（全國卷）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 1 Festivals around the world課時作業(yè) 新人教版必修3

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1、 Unit 1 Festivals around the world Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Beaches，rainforests，samba，soccer...and，most importantly，people: it's hard not to fall for Brazil.In Aug.，CNN released a list of things Brazil does better than anywhere else.The following are four of them. Playfulness It's a key part of the Brazilia

2、n personality：a willingness to laugh at themselves and their awkward situations and to welcome others in on the joke. But despite their problems，Brazilians can put them aside and center their awareness completely on the here and now，which is something the rest of the world could learn from. Music

3、Brazil is a music universe, unrivaled (無與倫比的) in diversity of musical styles，instruments and rhythms.The world knows samba，a mix of European marches and African drumming，and bossa nova, a slower samba infused (注入)with French impressionism and American jazz.But Brazil's diverse population moves to

4、the beat of many different drummers. Partying Celebrating is a priority for Brazilians，whether it's on a large scale or just a backyard barbecue.They throw two of the world's biggest parties，Carnival (The street carnival of Rio de Janeiro is designated by Guinness World Records as the largest car

5、nival in the world.)，and the New Year's Reveillon celebration. Kisses Getting to know people in Brazil is a fast-track process.They don't care too much about personal and emotional space.A kiss on both cheeks is traditional for a male who has been introduced to an adult female，and two more kisses

6、are given when leaving.In most of Brazil，there are two air kisses given in greeting.The first always goes to the right cheek，the second to the left. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇應用文，主要向我們介紹了巴西的一些特點，使我們充分領略了巴西獨特的人文魅力。 1．What can the world learn from Brazilians? A．Keep the work-life balance. B．Attempt to live in t

7、he moment. C．Take part in cultural activities. D．Express emotions openly and boldly. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Playfulness部分中的“But despite their problems，Brazilians can put them aside and center their awareness completely on the here and now，which is something the rest of the world could learn from.”可知，巴西人能夠把問題

8、放到一邊，把注意力集中在當下，即盡力活在當下這一點是世界其他國家應該學習的。 答案：B 2．How should a man by tradition greet a woman whom he is introduced to? A．Through air kisses. B．Through a warm hug. C．Through cheek kissing. D．Through a firm handshake. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kisses部分中的“A kiss on both cheeks is traditional for a male who has be

9、en introduced to an adult female”可知，當一位男性被介紹給一位成年女性時，親吻女士的雙頰是傳統(tǒng)的打招呼的做法。故選C。 答案：C 3．What's the author's purpose of writing the passage? A．To call on people to visit Brazil. B．To highlight the customs of Brazil. C．To present parts of Brazil's best bits. D．To show the characteristics of Brazilian

10、s. 解析：作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“In Aug.，CNN released a list of things Brazil does better than anywhere else.The following are four of them”可知，本文主要介紹的是巴西在世界上做得最好的幾個方面。故選C。該題難點在對bit的理解上，該詞在此意為“一部分，小塊兒”。 答案：C B On April 14th,2010，my entire life changed in an instant.One moment I was joyfully riding thro

11、ugh the sunshine.The next moment，metal，flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash.Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic. As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life，another disaster also occurred on

12、April 14th,2010.It cost the airline industry $ 1.7 billion.Ten million travelers were stuck for days.Economics all over the world were disturbed.This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull，one of Iceland's many volcanoes. However，volcanoes are not all bad.In fact，they are necessary.They are responsib

13、le for the birth of new earth，and for the creation of rich soil.This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily.But cancelling 48% of the world's flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere，temporarily decreasing our carbon foot

14、print. Similarly，the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized.I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations. In 1973，another Icelandic volcano，Eldfell，broke out.Icelander

15、s decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path.After their plan worked，they used the geothermal(地熱的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes.A good example of life bringing lemons，and making lemonade！One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the pres

16、ent moment and being hopeful for the future. I ran from April 14th,2010，to every kind of escape.Eventually I ended up in university for a new-found love in Earth sciences. [語篇解讀]　作者把自己遭遇突發(fā)事件和火山爆發(fā)這種自然災害進行類比，說明遭遇到不幸也有好處，面對現(xiàn)實情況要樂觀積極。 4．What happened to the writer on April 14th,2010? A．He was involv

17、ed in a car crash. B．He was stuck in an Iceland's airport. C．He witnessed a volcanic eruption. D．He was badly injured on a bike ride. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“The next moment，metal...crash.”和“Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.”可知，一個馬虎的騎自行

18、車的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受傷嚴重，故D項正確。 答案：D 5．Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull? A．The economy was cost globally by the eruption. B．Carbon dioxide increased temporarily. C．Most of the world's planes were held up. D．The earth in Iceland was terribly polluted. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Eco

19、nomics all over the world were disturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆發(fā)后，全世界的經(jīng)濟都受到了干擾，即火山的爆發(fā)使全球經(jīng)濟受損，故A項正確。 答案：A 6．Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano? A．It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well. B．It symbolized the accident that changed his life. C．It told us to make the best of a given situation

20、. D．It encouraged him to know more about himself. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“After their plan worked...their homes.”并結(jié)合“One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.”可推知，我們應該充分利用特定的環(huán)境。 答案：C 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Escape from

21、 Volcanoes B．Inspiration from Disasters C．Love for Earth Sciences D．Attitude Toward Nature 解析：標題歸納題。本文作者通過講述自己遭遇事故和火山爆發(fā)帶來的好處及壞處，啟示人們要積極應對現(xiàn)實情況，所以選B項。 答案：B Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 You can choose to think positively and see the good things around you，or you can choose to think negatively and only see the negati

22、ve things around you.It's all up to you.　1　Look at what optimists do differently. Believe in themselves. While others doubt their own abilities，optimists believe they are good enough just the way they are and constantly try to get better. They trust their own intuition(直覺)and abilities when carryi

23、ng out their day-to-day activities.　2　They don't need everyone's approval. Believe in others. Optimists not only believe in themselves，but also in other people in their lives.　3　They know that when you treat a person as he or she is，that person will remain so.But if you treat a person as he or she

24、 ought to be，that person will become what he or she ought to be.Optimists simply see sparks of good in others and work to turn the sparks into a roaring flame. 　4　 Optimists believe in seizing what life throws at them.They are not blind to the risks and dangers involved in taking chances，but rathe

25、r look at the bigger picture，the resources available and then make every opportunity count for a much brighter future full of possibilities. Forgive. Optimists know better than to underestimate the power of forgiveness.Martin Luther King Jr.recognized the past was the past and forgiveness was the

26、path to a better future for everyone.　5　Optimists know tomorrow is another day and another opportunity to correct what needs correcting and create a brighter reality. A．So he fought hate with love. B．They do what feels right in their hearts. C．Take full advantage of all opportunities. D．Be cauti

27、ous about risks and dangers in life. E．They inspire others to be the best they can be. F．It is advisable，however，that you think more positively. G．Thus he devoted his life to the struggle for racial equality. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。積極的想法和消極的想法都取決于個人，然而，本文作者還是建議人們積極看待生活，并說明了樂觀者是怎么做的。 1．解析：空前提到“think po

28、sitively and see the good things around you”或者“think negatively and only see the negative things around you”都取決于你自己，空后提到“Look at what optimists do differently，”因此F項“然而，你以更積極的方式去思考是明智的”填在本空能起到承上啟下的作用，符合語境。 答案：F 2．解析：本段的小標題是“(樂觀者)相信他們自己”，再根據(jù)空前的“They trust their own intuition(直覺)and abilities”可知，B項“他

29、們做他們內(nèi)心覺得正確的事情”符合語境。 答案：B 3．解析：本段主要講的是樂觀者還信任別人。根據(jù)本段最后一句“Optimists simply see sparks of good in others and work to turn the sparks into a roaring flame.”可知，空處應該說的是“他們激勵別人盡力做到最好”，故E項符合語境。 答案：E 4．解析：根據(jù)本段中的關鍵字眼“chances”“opportunity”并結(jié)合“make every opportunity count”可知，本段主要講的是“充分利用所有的機會”。 答案：C 5．解析：根

30、據(jù)空前的“Martin Luther King Jr. recognized the past was the past and forgiveness was the path to a better future for everyone.”可把目光集中在A項和G項上，因為這兩項中的he指的就是Martin Luther King Jr.。再根據(jù)本段的小標題Forgive 可知，A項“因此他用愛來化解仇恨”符合語境。G項表述的內(nèi)容跟上下文聯(lián)系不起來，故可排除。 答案：A Ⅲ.語法填空 Hello，everyone.1. is Jane Scott from C

31、hannel 9 News.Now I'm at the scene of a special rescue that occurred earlier today.The fire 2. (break) out at around 6：30 in the morning at the three-story building behind me.The cause of the fire is still unknown.Firemen managed to keep the fire 3. control as soon as possibl

32、e.But we are still not able to get any 4. (close) because of the possibility of an explosion.There is also a crowd 5. (collect) at the spot.Witnesses say that they noticed fire coming from the building earlier this morning.It was believed that everyone 6. (move) out

33、 of the building to safety.However，Jenny Rhyme 7. lived in this building，panicked，when she returned and noticed the fire，8. (realise) that her 3-month-old baby was still inside.However，witnesses report seeing the dog，the family dog，Lucky，pulling 9. baby to safety b

34、y the baby's clothes. 10． (fortunate)，everyone is reported safe.The baby was taken to the hospital，as well as the dog，but we're happy to say that at this time，it looks like everyone will be fine.OK.That's the news，and now over to Bob Smith in the sports centre. [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇應用文。本文是9頻道新聞

35、的一則新聞。 1．解析：本文為新聞現(xiàn)場直播內(nèi)容。新聞報道中，記者自我介紹時，常用this指代第一人稱“我”。 答案：This 2．解析：大火發(fā)生時間是過去，故用一般過去時。 答案：broke 3．解析：句意：消防隊員盡快地將大火控制住了。under control為固定短語，意為：處于控制之下。 答案：under 4．解析：句意：但是因為還有爆炸的可能，我們?nèi)匀粵]能夠更靠近火場。根據(jù)設空處前的any可知設空處需用close的比較級形式。在否定句和疑問句中，any常與形容詞、副詞比較級連用，意為：更……，再…… 答案：closer 5．解析：句意：還有一群人聚集在現(xiàn)場。本題考查

36、非謂語動詞作定語。collect作“聚集，齊聚”講時為不及物動詞，collect與a crowd為邏輯上的主動關系。且表示正在進行，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。 答案：collecting 6．解析：句意：人們普遍認為每個人都被移出大樓到了安全的地方。本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。everyone與move為被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)；“被移出”發(fā)生在was believed之前，故用過去完成時，故答案為had been moved。 答案：had been moved 7．解析：“ lived in this building”為定語從句，先行詞為Jenny Rhyme，將先行詞代入定語從句后可知先行詞在定語從句中作主語，且先行詞指“人”，故用who引導。 答案：who 8．realising 9．解析：設空處后的baby在本句中表示特指，特指前文中her 3-month-old baby，故設空處填定冠詞。 答案：the 10．解析：此處需用副詞修飾后面整個句子。句意：幸運的是據(jù)報道，每個人都很安全。 答案：Fortunately 7