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1、閱讀理解推理判斷題專練（三）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類A（2017 河南、河北七所名校聯(lián)考）When it comes to writing work emails, there are many rules to follow. In the past, peoplealways wan ted to come across as some one whos calm and professi on al, which workplace mannersexperts say means they wan ted to hold back their love for emotic ons （表情符號(hào)）wh
2、ile on the job.But Ianguage is always changing, and a recent national survey in the US found that 76 percent of America ns saidthat they had used emotic ons in digital com muni cati on at work. The most popular emotic on is the happy face.Lindsey Pollak, a US career coach who works with Millennials
3、（千禧一代）,has also noticedthat emotic ons have gone from being in appropriatefor the workplace to being accepted. The reas onbehind this, according to her, is largely due to the changing of people in a particular age group of the workforce.Millennialsare now the biggest generationin the American workfo
4、rce. “A fewyears ago, emoticons were absolutely seen as very young and very personal，” Pollak said.“Overthe past few years. Ive see n emotic ons become more acceptable. I see them more freque ntly not just from Mille nnials but from all gen erati ons at the workplace.”“ People tend to use emotic ons
5、 to just add that little bit of extra cha nge in the tone whe ntheres something awkward or potentially offensive, or when they might take in things in the wrong way，” expla insLaure n Collister, a socioli nguist. In life and work, many of us have used emotic ons to send positive atmosphere orsofte n
6、 stateme nts.Pollak, however, warns aga inst being too casual at work. Her advice is to be aware of whothe audie nee is. “ Fran kly, I would nt use a happy face with any CEO in the US. I would nt usea happy face with the people of a certa in levelno matter how com mon place and acceptable it hasbeco
7、me,” she said.“You can make or break a relationship with one email these days.”【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，向我們介紹了表情符號(hào)在工作郵件中的使用越來(lái)越流行的原因以及人們對(duì)此要注意的方面。1.What does the author say about past working people?A. They were calm and professi on al.B. They used more serious emoticons.C. They were not fond of emoticons.D. T
8、hey avoided using emoticons at the workplace.解析：D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的they wan ted to hold back their love for emotic ons（表情符號(hào)）while on the job”可知，以前的職員在工作中抑制自己對(duì)表情符號(hào)的喜愛(ài)，即避免使用表情符號(hào)。故選根據(jù)第一段中的people always wan ted to come across as some one whos calm andprofessional” 可排除 A 項(xiàng)。2.What can people use emoticons to
9、 do at the workplace?A. Make it pers onal to com muni cate.B. Keep up with the trend of the times.C. Show a positive attitude to the receiver.D. Help them share their ideas and feelings.解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)尷尬或者可能冒犯別人的事情發(fā)生時(shí)，或者可能誤解了某事時(shí)，人們往往會(huì)使用表情符號(hào)來(lái)稍微改變一下語(yǔ)氣，傳達(dá)積極的交流氛圍或者讓表達(dá)變得緩和。也就是說(shuō)，在工作場(chǎng)合，人們可以通過(guò)表情符號(hào)來(lái)
10、向接收者表達(dá)自己積極的態(tài)度。故選Co3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Emoticons should be used with caution.B. There are strict limitations on emoticon using.C. All the US CEOs are against the use of emoticons.D. Emoticons can greatly help bring people close.解析：A 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的Pollak, however, warns aga
11、inst being too casualat work ”“ | would nt use a happy face with any CEO in the US. I would nt use a happy face withthe people of a certa in level ”“ You can make or break a relati on ship with one email these days ”可知，人們?cè)谑褂帽砬榉?hào)時(shí)要謹(jǐn)慎，要分場(chǎng)合分人，不能隨意使用表情符號(hào)。4.Whats the writers attitude towards the use of e
12、moticons at work?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful. D . Opposing.解析：B 考查作者態(tài)度?？v觀全文可知，作者既談到了表情符號(hào)的流行及作用，也談到了人們?cè)谑褂帽砬榉?hào)時(shí)需要注意的地方。因此作者的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選BoB（2017 河南省第二次統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)）Half of primary schools will adopt the traditional Chinese method of maths teaching in aGovernment drive to stop British youngsters from f
13、alling behind their_Asian counterparts_Youn gsters in the UK are way beh ind those in China, Sin gapore and Japa n in nu meracy （計(jì)算能力）.In the latest PISA （Programme for InternationalStudent Assessment） tests for15-year-olds, Shan ghai ca me top in maths while the UK came 26th.The school will give up
14、“ child-ce ntre d ” styles and in stead retur n to repetiti on, drillsand “chalk and talk ” whole-class learning. Primary school children will be taught“Shanghaimaths ” as British schools copy Chinese teaching methods to improve standards. So far 140 teachers have bee ntrained in the approach.Curren
15、tly,classes are often divided into groups based on ability. Critics blame the Britishteaching styles that focused on applying maths to real-life situat ions in an effort to make the subject more in teresti ng.They say this has led to con fusi on and stopped childre n lear ning thebasics. Under the G
16、overnments new plans, childrenas young as five will have drills to practisesums and exercises, and must master each con cept before moving to the n ext.Nick Gibb, the schools minister, said that trainingwill be provided for 8 000 primary schoolshalf the countrys total to switch to the Shanghai“ mast
17、ery ” approach.“ Weare seeing a renaissanee（復(fù)興）in maths teaching in this country, with good ideas from around the worldhelp ing to cheer up our classrooms，” he said.【文章大意】本文是一則新聞報(bào)道。英國(guó)半數(shù)小學(xué)課堂將推行中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)模式來(lái)提高孩子們的數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算能力，以防止英國(guó)青少年在數(shù)學(xué)上落后于亞洲同齡人。5.The underlined words“ their Asian counterparts_ ” inParagrap
18、h 1 refer to.A. the weak pupils in AsiaB. the young students in AsiaC. the primary schools in AsiaD. the maths teachers in Asia解析：B 指代判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的British youngsters”可知，此處指英國(guó)政府將在半數(shù)英國(guó)小學(xué)課堂推行中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)法，以防止英國(guó)少年落后于亞洲同齡人。由此可推斷出，畫(huà)線部分指的是 Asian youngsters，即亞洲的少年們。故選B。6.Which of the following is an approach of“
19、Shanghaimaths ”？A. Children can choose to learn what interests them.B. Children are given different work based on their ability.C. Children are taught in groups rather than as an entire class.D. Children are required to master a concept before they progress.解析：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，“上海數(shù)學(xué)”要求孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)更深一層的知識(shí)之前
20、一定 要掌握每一個(gè)概念。故選Db關(guān)鍵句： and must master each concept before moving to the next.（第四段最后一句 ）譯文：而且必須先掌握每一個(gè)概念，然后才能學(xué)習(xí)新的知識(shí)。7.Recently, some British maths teachers have been trained to_ .A. in crease the difficulty levelB. con duct “ child-ce ntre d” classesC. guide students to repeat and drillD. meet the need
21、s of smart students解析：C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句并結(jié)合第三段最后一句可推知，一些英國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)老師接受培訓(xùn)是為 了指導(dǎo)學(xué)生重復(fù)、訓(xùn)練。故選Co關(guān)鍵句：The school will give up “ chil d-ce ntre d” styles and in stead return to repetitio n, drills and “ chalkand talk ” whole-class learning. （第三段第一句 ）譯文：學(xué)校將放棄“以孩子為中心”的模式，轉(zhuǎn)而采取重復(fù)、練習(xí)和“填鴨式”整班教學(xué)法。8.What is Nick Gibbs attitude
22、 toward the new teachi ng style?A. Supportive. B . Doubtful.C. Cautious. D . Negative.解析：A 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，Nick Gibb 非常支持這種新的教學(xué)模式。故選A。關(guān)鍵句：“ We are seeing a renaissanee （復(fù)興）in maths teaching in this country, with goodideas from around the world helping to cheer up our classrooms，” he said.（ 最后一段 ）譯文：他
23、說(shuō)：“通過(guò)采用全世界的優(yōu)秀理念來(lái)使課堂重獲生機(jī)，我國(guó)的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)事業(yè)正在我們的見(jiàn)證下走向復(fù)興?！盋（2017 東北三校二模）For gen erati ons, stude nts were taught to stretch before play ing games. Then the practicefell out of favor. Studies seemedto show that such stretchingtemporarily reduces muscular power,weake ns athletic performa nee and in creases the r
24、isk of injury. So most fitn ess experts curre ntly advise aga inststretches before exercise. But now a new research in dicates that they might not be such a bad idea after all.This month, the journal,AppliedPhysiology, Nutritio nan dMetabolism（APNM）, published astudy by four disti nguished exercise
25、scie ntists who an alyzed more tha n 200 studies of how stretching affects thefollowing exercise. In broad terms, they found that stretchingcan brieflypreve nt the ability to gen erate power. So if you reach for your toes and hold that positi on,tighte ning your hamstri ngs （腿筋）,you might not the n
26、be able to leap as high or start a dashas forcefully as you dont stretch.Those un desirable effects were gen erally found, however, on ly if each stretch was held formore than 60 seconds and the subject then immediately became fully active, with no further warm-up.“ Outside the lab, most people are
27、un likely to hold a warm-up stretch for Ion ger tha n about 30seconds，” Dr. McHugh, the co-author of the study says. The review found few lasting negativeimpacts from these short stretches. especially if the volun teers followed that stretchi ng with several minutes of joggingor other basic warm-up
28、movements. In fact, these short stretches turned out to have a positive effect.Do these findingsmean that all the athletes should stretch in advanee before a match? “ Notn ecessarily ，” Dr. McHugh says. “ Runners and cyclists dont have much risk for acute muscleinjuries. ” Stretchi ng before these a
29、ctivities is uni ikely to protect aga in st injury. Runners and cyclists can adequatelywarm up by jogging or pedaling lightly. But he suggests that people who play basketball and other ball sports shouldstretch in adva nee. Those who have nt stretched since childhood gym class might want to con side
30、r con sult ing anathletic trainer about the bestupper and lower body stretches, particularly for the shoulders and hamstri ngs.【文章大意】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。運(yùn)動(dòng)前是否要進(jìn)行拉伸？拉伸時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短需要注意嗎？所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)都需要提前拉伸嗎？閱讀本文你將找到這些問(wèn)題的答案。9.Which of the following statements agrees with most fitness experts?A.Before playing a game you should
31、 stretch your legs and arms.B.After attending a match you should stretch your legs and arms.C. Its harmful to stretch your legs and arms before playing games.D. It does nt matter whether you stretch or not before play ing games.解析：C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，大多數(shù)專家建議運(yùn)動(dòng)前不要進(jìn)行拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)，C 項(xiàng)與專家建議相符。故選 C 項(xiàng)。關(guān)鍵句： So most fit
32、n ess experts curre ntly advise aga inst stretches before exercise.（第一段倒數(shù)第二句）譯文：因此，大多數(shù)健身專家建議鍛煉前不要進(jìn)行拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)。10._According to the newresearch, people may suffer negative impacts when_ .A.they do stretches after attending a gameB.they reach for toes and hold that positionC. following a stretch with severa
33、l minutes joggingD.dashing immediately after one 60-second plus stretch解析：D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Those un desirable effects were gen erally found,however, only if each stretch was held for more than 60 seconds and the subject then immediately became fully active,with no further warm-up. ”可知，身體拉伸超過(guò) 1 分鐘，沒(méi)有進(jìn)
34、一步的熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)而立即運(yùn)動(dòng)的話，那些不良影響就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。由此可推斷D 項(xiàng)“拉伸超過(guò) 1 分鐘后立刻猛跑”是不好的。故選 D 項(xiàng)。11. We can learn from the passage that_ .A.all athletes should not stretch in advaneeB.the four scientists published the journal APNMC. its unnecessary for a tennis player to do warm-up stretchesD. players ought to have done warm-up stret
35、ches since childhood解析：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句并結(jié)合下文Dr. McHugh 所舉的例子可知，并不是所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)員都應(yīng)該提前做拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A 項(xiàng)。關(guān)鍵句：Do these findings mean that all the athletes should stretch in adva nee before a match? “ Notnecessarily ，” Dr. McHugh says.（ 最后一段第一、二句）譯文：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)意味所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽前都應(yīng)該做拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？“不一定，”Dr. McHugh 說(shuō)。12. Whats Dr. McHughs atti
36、tude toward stretches?A. Concerned. B . Doubtful.C. Disapproving. D . Objective解析：D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Dr. McHugh 說(shuō)的話及所舉的例子可知，他認(rèn)為拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)視情況而定，因此可推斷出Dr. McHugh 的觀點(diǎn)是客觀的。故選D 項(xiàng)。長(zhǎng)難句分析：This mon th, the journal,AppliedPhysiology, Nutritio nan dMetabolism(APNM),published a study by four disti nguished exercise scie ntists who an alyzed more tha n 200 studies of how stretchingaffects the following exercise.(第二段第一句 )分析：本句是復(fù)合句。who 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，作從句的主語(yǔ)，先行詞是four distinguished exercisescientists； how 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。作介詞of 的賓語(yǔ)。譯文：本月，應(yīng)用生理學(xué)，營(yíng)養(yǎng)與新陳代謝雜志發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)由四位杰出的運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)家所做研究的 結(jié)果；他們分析了超過(guò)200 個(gè)關(guān)于拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)是如何影響接下來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究。
2018屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解推理判斷題專練三觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類
