that ten minutes of 9 laughter during the day gave him two hours of painfree sleep at night.Deciding that the 10 could not help him，Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could 11 his experiments with laughter.For eight days，Mr. Cousins 12 in the hotel roo
36、m watching comedy shows on television，reading amusing books，and sleeping whenever he felt 13 Within three weeks，he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for 14 After a few months，Mr. Cousins was 15 to carry on his work.He had laughed himself back to h
37、ealth.( )1.A.laughed Btaught Cwrote( )2.A.magazines Bsubjects Cideas( )3.A.rich Bsick Clonely( )4.A.stand Brealize Cface( )5.A.dream Beat Csleep( )6.A.go through Blook after Cget over( )7.A.unhappy Bpleasant Csilly( )8.A.food Btime CmedicineCCBACCAC( )9.A.unusual Bfalse Cwild( )10.A.friends Blaughte
38、r Cdoctors( )11.A.begin Bend Ccontinue( )12.A.rested Bworked Cstudied( )13.A.well Btired Cafraid( )14.A.help Bexercise Cfreedom( )15.A.able Bsafe ClazyCCCABBA三、閱讀理解(一)。(2015，福州)Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier？Now，when you go to a certain shopping mall，you can enjoy its free WiFi
39、there.When you want to take a taxi，you can book one with your phone.In fact，all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010.Generally，a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city
40、planning，save money and resources，and make our life convenientHow smart can a city be？Here are great examples that we can learn from.In 2009，Dubuque became the first smart city in the US.The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters.They can detect (探測(cè)) water waste a
41、nd leakage (泄漏) and send data to let the house owner know.The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas.This way，people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future.If people point a phon
42、e toward a nearby bus stop，the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times.The government organized a research team and provided an App (應(yīng)用程序) that collects data on almost everything：light，temperature，and the movements of cars and people.Opening the App n
43、ear a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers.1According to the passage，which of the following is RIGHT？ADigital technologies are used in smart cities.BAn English company first raised the idea of a smart city.CA smart city is mainly made up of free WiFi and phones.DA smart city
44、is still an idea and hasnt come into being.2The underlined word “convenient” is the closest in meaning to Auseful BnormalCsuitable Deasy3Compared to traditional water meters，smart water meters do better in Acleaning water Bsupplying waterCsaving water Dproducing waterADC4The example of Santander sho
45、ws the use of smart systems in aspects (方面) EXCEPT AbusinessBhealth careCtraffic controllingDpublic transportation5Whats the main idea of the passage？ADigital technologies help improve city planning.BSmart cities will make our future life better and smarter.CSmart cities are very common in both Dubu
46、que and Santander.DSpain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.BB四、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用。(2015，淄博)clean，important，shop，little，popular，few，treated，healthy，worry，until，take，homesMany people like to keep pets.Dogs and cats are very 1. pets.Some people，however，keep birds or goldfish.They need les
47、s space and are easier to look after. If you want to have a pet，you can buy one from a pet 2. but you must be careful not to buy a sick animal.It is best if you know something about the pet you want.This helps you choose a healthy pet.However，if you do not have much money and know very 3. about anim
48、als，you can visit the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (皇家防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì))popularshopfewThe first RSPCA was established in England in 1821.It was set up to make sure that all animals are 4. with kindness.The RSPCA in Hong Kong carries out this aim.The RSPCA officers collect animals wh
49、ich have no 5. and are left in the street.They look after them 6. they are healthy again.People visiting the RSPCA may choose their pets from these animals and you can be sure that you will get a 7. pet.If later your pet becomes ill，you can 8. it to the doctors at the RSPCA for treatment.When you ha
50、ve a pet，it is very 9. that you look after it properly.You must remember to feed it on time.You should also give it a 10. and comfortable place to rest.Your pet will be happy and healthy if you love it and care for it properly.treatedhomesuntilhealthytakeimportantclean五、閱讀理解(二)。This graph shows the
51、amount (數(shù)量) of electricity used in a small city.It is clear that the city uses more electricity in winter than in summer.Some people use the most electricity at 12 pm.This is probably because of the high temperature at noon.In winter，people use the most electricity at 6：00 pm.The graph also shows th
52、e amount of electricity used goes up from 6 am.to 12 pm.The amount of electricity used decreases (減少) from 6 pm.to 12 am.1Why do some people use the most electricity at 12：00 pm. in summer?Because the temperature is high at noon./Because of the high temperature at noon.2What does the graph show?It shows the amount of electricity used in a small city.3When do the people use the most electricity in winter?At 6：00 pm.4Does the city use more electricity in summer or in winter?In winter.5Is the amount of electricity used more at 7 am. than at 11 pm.?No，it isnt.
山西省中考英語(yǔ) 第一輪 課本考點(diǎn)聚焦 第8講 八上 Units 78習(xí)題課件
